2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)最新文献

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Mind the (synthesis) gap: Examining where academic FPGA tools lag behind industry 注意(合成)差距:检查FPGA工具落后于工业的地方
Eddie Hung
{"title":"Mind the (synthesis) gap: Examining where academic FPGA tools lag behind industry","authors":"Eddie Hung","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7294007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7294007","url":null,"abstract":"Firstly, we present VTR-to-Bitstream v2.0, the latest version of our open-source toolchain that takes Verilog input and produces a packed, placed - and now routed -solution that can be programmed onto the Xilinx commercial FPGA architecture. Secondly, we apply this updated tool to measure the gap between academic and industrial FPGA tools by examining the quality of results at each of the three main compilation stages: synthesis, packing & placement, routing. Our findings indicate that the delay gap (according to Xilinx static timing analysis) for academic tools breaks down into a 31% degradation with synthesis, 10% with packing & placement, and 15% with routing. This leads us to believe that opportunities for improvement exist not only within VPR, but also in the front-end tools that lie upstream.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130758997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Placing partially reconfigurable stream processing applications on FPGAs 将部分可重构的流处理应用程序放在fpga上
Nicolae Bogdan Grigore, Dirk Koch
{"title":"Placing partially reconfigurable stream processing applications on FPGAs","authors":"Nicolae Bogdan Grigore, Dirk Koch","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7294001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7294001","url":null,"abstract":"Finding placement locations for modules on an FPGA in a limited amount of time is a crucial task that determines the efficiency of a dynamic partially reconfigurable system. In this work, we will define a placement method based on transforming the inherent two dimensional (2D) structure of the FPGA into a one dimensional string and employing string matching. Moreover, our model is suited to compute a module placement over multiple chained reconfigurable regions. Our algorithm is based on a hybrid approach consisting of an offline precompute phase at design-time which in turn is used to speed-up module placement at run-time.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131480564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Optimizing energy efficient low-swing interconnect for sub-threshold FPGAs 优化亚阈值fpga的节能低摆幅互连
He Qi, Oluseyi A. Ayorinde, Yu Huang, B. Calhoun
{"title":"Optimizing energy efficient low-swing interconnect for sub-threshold FPGAs","authors":"He Qi, Oluseyi A. Ayorinde, Yu Huang, B. Calhoun","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7293979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293979","url":null,"abstract":"FPGA interconnect traditionally dominates energy and delay, and designs such as low-swing interconnect have been proven to reduce the interconnect burden for low energy FPGAs. This paper presents an optimized low-swing interconnect for FPGAs operating in the sub-threshold region. We also address signal degradation along lengthy interconnect paths and examine strategies for inserting low-switching-threshold repeaters. A 130nm test chip implementing low-swing interconnect meshes with different circuit parameters is measured. The results show that optimization of the low-swing interconnect provides up to 60.2% lower energy-delay-product (EDP) than a straightforward, un-optimized low-swing design at VDD = 0.4V. Furthermore, the simulation results show that the optimized low-swing interconnect is 97.7% faster and 42.7% lower energy than a traditional uni-directional interconnect at VDD = 0.4V.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"63 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127144474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
A framework for integrated monitoring of real-time embedded SoC 嵌入式SoC实时集成监控框架
G. Valente
{"title":"A framework for integrated monitoring of real-time embedded SoC","authors":"G. Valente","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7293987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293987","url":null,"abstract":"The presented Ph.D. work deals with the development of a framework to support the design of embedded systems. In particular, it focuses on the development of a unobtrusive profiling system to support, at run-time, both the definition of the best execution platform and its resource optimization. The final goal is the definition of a framework exploiting reconfigurable logic, based on monitoring actions and run-time decisions. The profiling system under development and its high portability toward different architectures, representing current status of Ph.D. work, are described. Planned future steps, including benchmarking by means of industrial applications, are illustrated.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126950988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Estimating circuit delays in FPGAs after technology mapping 技术映射后fpga电路延迟估计
Berg Severens, Elias Vansteenkiste, Karel Heyse, D. Stroobandt
{"title":"Estimating circuit delays in FPGAs after technology mapping","authors":"Berg Severens, Elias Vansteenkiste, Karel Heyse, D. Stroobandt","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7294010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7294010","url":null,"abstract":"An FPGA implementation requires a significant effort of the hardware designer, who optimizes FPGA designs by going through many time-consuming CAD flow iterations. These iterations provide two types of feedback: (1) the FPGA performance and (2) the identification of the parts having the highest impact on the FPGA performance. Both depend on the wirelength behavior. Studies have been dedicated to the estimation of local [5] and global [4] wirelengths, but to our knowledge both performance estimations and identification of the critical zone are not present in literature. Therefore this paper, firstly, presents a comparison of three performance estimation techniques: logic depth, Monte Carlo simulation and fast placement (ordered from low to high accuracy and runtime). Secondly, four methods identifying the critical zone are compared. Results show that Monte Carlo simulations provide a good identification of the parts having the highest impact on the performance. We conclude that Monte Carlo simulations provide useful feedback within a short runtime (about 30 times faster than placement), reducing the time-to-market of FPGA implementations.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131689516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
ParaLaR: A parallel FPGA router based on Lagrangian relaxation 基于拉格朗日松弛的并行FPGA路由器
Chin Hau Hoo, Akash Kumar, Yajun Ha
{"title":"ParaLaR: A parallel FPGA router based on Lagrangian relaxation","authors":"Chin Hau Hoo, Akash Kumar, Yajun Ha","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7294012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7294012","url":null,"abstract":"Routing of nets is one of the most time consuming steps in the FPGA design flow. While existing works have described ways of accelerating the process through parallelization, they are not scalable. In this paper, we propose a scalable way of parallelizing the routing algorithm through Lagrangian relaxation. The FPGA routing problem is formulated as a linear programming problem, and the channel width constraints, which limit the amount of parallelism, are relaxed by incorporating them into the objective function. The result of the relaxation yields independent sub-problems that we solve using minimum Steiner tree algorithms. Our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art FPGA parallel router by producing an average self-relative speedup of 7.05X with 8 threads, reduces the total wire length by 22.4% on average and has similar channel width requirements as VPR, albeit at the cost of 7.5% longer critical path. Another advantage of our algorithm is that the number of threads and the order in which the nets are routed has totally no impact on the quality of result.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124876986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Characterisation of feasibility regions in FPGAs under adaptive DVFS 自适应DVFS下fpga可行性区域的表征
Nizar Dahir, Pedro B. Campos, G. Tempesti, M. Trefzer, A. Tyrrell
{"title":"Characterisation of feasibility regions in FPGAs under adaptive DVFS","authors":"Nizar Dahir, Pedro B. Campos, G. Tempesti, M. Trefzer, A. Tyrrell","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7293998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293998","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) is a non-trivial task on FPGAs and requires knowledge about the feasible voltage and frequency (VF) ranges as a first step. The VF feasible ranges depend not only on the size of the critical path in the design but also on the inter- and intra-die variability on the FPGA die. Moreover, the variations in the configuration of the FPGA highly affect feasible VF ranges. Therefore, it is crucial to characterise feasibility by studying the relationship between feasible VF regions and these sources of variability in FPGAs. In this paper we employ a self-checking multiplier which uses residue codes and DVFS implemented on the programmable logic component of a Xilinx Zynq ZC702 device as an error-detection circuit to study these feasible regions. Results show that, as expected, feasible VF ranges vary with FPGA configuration. More interestingly, significant variation of the feasible VF regions is found for different dies. These results highlight the necessity of dynamic self-testing as a part of an adaptive DVFS implementation on FPGAs. Employing the techniques presented in this work enables the implementation of efficient adaptive on-line DVFS on programmable logic while ensuring reliability.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"18 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116091579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Synthesizable FPGA fabrics targetable by the Verilog-to-Routing (VTR) CAD flow 可由Verilog-to-Routing (VTR) CAD流进行目标合成的FPGA结构
Jin Hee Kim, J. Anderson
{"title":"Synthesizable FPGA fabrics targetable by the Verilog-to-Routing (VTR) CAD flow","authors":"Jin Hee Kim, J. Anderson","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7293955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293955","url":null,"abstract":"We consider implementing FPGAs using a standard cell design methodology, and present a framework for the automated generation of synthesizable FPGA fabrics. The open-source Verilog-to-Routing (VTR) FPGA architecture evaluation framework [1] is extended to generate synthesizable Verilog for its in-memory FPGA architectural device model. The Verilog can be synthesized into standard cells, placed and routed using an ASIC design flow. A second extension to VTR generates a configuration bitstream for the FPGA; that is, the bitstream configures the FPGA to realize a user-provided placed and routed design. The proposed framework and methodology opens the door to silicon implementation of a wide range of VTR-modelled FPGA fabrics. In an experimental study, area and timing-optimized FPGA implementations in 65nm TSMC standard cells are compared with a 65nm Altera commercial FPGA.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133635039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Static hardware task placement on multi-context FPGA using hybrid genetic algorithm 基于混合遗传算法的多上下文FPGA静态硬件任务配置
Hao Liang, Sharad Sinha, Rakesh Warrier, Wei Zhang
{"title":"Static hardware task placement on multi-context FPGA using hybrid genetic algorithm","authors":"Hao Liang, Sharad Sinha, Rakesh Warrier, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7293954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293954","url":null,"abstract":"Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are becoming pervasive in various kinds of computationally demanding applications. Working in a tightly coupled processor-coprocessor architecture, FPGAs are often anticipated to accelerate multiple fine-grained or coarse-grained tasks simultaneously. Single-context FPGAs are commonly used in such systems. With the recent development of emerging memory technologies, multi-context FPGAs that support dynamic reconfiguration with high-density non-volatile memories become feasible. Compared to single-context FPGAs, multi-context FPGAs are able to accelerate significantly more tasks with only moderate area and power overhead. However, the best way to utilize the computation capacity advantage of multi-context FPGAs for hardware task mapping remains an interesting and unexploited problem. In this paper, we first propose the framework of a processor-coprocessor architecture with multi-context FPGA as the coprocessor for multiple-task acceleration. Under the framework, a hybrid placement strategy based on genetic and greedy algorithms is proposed to efficiently place a set of tasks onto the multi-context FPGA to achieve the best logic capacity utilization. Experiments on real and synthetic benchmarks demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm compared with other general approaches.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123128192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
CoRAM++: Supporting data-structure-specific memory interfaces for FPGA computing CoRAM++:支持用于FPGA计算的特定于数据结构的内存接口
G. Weisz, J. Hoe
{"title":"CoRAM++: Supporting data-structure-specific memory interfaces for FPGA computing","authors":"G. Weisz, J. Hoe","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2015.7294017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7294017","url":null,"abstract":"Facilitating DRAM access is an essential part of an application programming environment for FPGA computing. Existing FPGA application programming environments primarily focus on support for simple, regular memory access patterns, such as block copy and streaming. This paper presents CoRAM++, a programming environment for FPGA computing that is based on an extensible set of data-structure-specific memory interfaces. CoRAM++ supports complex data structures, such as multidimensional arrays and linked lists, in addition to simple data access patterns. CoRAM++ defines an appropriate application-level interface for each supported data structure, and provides a specialized soft-logic implementation of the supporting datapath to memory. We evaluated the effectiveness of the CoRAM++ data-structure-specific approach in three application scenarios based on streams, multi-dimensional arrays and linked lists. Our results show that the CoRAM++ programming environment can offer convenient application-level interfaces without penalizing DRAM access performance.","PeriodicalId":261014,"journal":{"name":"2015 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","volume":"549 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123914881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
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