ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Mild Fractionation of Biomass into Three Binary-Component Fractions","authors":"Tingjiao Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Qiongyao Su,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yuchen Zeng,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chengyue Yuan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shuyue Wan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jinguang Hu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Yu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Fei Shen*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Dong Tian*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05627","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05627","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The effective fractionation technology route is a crucial aspect for the full valorization of lignocellulose. The current fractionation technologies primarily focus on single-component fractionation of lignocellulose, with the technical dilemma between each component conversion availability and overall product yields, especially under harsh fractionation conditions. This work proposed the mild fractionation process of a mechanochemistry-assisted choline hydroxide-ethylene glycol alkaline deep eutectic solvent (Ch-Ely DES) to fractionate straw biomass, with the goal of higher-value binary-component fractions pursuing, i.e., holocellulose, lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC), and arabinoxylan (AX). Through the synergistic effect of mechanochemical deconstruction and alkaline deep eutectic solvent swelling, 93% holocellulose recovery, corresponding to a 53.2/100 Ar β-O-4 bond content in the LCC fraction, was achieved. The resulting holocellulose hydrolysis values at a 5 wt % solid loading were 96 and 55% for glucose and xylose respectively. The mild fractionation process could yield fractions with well-preserved structures by selective hydrogen bond network interaction and lignin-carbohydrate complex covalent bond preservation. The proposed binary-component fractionation route is promising to diversify current fractionation technologies and product streams.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"15958–15968"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Coordination-Controlled Iron Precipitation in the Zinc Hydrometallurgy Process: A Green Strategy for Fe–Zn Separation","authors":"Xiaoyun Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yunyan Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Wenchao Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Hongrui Xiang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shan Tan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaole Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Meiqing Shi,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yong Ke,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xu Yan*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Qingwei Wang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c04798","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c04798","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The efficient separation of Fe from zinc hydrometallurgy leachate, particularly at excessive Zn²⁺ concentrations, remains a major challenge. Conventional methods rely on high temperatures and alkaline environments, making it difficult to control the solubility of Zn²⁺. Moreover, Zn²⁺ tends to coprecipitate with Fe at high pH levels, significantly limiting the resource utilization efficiency. To address this bottleneck, this study introduces an innovative Fe–Zn selective separation strategy based on coordination regulation, operating under mild temperature and alkalinity. The introduction of multiple active functional groups enables precise control over the targeting coordination of Fe³⁺ and Zn²⁺. At only 30 °C and 1 mol/L OH^–, OH^– promotes autocatalytic transformation of Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺, ultimately driving the selective formation of magnetite. Meanwhile, thiol and amine groups, acting as soft base ligands, exhibit a strong affinity for Zn²⁺, stabilizing it as a soluble complex. This strategy breaks the technical barriers of traditional Fe–Zn separation with high energy consumption, excessive alkali use, and poor selectivity. By establishing a novel separation paradigm based on molecular-level coordination control, the selectivity is enhanced, and the reliance on extreme conditions is significantly reduced. This approach offers a green and efficient solution for metal separation, wastewater treatment, and resource recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"15912–15923"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvated Electrons-Induced CO2 Valorization via Plasma–Liquid Interface for Sustainable Organic Acid Production","authors":"Longfei Hong,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Dingwei Gan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaoran Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yuting Gao,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Haoxuan Jiang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shuai Yuan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jingwen Huang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jing Sun,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Rusen Zhou*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Renwu Zhou,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c06219","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c06219","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The escalating climate crisis driven by CO₂ emissions necessitates performance- and energy-efficient carbon utilization technologies. Catalytic CO₂ reduction and valorization into value-added organic acids hold significant promise, yet current systems often require precious metal catalysts, high temperatures, or elevated pressures. Herein, we demonstrate a catalyst-free plasma-electrochemical process for the one-step organic acid synthesis from CO₂ and H₂O under ambient conditions. This approach employs a gaseous plasma electrode powered by a negative DC source, coupling plasma excitation in the gas phase with solvated electron-induced CO₂ reduction in the liquid. Through systematic optimization of key parameters, including electrolyte conductivity, alkali metal cation type, pH, temperature, and discharge configuration, the process achieves an oxalic acid formation rate of 71.68 μmol/h. Mechanistic studies, including product profiling and radical scavenging experiments, reveal that oxalic acid formation proceeds predominantly <i>via</i> solvated electron-mediated CO₂ coupling through ·CO₂^– intermediates, while formic acid is generated from ·CO₂^– and ·CO hydrogenation. We expect that this work could establish a sustainable route for ambient-condition CO₂ conversion using plasma-enabled electrochemistry, advancing the field of catalyst-free carbon valorization.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"16058–16070"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Mechanistic Study on Copper Leaching from Copper Water-Quenched Slag Enhanced by Sodium Gluconate","authors":"Jianjun Sun,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Peilun Shen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Tianfu Zhang*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Rong Peng*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Dianwen Liu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05836","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05836","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Copper water-quenched slag (CWQS), a critical secondary copper resource, faces restricted copper leaching during ammonia leaching due to the generation of passivation films on the surface of copper matte. To address this, a novel ammonia-sodium gluconate (SG) oxidation leaching was proposed. Process mineralogy, leaching thermodynamics, single-factor experiments, kinetics, and analyses (metallographic microscope, SEM-EDS and XPS) elucidated the properties of CWQS, scheme feasibility, copper leaching behavior, rate-controlling step and activation energy of the leaching process, and mechanism of SG enhancing copper leaching efficiency. Results show 95.23% copper leaching from CWQS, a 2.99% increase with SG. The leaching process is governed by mixed control and the activation energy was decreased by 4.16 kJ/mol by adding SG. Mechanistically, SG reacts with transient Fe³⁺ to form soluble Fe (C₆H₁₁O₇)₃, inhibiting Fe (OH)₃ passivation film deposition on copper matte. It also reacts with preformed passivation films via complexation-dissolution, reducing thickness from 2.43 to 0.49 μm and transforming structure from dense to porous, thereby facilitating diffusion and accelerating copper leaching kinetics. Economic analysis shows adding SG can generate an incremental revenue of ∼3.40 CNY per ton of CWQS. The approach achieves economical and efficient copper recovery, presenting an alternative for the sustainable utilization of CWQS.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"15989–16000"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Waste to Power: Gas–Solid Coupling-Modified Rubber Carbon Anodes with 87% Coulombic Efficiency for Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Danqing Li,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xin He,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Linlin Wang*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Mei Ding,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chunhui Gao,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Chuankun Jia*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05885","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05885","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Rubber, an organic polymer, is notoriously difficult to degrade. The large quantities of waste rubber decommissioned annually pose significant ecological and environmental challenges. This study proposes a novel strategy to transform waste rubber into high-performance carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) through gas–solid intersection modification with ethanol-assisted heat treatment. This innovative approach optimizes the microstructure of rubber-derived carbon, effectively reducing the surface sulfur content and forming more pseudographite microcrystalline structures. As a result, the initial Coulombic efficiency of the anode material is significantly improved from ∼78% to ∼87%, and the rate performance is enhanced, maintaining a reversible specific capacity of 157 mAh g^–1 after 300 cycles at a high current density of 12 C. This work not only provides a new pathway for the high-value-added recycling of waste rubber but also contributes to the development of advanced carbon anode materials for SIBs, offering dual benefits for environmental sustainability and energy storage applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"15969–15977"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Adsorption of Polystyrene Microplastics in Aqueous Media Using PET-C Synthesized from Plastic Waste: DFT and Experimental Studies","authors":"Ge Bai,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chen Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;BaoLin Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Peerapong Promcharoen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Peerapong Chumkaeo,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Ekasith Somsook*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c02073","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c02073","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study transformed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste into activated carbon (PET-C) by means of direct carbonization and subsequent KOH activation, without inert gases. PET-C was characterized and evaluated for microplastic (MP) removal, specifically targeting polystyrene (PS). Adsorption experiments revealed a maximal adsorption capacity of 139.57 mg·g^–1 (0.5 g/L, 12 h, 298 K), and monolayer chemical adsorption was indicated by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics fitting. The process occurred spontaneously and exothermically with robust pH stability. Removal mechanisms included π–π interactions, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions supported by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. PET-C demonstrated high efficiency in diverse water matrices with minimal anion interference and &gt;80% removal efficiency retention after five cycles. This work offered a sustainable strategy for transforming PET waste into a high-performance adsorbent, addressing plastic waste management and microplastic pollution for environmental remediation and wastewater treatment.</p><p >This study promotes sustainability by converting PET waste into efficient adsorbents for microplastic removal from water.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"15792–15804"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c02073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lignin-Containing Cellulose Acetate Films from Grapevine Waste: A Sustainable Path to Compostable Bioplastics","authors":"Raffaella Lettieri*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Alice Caravella,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Giulia Quintarelli,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Cadia D’Ottavi,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Silvia Licoccia,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Emanuela Gatto*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c07998","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c07998","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Grapevine shoots, a viticultural residue rich in cellulose (∼34%) and lignin (20–27%), were valorized through an eco-designed biorefinery process integrating autoclave-assisted pretreatment and organosolv extraction. This approach enabled the corecovery of cellulose and lignin under mild, sulfur-free conditions, followed by a chlorine-free bleaching that retained ∼7 wt % lignin within the cellulose. Rather than being removed, lignin was preserved as a natural additive for its antioxidant and UV-shielding functions, reducing the need for synthetic components. The lignin-containing cellulose was acetylated (DS ≈ 1.7) and plasticized with glycerol to produce biodegradable films. These films fully disintegrated under home composting within 8 weeks, outperforming commercial cellulose acetate. The process aligns with green chemistry principles and EU circular economy goals, offering a sustainable route to multifunctional bioplastics from agricultural waste.</p><p >Eco-designed biorefinery transforms agricultural waste into multifunctional, biodegradable films for sustainable packaging applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"16178–16191"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c07998","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 Valorization toward Selective N-Formylation of Nitroarenes and Aminoarenes under Homogeneous Titanium Catalysis","authors":"Vadithya Suman, Tarun Bhatt, Gopika N. Nair, Venkata Narayana Kalevaru, Sebastian Wohlrab, Kishore Natte","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c06978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c06978","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving selective and versatile access to formamides from nitroarenes remains a challenge in modern synthetic chemistry. These formamides have broad applications in nucleic acid research and cryopreservation as well as in the production of pesticides, fungicides, polymers, and pharmaceuticals; additionally, they are used as effective solvents. We herein present a versatile and straightforward method for the direct synthesis of these compounds through selective <i>N</i>-formylation of nitroarenes and/or anilines, employing renewable CO₂ as a C1 source and ammonia borane as the hydrogen donor, using Cp₂TiCl₂ as the potential catalyst. A broad range of structurally diverse nitroarenes and anilines was efficiently converted to their corresponding formamides as sole products in good to excellent yields. The coordination between the titanium center and the oxygen atom of the CO₂ molecule, along with the formation of a key titanocene intermediate and a stable Cp₂TiO complex, played a crucial role in preventing overreduction and driving the reaction in a desired path with improved efficiency and selectivity.","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Circular-Economy Gains of Remanufactured Perovskite Solar Cells via A Dynamic Sustainability-Benefit Ratio","authors":"Tomohiko Nakajima*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yuuki Kitanaka,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Masayuki Fukuda,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c06086","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c06086","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer high power-conversion efficiencies and low-temperature, solution-based fabrication, but their short operational lifetime and lead-containing layers raise environmental and economic concerns. These issues cannot be resolved under a linear “make-use-dispose” paradigm. Because perovskite layers can be both deposited and removed via solution processing, reusing the substrate and supporting platform opens a promising pathway toward circular operation. However, a unified metric that integrates environmental and economic performance of such reuse remains lacking. This study investigates whether periodic remanufacturing can enhance circularity in PSCs and introduces a dynamic Sustainability-Benefit Ratio (SBR) to quantify its combined benefits. Life-cycle boundaries are cradle-to-cradle: manufacturing, one midlife remanufacture or full replacement, and end-of-life processing. Developed to quantify both environmental and economic sustainability within a single framework, SBR is defined as the ratio of cumulative environmental benefit to cumulative environmental cost. The numerator accounts for avoided CO₂ emissions from electricity generation, as well as material and end-of-life credits. Meanwhile, the denominator includes embodied emissions and monetized costs, with all terms expressed in CO₂-equivalent units using an economic CO₂ intensity factor. This enables all components to be expressed in a unified CO₂-equivalent unit, thereby integrating both environmental and economic aspects into a single evaluation framework. Application to PSCs shows that periodic remanufacturing increases the steady-state SBR by 12.5% and reduces the levelized cost of electricity by 31.9%. Equivalent circular value is achieved with lifetimes about 38% shorter than those required in a renew-only scenario, highlighting improved resource efficiency and design flexibility. Finally, benchmarking against other renewable technologies reveals that remanufactured PSCs have the potential to outperform mature systems such as silicon photovoltaics. These findings highlight the value of incorporating remanufacturing at the design stage and establish SBR as a practical, interpretable tool for assessing circularity in emerging technologies beyond PSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"16001–16015"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully Biobased Lignin-Bonded Bamboo Composites with Mold Resistance Based on Lignin Recycle Strategy","authors":"Peisheng Li,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Zhezhe Zhou,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Genghao Zheng,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Zhuolin Shao,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yuheng Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yantao Xu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Mingyue Jiang,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Xiaochun Zhang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05123","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05123","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Bamboo has emerged as a promising biomass resource for sustainable development; however, its susceptibility to molds impedes further adoption. This study presents the synergistic preparation of lignin-bonded bamboo composites (LBCs) exhibiting superior mold resistance through alkali treatment and lignin compositing. According to the lignin recycling strategy, recycled lignin (RL) is extracted from the alkali waste liquid after the alkali treatment of bamboo bundles. Alkali treatment efficiently eliminates nutrients from bamboo bundles and establishes an alkaline environment that inhibits mold proliferation. Subsequently, RL is integrated into the alkali-treated bamboo bundles as an adhesive and mold inhibitor. Hot-pressing induces physical (phase change) and chemical (self-cross-linking reaction between applied lignin and residual lignin) cross-linking, endowing the bamboo composites with superior mechanical qualities. LBC demonstrated an almost complete absence of molds in the 28-day mold inhibition test, achieving 96% efficacy in mold inhibition. The flexural strength and flexural modulus are measured at 168.0 MPa and 14.7 GPa, respectively, while the flexural specific strength attains 128.74 MPa/(g/cm³). The superior mechanical qualities and mold resistance of LBC are anticipated to enhance its utilization in outdoor flooring, interior decoration, and other domains. The lignin recycle strategy reported in this study prepares bamboo composites with superior mold resistance by reintroducing lignin, highlighting its potential in mold resistance and adhesive applications and thereby facilitating sustainable utilization of bamboo materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"13 38","pages":"15935–15946"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}