Педагогика и просвещение最新文献

{"title":"Is it possible to turn the \"upbringing\" from Cinderella into a princess?","authors":"V. Rozin","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.2.38245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.2.38245","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article discusses the situation with education in modern culture and pedagogy, raises the question of the reasons for the decline in interest in education and the possibility of its revival in the near future. The meanings of education (widely understood education, controlled development, inclusion in culture) are considered. Two conditions of the conceivability of the traditional understanding of education are analyzed. Firstly, it is the principle of \"epistemological transparency\" (according to it, the teacher knows the laws of student development and the requirements that will be imposed on him at the exit of education-upbringing), which allows to determine the goals and content of education-upbringing, as well as methods of education.   Secondly, the \"deterministic\" principle: the development of a young person can be directed in the direction desired by the state, society and school, while blocking the student's activity leading in the wrong direction. It is argued that currently both of these conditions are not met, which forms a problem for education. Social reality is increasingly thought of as pluralistic, complex and uncertain; and determination in the field of education is becoming less and less, on the contrary, the principles of variability, the need to take into account different types of personality and divergent trajectories of their development and evolution are rising to the shield. The installations of a new concept of education, taking into account modern challenges of the time and sociality, are considered. According to the author, education should satisfy the \"environmental approach\", \"personalistic\" and \"reflexive-conceptual\".\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134389798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evgeny Sashko: a person, an artist, a teacher","authors":"Pavel Vladimirovich Baklyskii, L. E. Baklyskaia","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.2.35317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.2.35317","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is the biography, scientific and pedagogical activity of the Khabarovsk teacher of drawing Evgeny Vyacheslavovich Sashko, the peculiarities of his personality as a person and a teacher. The stages of formation, the main types of creative activity of a teacher in the historical context of the formation of architectural education and the development of methods and technologies of artistic training of architects and designers on the basis of the Pacific National University are considered. For the first time, an attempt was made to recreate an integral creative portrait of E. V. Sashko, whose sphere of interests included decorative and applied art, as well as pedagogical work. He could fruitfully combine artistic creativity and the ability to teach, combining various fields of activity. The methodology of the research is based on a theoretical approach using the method of analysis of scientific works, generalization of pedagogical observations of educational and creative artistic activities, personal memories of authors, conversations with relatives, questionnaires and surveys of colleagues and students. Scientific novelty is associated with the involvement in scientific circulation of biographical sources and educational works of E. V. Sashko (in particular, in the field of architectural drawing techniques), which is mainly of importance for the training and education of young specialists at Pacific State University and other universities of the relevant profile, their professional growth and development. The results of the study are conclusions reflecting the specific contribution of E.V. Sashko in the development of artistic and graphic training of specialists. The method of architectural drawing, one of the main developers of which was E.V. Sashko, to this day serves as the basis for all programs of artistic training of students at the Pacific National University.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122212113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of competitiveness of future teachers in the university education system.","authors":"Nazerke Beikutkyzy Shaikhislamova, Aigul' Abdimazhitovna Bulatbaeva, G. M. Akbaeva, Bakhytzhan Zhetpisbaevich Abildaev","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37583","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of the article is a theoretical and practical justification of the process of forming the competitiveness of a future teacher. Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization, modeling, in-depth interviewing. The results of the study: the essence of the competitiveness of the future teacher is determined, the developed model of the process of forming the desired quality is presented, the results of diagnostics are presented. Based on the results of the study of the formation of the competitiveness of future teachers, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop and implement a holistic model of the formation of the desired quality through mentoring and coaching techniques, the development of personal qualities in training training, the development of a system of professional counseling and career guidance. The authors define the competitiveness of the future teacher, substantiate some conditions for its formation. The process of globalization and the variability of the environment today require that society ensure sustainability for itself and its environment throughout life. Therefore, the paradigm of competitiveness of an individual and a specialist is currently changing. For graduates, it is important not only to achieve academic results, but also how they can take into account the likely level of competition in the labor market and be ready to respond flexibly to these changes. The authors of the article, analyzing the psychological and pedagogical literature, come to the conclusion that along with the development of professional qualities, it is necessary to develop habits of leadership, analytical abilities, involvement in public life, active citizenship, as competitive advantages of a specialist.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114293173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conditions for designing effective professional educational programs at a modern university","authors":"M. Aldoshina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.35155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.35155","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines the aspects of the formation of professional and key personal competencies and their features in the modern digital society and university education, reflected in the design of professional educational programs. The author actualizes the need to update educational professional programs, examines the essence and features of the formation of professional competencies in universities of modern Russia at the digital stage of the development of civilization, features of the individualization of the educational process in the era of digitalization and the spread of distance technologies. The article prioritizes the impact of personnel, logistical and substantive problems. The subject of this article is the conditions for the development of effective professional educational programs in university education. The object is the design of professional educational programs. В В  In the situation of the current stage of the digital development of society and the stage of the development of vocational education, the problem of the formation of professional competencies in university education is particularly relevant.The methodological basis of the article is a competence-based approach that considers the results of students' educational actions through competencies. The main problem of the article is the consideration of the conditions for designing effective professional educational programs and technologies for their practical implementation at the university for the formation of a complex of professional and personal competencies of students in the conditions of digitalization of university education and the spread of distance education. The need to update educational professional programs is determined by the peculiarities of modern vocational education, the level of competence and preparedness of subjects in it, taking into account the personnel, material, technical and content-technological conditions of the modern personality-oriented professional educational route of each student, which allows to coordinate and harmonize the disparate personal and axiological determinants of the digital stage of the development of university education in society.","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121166161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the impact of structural organization of achievement motivation of athletes upon their performance","authors":"Ol'ga Alekseevna Svilina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37599","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this research is the psychological patterns of dynamic manifestations of athlete’s motivation for achieving results in individual sports, as well as peculiarities of its transformation, taking into account professional becoming and the impact on self-efficacy The object of this research is the achievement motivation of athletes in individual sports. The author aims to empirically assess the impact of structural organization of achievement motivation of athletes upon their performance and achievements. Relying on the methods of nomothetic analysis of the data on the achievement motivation of over than 500 athletes, as well as their achievements, the article builds the system of independent equations that allow analyzing the impact of basic motivational factors (ego orientation, task solution, and material values) upon the effectiveness of athletes of the corresponding professional age group. The main conclusion consists in the revealed patterns that determine the effectiveness of an athlete depending on the structural organization of achievement motivation. Leaning on the developed system of independent equations, the author determines the level of sensitivity of achievements to the structure of the motive of athletes in individual sports. It is established that the degree of performance of an athlete is most sensitive to changes in the \"task-solution orientation\" factor. However, the progress in professional development leads to inclination towards the \"material factor\". The novelty of consists in modernization of the existing approaches and algorithms towards studying the achievement motivation (approaches of R. A. Piloyan, E. P. Ilyin, A. C. Puni, etc.) within the framework of using the dynamic analysis of the three-dimensional structure of motivation (\"ego\", \"tasks\", \"material factors\") applicable to athletes in individual sports. This allowed substantiating the need to use such mathematical-statistical models that are able to forecast the performance of an athlete depending on the structural organization of basic motives in each professional group.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130756171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional model of a unified educational space for the development of professional competencies of a teacher","authors":"S. Sagitov, A. Dorofeev, A. F. Mustaev, G. Kalimullina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37638","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article was prepared within the framework of the project \"Development of a model of a unified educational space of organizations of preschool and general education in Ufa with in-depth study of the Bashkir language\", implemented at the Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla. The subject of the research is modeling the educational space of preschool and general education organizations for the development of professional competencies of a teacher. The structural and functional model of the unified educational space is developed on the basis of the principles of multidimensionality, horizontal learning, personification, eventfulness, subjectivity, continuous improvement of professional skills, continuity, guided development and post-training support. The model presents and describes: components of the educational space (subjects, technologies, events and phenomena, partner organizations, resource provision); functions (diagnosis of professional deficits of a teacher, formation of a map of professional deficits, determination of points of growth of a teacher and the construction of his individual educational route); mechanism of implementation of functions (automated assessment of subject and methodological competencies, determining the level of professional competencies, building an individual educational route). The article reveals the features of the functioning of the Center for scientific and methodological support of teaching staff. The description of the research and methodological blocks, as well as the mobile learning block and the block of high-tech learning tools is presented. The scientific and theoretical foundations of the management of the unified educational space of preschool and general education organizations have been developed to improve the level of professional skills of teachers. The main effect achieved in the implementation of the proposed model is the integration and coordination of teachers of preschool and general education organizations within a single educational space. Innovative educational environment of continuous professional development of teaching staff contributes to their professional development and career \"lift\" \u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133503414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedagogical resources for the formation of optimistic worldview among modern university students","authors":"M. Agienko, Aleksandr Andreevich Naumov, Dogan Saltash, Elena Karpenko","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.35037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.35037","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The relevance of this article is determined by the need to develop motivation to work and acquisition of knowledge among students in the current conditions of simplification of the mechanism for selection of the applicants to academic programs. The object of this research is the process of increasing students' motivation to learning in higher education institutions. The subject is the correlation between the pedagogical appraisal and the level of learning motivation of students. The goal lies in assessment of motivational potential of possible remarks of the pedagogue addressed to the student. The norm of motivational potential is considered the correspondence with the parameters of optimistic worldview. The method of conformity assessment assumes compliance with the parameters of optimistic attribution of life events described in the works of M. Seligman (personalization parameters/locus of control, stability/constancy, and generalization). The novelty lies in application of the method of forecasting the impact of various pedagogical remarks on the psychological state od a student, taking into account the attribution parameters characteristic to state of learned helplessness. The obtained results demonstrate the most common remarks of the pedagogue strengthen the pessimistic style of explaining the success and failures of students, namely students in the state of learned helplessness, and entail the low level of motivation to learning.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128042423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of cooperation in vocational education","authors":"N. Avdeeva, Tatiana Ivanovna Aravina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37656","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is devoted to the scientific and applied research of the practice of improving vocational education in higher education institutions in cooperation of participants in relations in the field of education. The methods of interdisciplinary analysis of literature and normative legal documents, the method of analysis of pedagogical experience, general scientific methods of systematization, generalization, comparison, classification were applied. New programs of higher professional education have been developed and are being implemented to prepare bachelors and masters in the field of Linguistics at the Department of Foreign Languages of Professional Communication of Vladimir State University in cooperation with partner organizations based on the provisions of domestic pedagogy of cooperation enshrined in modern legislation. The current professional competencies of bachelors of the direction 45.03.02 - Linguistics, developed in accordance with the labor functions of the professional standard 04.015 \"Specialist in translation\", are presented. Indicators of their achievement are structured according to the skill levels indicated by the professional community. Particular importance is attached to the relevance of designing individual educational routes of students. A route model is proposed, which is based on various forms of development of cooperation in the field of vocational education in higher education. The results of the study show the need to develop cooperation that takes into account the interests and needs of all subjects of educational activity. In the practice of the department, it is implemented through joint training of bachelors with employers, obtaining additional qualifications by them, continuing their studies in a master's degree with the prospect of pedagogical activity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130017765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostics of digital competencies of the pedagogue","authors":"R. Asadullin, A. Dorofeev, I. Levina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37153","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines the development of digital competencies of the pedagogue and presents the toolset for their assessment and self-assessment. The subject of this research is the process of detecting digital competencies of the pedagogue. An attempt is made to structure the key indicators of the formation of digital competencies of the pedagogue and conduct their level differentiation. The author provides the matrix of the development of digital competencies, which may become a benchmark for the competent control over student’s learning activity in digital educational space. Such matrix serves as the theoretical model for detecting the level of formation of IT-competencies of the pedagogue in the conditions of rural and ungraded schools. The three levels of the development of digital competencies are presented therein. In their professional development, the pedagogue undergoes the three stages, which can designated as “Application – Adaptation – Elaboration”. This indicates the three levels of development IT- competencies of the pedagogue implemented in the following types of professional activity: work with information resources; control over the learning, upbringing and developmental processes; elaboration of electronic educational materials, creation of educational environment, and countering destructive trends on the Internet; self-management of professional development of the pedagogue. The criteria are formulated in accordance with the highlighted types of professional activity of the pedagogue. The level of development IT-competencies is detected through the analysis of pedagogical situations, when the pedagogue must choose one of three behavioral strategies that are associated related with the general use, general pedagogical, and subject-methodical competency respectively. The article is prepared within the framework of the state task of the Ministry of Education No. 073-03-2021-015 / 2 of July 21, 2021 for the implementation of research works (on the topic “Research and development of methodical recommendations on the use of modern digital and Internet technologies on the example of rural and ungraded schools in the context of ensuring quality educational process (the online format of implementation is offered)”.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"13 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116809164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The bridge above the steep: on the fate of spiritual heritage of the white émigré in modern Russia","authors":"S. Skorokhodova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2022.1.37317","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is dedicates to the problem of spiritual continuity of generations, the solution of which allows extrapolating our future. It is claimed that the descendants of white émigré are a thin bridge across the historical rift that separates us from the prerevolutionary Russia, the objective markers that are not deformed by the “new incubatory ideology”. The author reveals the spiritual grounds of the life of the Eastern Russian diaspora in different historical periods based on communication with M. P. Taut, a former repatriate from Harbin, involving the documents from her personal archive, publications from journals and newspapers published by the descendants of white émigré at the present time. The key research principle lies in reference to the historical sources. It is substantiated that the restoration of intergenerational link prompts the progress in terms of preservation of the centuries-old values of the Russian civilization and openness to the technological modernization of the XXI century. The author believes that in the era of the oncoming Western globalism, which threatens the national identity and historical integrity of Russia, it is crucial to build the own path of development, adopting the experience of survival and spiritual heritage of the Russian world abroad. The conclusion is made on the need for active study of the documents from the personal archives of the descendants of repatriates, as they are the reservoir of life experience and the source of national self-cognition. \u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122576526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}