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The Rhetorical Dynamics of Gender Harassment On-Line 网络性别骚扰的修辞动态
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128466
S. Herring
{"title":"The Rhetorical Dynamics of Gender Harassment On-Line","authors":"S. Herring","doi":"10.1080/019722499128466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128466","url":null,"abstract":"This article compares two extended interactions that took place recently on the Internet, one from a recreational Internet Relay Chat (IRC)channel, and the other from an academic listserv discussion group. The two interactions exhibit similar gender dynamics, which can be characterized as harassment of female by male participants. This harassment takes different forms, in keeping with the possibilities inherent in the two modes of computer-mediated communication. Whereas female participants on IRC are kicked off the channel, in the discussion group harassers must rely exclusively on language to intimidate and silence. This \"rhetoric of harassment\" crucially invokes libertarian principles of freedom of expression, constructing women's resistance as \"censorship.\" A rhetorical analysis of the two harassment episodes thus sheds light on the means used to construct and maintain asymmetrical gender and power dynamics in different modes of CMC.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132490008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 206
Representing Bodies in Virtual Space: The Rhetoric of Avatar Design 在虚拟空间中表现身体:化身设计的修辞
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128484
B. Kolko
{"title":"Representing Bodies in Virtual Space: The Rhetoric of Avatar Design","authors":"B. Kolko","doi":"10.1080/019722499128484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128484","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the rhetorical aspects of avatars, or virtual selves, within multiuser graphical virtual realities (GVRs). In both text-based and graphical virtual worlds, users are represented in the world by discursive or visual avatars. Because the manner in which users in a synchronous shared environment are represented affects how they are able to communicate, the design of an avatar affects the communicative possibilities within a virtual world. This essay examines the development of GVRs in order to question how representations of selves in these newer versions of cyberspace relate to on-linecommunication. The focus here is particularly on how bodies in GVRs are gendered, and how differing modes of gender inscription might affect online interaction. Ultimately, GVRs raise the issue of how the visual affects the verbal when both are mediated by technology.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122647840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 78
The Gendered Interactional Patterns of Computer-Mediated Chatrooms: A Critical Ethnographic Study 电脑聊天室的性别互动模式:一项批判性人种志研究
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128475
Charles Soukup
{"title":"The Gendered Interactional Patterns of Computer-Mediated Chatrooms: A Critical Ethnographic Study","authors":"Charles Soukup","doi":"10.1080/019722499128475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128475","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the gendered discourse of social-based computer-mediated contexts. Specifically, the critical ethnography explicates the patterns of discourse of both a sports-related (masculine-dominated) chatroom and a female-based (feminine-dominated) chatroom. Through the participant observations, the researcher discovered that traditionally masculine and feminine forms of discourse dominate the chatrooms. Furthermore, the groups constructed and maintained normative forms of behavior. Masculine participants were aggressive, argumentative, and power oriented. While feminine participants sought relationships and intimacy, they were often dominated and overpowered by the aggressive discourse of the masculine members. The findings have significant implications for the construction of gender in cyberspace, the normative behavior of computer-mediated communication, and power and gender in the use of technology.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129459956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 91
Assessing Anonymous Communication on the Internet: Policy Deliberations 评估互联网上的匿名通信:政策审议
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128547
R. Kling, Ya-Ching Lee, A. Teich, M. Frankel
{"title":"Assessing Anonymous Communication on the Internet: Policy Deliberations","authors":"R. Kling, Ya-Ching Lee, A. Teich, M. Frankel","doi":"10.1080/019722499128547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128547","url":null,"abstract":"Anonymous communication on the Internet offers new opportunities but has ill-understood risks. This article helps to ground the policy debates by examining some fundamental aspects of anonymous social behavior and current controversies over anonymous communications. It is a companion to the article in this issue, \"Anonymous Communication Policies for the Internet: Results and Recommendations of the AAAS Conference.\" It examines the social character of anonymous communication and the ways that anonymous communication has played important roles for professionals such as journalists and the police. It also explains some of the new technological supports for anonymous communication on the Internet. The openness, decentralization, and transnational character of the Internet challenge the efficacy of traditional control mechanisms and have raised issues related to accountability, law enforcement, security and privacy, governmental empowerment, and e-commerce. Yet, to ban or restrict all anonymous communication ...","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"5 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123266984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 68
The Meaning of Anonymity in an Information Age 信息时代匿名的意义
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128592
H. Nissenbaum
{"title":"The Meaning of Anonymity in an Information Age","authors":"H. Nissenbaum","doi":"10.1080/019722499128592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128592","url":null,"abstract":"Quel est le sens de l'anonymat a l'heure de l'ere electronique et de l'information en surabondance ? C'est ce que se propose d'approfondir, sous forme de reflexion personnelle, l'auteur de cet article.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122536219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 128
Information Privacy in the Marketspace: Implications for the Commercial Uses of Anonymity on the Web 市场空间中的信息隐私:对网络匿名商业用途的影响
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128583
D. Hoffman, T. Novak, M. Peralta
{"title":"Information Privacy in the Marketspace: Implications for the Commercial Uses of Anonymity on the Web","authors":"D. Hoffman, T. Novak, M. Peralta","doi":"10.1080/019722499128583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128583","url":null,"abstract":"While there is no question that the commercial development of the World Wide Web is still in its infancy and growing rapidly, this development faces a serious barrier to ultimate commercialization. In this article we develop the argument that the primary barrier to the successful commercial development of the Web is the current lack of consumer trust in this new commercial medium. This lack of trust is engendered primarily by the industry's documented failure to respond satisfactorily to mounting consumer concerns over information privacy in electronic, networked environments. We examine how such concerns are affecting the growth and development of consumer-oriented commercial activity on the World Wide Web and investigate the implications of these concerns for potential industry response. In the short run, the commercial development of the Web depends on giving consumers the opportunity to be anonymous when engaging in information exchanges and online transactions. Ultimately, however, commercial Web pro...","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130700059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 332
Internet Anonymity in Contexts 背景下的互联网匿名性
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128600
Christina Allen
{"title":"Internet Anonymity in Contexts","authors":"Christina Allen","doi":"10.1080/019722499128600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128600","url":null,"abstract":"La politique de l'anonymat dans les communications electroniques est necessaire a chacun pour preserver sa vie privee, ses activites, sa vie sociale. Dans cet article, l'auteur essaye d'approfondir le balancement entre le droit individuel et les droits communs. Tout depend du contexte et des informations divulguees.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"25 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114034439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Anonymous Communication Policies for the Internet: Results and Recommendations of the AAAS Conference 互联网的匿名通信策略:AAAS会议的结果和建议
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128538
A. Teich, M. Frankel, R. Kling, Ya-Ching Lee
{"title":"Anonymous Communication Policies for the Internet: Results and Recommendations of the AAAS Conference","authors":"A. Teich, M. Frankel, R. Kling, Ya-Ching Lee","doi":"10.1080/019722499128538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128538","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet offers new opportunities for anonymous and pseudonymous communications. Users can, for example, engage in political advocacy, receive counseling, and perform commercial transactions without disclosing their identities. The cloak of anonymity can also facilitate socially unacceptable or criminal activities because of the difficulty in holding anonymous users accountable. This article reports the results of a conference on anonymous communication organized by the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Among the findings were that online anonymous communication is morally neutral; that it should be considered a strong human and constitutional right; that online communities should be allowed to set their own policies on the use of anonymous communication; and that individuals should be informed about the extent to which their identity is disclosed online. The article discusses how anonymous communications can be shaped by the law, education, and public awareness, and highlights the ...","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122428747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 71
Technology for Anonymity: Names by other Nyms 匿名技术:由其他名字命名
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128556
P. Wayner
{"title":"Technology for Anonymity: Names by other Nyms","authors":"P. Wayner","doi":"10.1080/019722499128556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128556","url":null,"abstract":"This document provides a summary of some of the technical solutions for producing anonymous communication on the Internet and presents an argument that anonymity is as much a part of crime prevention as requiring people to provide their names.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134560233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
What's in a Name? Some Reflections on the Sociology of Anonymity 名字里有什么?关于匿名社会学的一些思考
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128565
G. Marx
{"title":"What's in a Name? Some Reflections on the Sociology of Anonymity","authors":"G. Marx","doi":"10.1080/019722499128565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128565","url":null,"abstract":"To paraphrase Mark Twain, reports of either the recent death or coming dominance of anonymity have been greatly exaggerated. This article is a beginning effort to lay out some of the conceptual landscape needed to better understand anonymity and identifiability in contemporary life. I suggest seven types of identity knowledge, involving legal name, location, symbols linked and not linked back to these through intermediaries, distinctive appearance and behavior patterns, social categorization, and certification via knowledge or artifacts. I identify a number of major rationales and contexts for anonymity (free flow of communication, protection, experimentation) and identifiability (e.g., accountability, reciprocity, eligibility) and suggest a principle of truth in the nature of naming , which holds that those who use pseudonyms on the Internet in personal communications have an obligation to indicate they are doing so. I also suggest 13 procedural questions to guide the development and assessment of any in...","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132241011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 253
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