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The World System of International Monetary Flows: A Network Analysis 国际货币流动的世界体系:一个网络分析
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128655
Joseph Salisbury, G. Barnett
{"title":"The World System of International Monetary Flows: A Network Analysis","authors":"Joseph Salisbury, G. Barnett","doi":"10.1080/019722499128655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128655","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of the global service economy has altered the flows of information and capital among the world's nations. Electronic international banking networks now provide the economic infrastructure for the ''global village'' as millions of financial transactions are processed daily. This article describes the world system based on the financial transactions of an international credit card network. Using transaction data from the third quarter of 1995, a network analysis produced structural findings similar to those found for the international telecommunications and trade networks. These results indicate that the world's monetary flow system is composed of a single group with the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, and Canada at the core and the former members of the Eastern Block and less developed countries at the periphery. Additionally, a number of nations are marginal in the network with only a single link to a core member of the network.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"48 1-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120928322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
A Framework for Electronic Coordination in the Air Cargo Market 航空货运市场的电子协调架构
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128664
Stefan Reinheimer, F. Bodendorf
{"title":"A Framework for Electronic Coordination in the Air Cargo Market","authors":"Stefan Reinheimer, F. Bodendorf","doi":"10.1080/019722499128664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128664","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing need for faster, cheaper, and better logistical service has brought forwarders, carriers, and related services such as customs, banks, and handling companies closer together. This suggests a need to adjust coordination mechanisms. Neoclassical theory considers market-oriented coordination superior to hierarchic if the necessary information and communication can be handled. Since these tasks can be taken over by software instead of human agents, basic requirements seem to be fulfilled. This article outlines how market orientation can be realized in the field of air freight by applying easily accessible communication infrastructures and by considering qualitative aspects in price-finding mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126815896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Internet and Ethnic Press: A Study of Electronic Chinese Publications 互联网与民族新闻:电子中文出版物研究
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128646
Kewen Zhang, H. Xiaoming
{"title":"The Internet and Ethnic Press: A Study of Electronic Chinese Publications","authors":"Kewen Zhang, H. Xiaoming","doi":"10.1080/019722499128646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128646","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the roles of on-line publications in promoting ethnic communication. Through a case study of the on-line Chinese language publications, it examines the potentials of such publications in supplementing and expanding the functions of the traditional ethnic media, strengthening cultural and communal ties of the ethnic groups, and mobilizing them for action The authors argue that in the age of cyberspace, the role of ethnic media in fortifying the cultural traits of ethnic immigrants is expected to be further strengthened. As a result, ethnic groups are more likely to be assimilated into the mainstream culture without losing their own cultural roots and ethnic identity.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128438186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Can the "Next Generation Internet" Effectively Support "Ordinary Citizens"? “下一代互联网”能否有效支持“普通公民”?
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128673
R. Kling
{"title":"Can the \"Next Generation Internet\" Effectively Support \"Ordinary Citizens\"?","authors":"R. Kling","doi":"10.1080/019722499128673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128673","url":null,"abstract":"L'Internet-deuxieme generation, voulue par le president Clinton, ne pourra pas s'adresser effectivement aux citoyens ordinaires, a cause- mais ce n'est pas la seule cause- de la complexite de la technologie. C'est pourquoi il serait necessaire de prevoir un budget important pour des recherches en matiere sociale","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133865164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 65
Home Computers and School Performance 家用电脑和学校表现
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128628
P. Attewell, Juan Battle
{"title":"Home Computers and School Performance","authors":"P. Attewell, Juan Battle","doi":"10.1080/019722499128628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128628","url":null,"abstract":"This article assesses the effects of home computers on school performance, and examines inequalities in educational payoff among those children who have home computers. We find that having a home computer is associated with higher test scores in mathematics and reading, even after controlling for family income and for cultural and social capital. However, children from high socioeconomic status (SES) homes achieve larger educational gains from home computers than do lower SES children. Boys' performance advantage is larger than girls'. Ethnic minorities gain far less of a performance boost than whites. Home computing may generate another ''Sesame Street effect'' whereby an innovation that held great promise for poorer children to catch up educationally with more affluent children is in practice increasing the educational gap between affluent and poor, between boys and girls, and between ethnic minorities and whites, even among those with access to the technology.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128573495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 337
Sovereignty, Globalism, and Information Flow in Complex Emergencies 主权、全球化和复杂紧急情况下的信息流
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1999-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722499128637
Rebecca Knuth
{"title":"Sovereignty, Globalism, and Information Flow in Complex Emergencies","authors":"Rebecca Knuth","doi":"10.1080/019722499128637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128637","url":null,"abstract":"Because of rapid developments in information technology, abuses of sovereignty by authoritarian governments have received much publicity in recent years, raising public consciousness of massive human rights violations to new levels. Contributing to the dialogue on the influence of information technology on social systems, this article explores (1) the contested role of information in disaster relief efforts, (2) the clash of political and social values emerging from the use of information within the international community's involvement in high-profile crises, such as those in Somalia, Bosnia, and Rwanda, and (3) the resultant rethinking of government's power within national borders, sovereignty. With life-anddeath stakes, international affirmation of a free flow of information during disasters is emerging as a global human rights mandate.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121231169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
The Network Paradigm: Social Formations in the Age of Information 网络范式:信息时代的社会形态
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1998-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722498128755
F. Stalder
{"title":"The Network Paradigm: Social Formations in the Age of Information","authors":"F. Stalder","doi":"10.1080/019722498128755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722498128755","url":null,"abstract":"Manuel Castells’ The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture (1996, 1997 and 1998) is unrivaled in ambition: to make sense of the global social dynamics as they arise out of a myriad of changes around the world. It is a cross-cultural analysis of the major social, economic and political transformations at the end of this century. It is presented through interrelated empirical case studies whose number and variety are truly enormous–the bibliography alone fills 120 pages–and threatens to overwhelm the reader at times. Nevertheless, the trilogy is prodigious and sets a new standard against which all future meta-accounts of the Information Society will be measured. It will be indispensable reading for anyone interested in a grand narrative of the present.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125465745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 43
Privacy in the Marketplace 市场中的私隐
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1998-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722498128700
C. Hine, J. Eve
{"title":"Privacy in the Marketplace","authors":"C. Hine, J. Eve","doi":"10.1080/019722498128700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722498128700","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports on a series of in-depth interviews with UK consumers about shopping, which served to investigate their views on the collection and use of consumers' personal information by commercial organizations. The interviews were used to analyze consumers' constructions of privacy infringement. No single type of information was found to count as personal in all situations. Rather, privacy infringement was constructed as a situated account. This ''situated privacy'' depended upon the visibility of a mediating technology; the perceived legitimacy of information requests; the representation of intrusion or disruption of legitimate activity; perceived imbalances of power and control; and representations of the social context. By focusing on the daily activity of shopping instead of asking direct questions about privacy, we found that privacy concerns were rarely independently raised by interviewees as an important feature in making decisions about purchasing. However, almost all of those interviewed...","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125678262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 77
The Distribution of Privacy Risks: Who Needs Protection? 隐私风险的分布:谁需要保护?
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1998-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722498128719
C. Raab, Colin J. Bennett
{"title":"The Distribution of Privacy Risks: Who Needs Protection?","authors":"C. Raab, Colin J. Bennett","doi":"10.1080/019722498128719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722498128719","url":null,"abstract":"It is commonly accepted that the use of personal information in business and government puts individual privacy at risk. However, little is known about these risks-for instance, whether and how they can be measured, and how they vary across social groups and the sectors in which personal data are used. Unless we can gain a purchase on such issues, our knowledge of the societal effects of information technology and systems will remain deficient, and the ability to make and implement better policies for privacy protection, and perhaps for a more equitable distribution of risk and protection, will remain impaired. The article explores this topic, examining conventional paradigms in data protection, including the one-dimensional view of the ''data subject,'' that inhibit better conceptualizations and practices. It looks at some comparative survey evidence that casts light on the question of the distribution of privacy risks and concerns. It examines theoretical issues in the literature on risk, raising questi...","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130402816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 78
Places and Spaces: The Historical Interaction of Technology, Home, and Privacy 地点与空间:技术、家与隐私的历史互动
Inf. Soc. Pub Date : 1998-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/019722498128728
S. Shapiro
{"title":"Places and Spaces: The Historical Interaction of Technology, Home, and Privacy","authors":"S. Shapiro","doi":"10.1080/019722498128728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722498128728","url":null,"abstract":"While recent developments in information and communication technologies have produced heightened concern over privacy issues, technology and privacy have a long history of interaction. The home has served as a key locus for this interaction. By distinguishing inside from outside, the home supports the allocation of particular behaviors and information to different areas, both physical and virtual. This article explores how different technologies, including structural elements, have affected and reflected over time the boundary represented by the home and how that boundary has helped shape the construction of privacy in the West. This illustrates how privacy might be conceptualized as a social condition arising from the interaction of various boundaries, including the principal one separating the public and the private.","PeriodicalId":259468,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Soc.","volume":"4688 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128127624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 56
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