Zhitong Cui, Shuhong Wang, Junxian Li, Shijian Luo, Alexandra Ion
{"title":"MiuraKit: A Modular Hands-On Construction Kit For Pneumatic Shape-Changing And Robotic Interfaces","authors":"Zhitong Cui, Shuhong Wang, Junxian Li, Shijian Luo, Alexandra Ion","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596108","url":null,"abstract":"Building shape-changing, robotic or deployable interfaces is notoriously difficult, often requiring fabrication skills or specialized hardware. We present a construction kit for novice users to enable immediate hands-on exploration of custom shape-changing or robotic structures through pneumatically actuated origami tubes. Our construction kit consists of generic origami actuators that can be combined with our connectors to result in a variety of shapes and motions. Our novel connectors support simple mechanical connections through snap fits and pneumatic configurations through plugs. To assist users in designing and previewing complex deformations, we provide a design tool that generates control code for user-defined designs. We envision that our construction kit will facilitate creativity support tasks (e.g. product design) or education. We demonstrate the capabilities of our construction kit with three application examples and a series of objects created during our co-creation study with novice users.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128058417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automation transparency: Designing an external HMI for autonomous passenger ferries in urban waterways","authors":"Vedran Simic, O. Alsos","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596130","url":null,"abstract":"Automation transparency – the visibility of responsibilities, capabilities, goals, activities, and effects of autonomous systems – is not only important for the operator, but also relevant for other humans in the system's environment. This pictorial investigates current trends in the development of External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) and highlights the most important factors for designing eHMIs. Further, it explores automation transparency for a self-driving passenger ferry for urban waterborne transport and how it can communicate messages about the system's perceptions, current state and future intention to nearby ships and bystanders through an eHMI. As a result of a user-centred design process, we propose a unique eHMI design making an urban autonomous passenger ferry capable of expressing its state and intention to nearby ships and humans via displays, light, and moving panels. The results of this paper can inform designers of the importance of automation transparency for autonomous waterborne transport systems.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"245 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132185789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steffen Haesler, Marc Wendelborn, Christian Reuter
{"title":"Getting the Residents’ Attention: The Perception of Warning Channels in Smart Home Warning Systems","authors":"Steffen Haesler, Marc Wendelborn, Christian Reuter","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596076","url":null,"abstract":"About half a billion households are expected to use smart home systems by 2025. Although many IoT sensors, such as smoke detectors or security cameras, are available and governmental crisis warning systems are in place, little is known about how to warn appropriately in smart home environments. We created a Raspberry Pi based prototype with a speaker, a display, and a connected smart light bulb. Together with a focus group, we developed a taxonomy for warning messages in smart home environments, dividing them into five classes with different stimuli. We evaluated the taxonomy using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) in a field study at participants’ (N = 13) homes testing 331 warnings. The results show that taxonomy-based warning stimuli are perceived to be appropriate and participants could imagine using such a warning system. We propose a deeper integration of warning capabilities into smart home environments to enhance the safety of citizens.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"355 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134323923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nur Yildirim, C. Oh, Deniz Sayar, Kayla Brand, Supritha Challa, Violet Turri, Nina Crosby Walton, Anna Elise Wong, J. Forlizzi, James Mccann, J. Zimmerman
{"title":"Creating Design Resources to Scaffold the Ideation of AI Concepts","authors":"Nur Yildirim, C. Oh, Deniz Sayar, Kayla Brand, Supritha Challa, Violet Turri, Nina Crosby Walton, Anna Elise Wong, J. Forlizzi, James Mccann, J. Zimmerman","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596058","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in artificial intelligence have enabled unprecedented technical capabilities, yet making these advances useful in the real world remains challenging. We engaged in a Research through Design process to improve the ideation of AI products and services. We developed a design resource capturing AI capabilities based on 40 AI features commonly used across various domains. To probe its usefulness, we created a set of slides illustrating AI capabilities and asked designers to ideate AI-enabled user experiences. We also incorporated capabilities into our own design process to brainstorm concepts with domain experts and data scientists. Our research revealed that designers should focus on innovations where moderate AI performance creates value. We reflect on our process and discuss research implications for creating and assessing resources to systematically explore AI’s problem-solution space.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134083586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attachment-Informed Design: Digital Interventions That Build Self-Worth, Relationships, and Community in Support of Mental Health","authors":"Gabriela Marcu, Jina Huh-Yoo","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596009","url":null,"abstract":"The design of digital interventions for mental health often overlooks the foundational belief in one’s own self-worth and related ability to develop close relationships with others. Attachment theory explains these interpersonal aspects, which have long been associated with positive mental health outcomes such as resilience when faced with adversity. We report on generative interviews with mentors experienced in supporting youth, as part of design work initiated by community leaders concerned about the traumatic effects of gun violence and systemic racism on local youth. These community leaders wanted to extend their existing mentoring efforts through digital technology. We identified attachment theory as the best fit for helping us understand how mentors are addressing trauma among youth, in ways that can inform how we design in support of these relationships and communities. We introduce attachment-informed design as a set of design principles that represent a novel approach to digital mental health interventions.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130326444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relevance, Effort, and Perceived Quality: Language Learners’ Experiences with AI-Generated Contextually Personalized Learning Material","authors":"Fiona Draxler, Albrecht Schmidt, Lewis L. Chuang","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596112","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence has enabled scalable auto-creation of context-aware personalized learning materials. However, it remains unclear how content personalization shapes the learners’ experience. We developed one personalized and two non-personalized, crowdsourced versions of a mobile language learning app: (1) with personalized auto-generated photo flashcards, (2) the same flashcards provided through crowdsourcing, and (3) manually generated flashcards based on the same photos. A two-week in-situ study (n = 64) showed that learners assessed the quality of the non-personalized auto-generated material to be on par with manually generated material, which means that auto-generation is viable. However, when the auto-generation was personalized, the learners’ quality rating was significantly lower. Further analyses suggest that aspects such as prior expectations and required efforts must be addressed before learners can actually benefit from context-aware personalization with auto-generated material. We discuss design implications and provide an outlook on the role of content personalization in AI-supported learning.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"349 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125628528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cofee Grounds, Michael L. Rivera, S. Bae, S. Hudson
{"title":"Designing a Sustainable Material for 3D Printing with Spent Coffee Grounds","authors":"Cofee Grounds, Michael L. Rivera, S. Bae, S. Hudson","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3595983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3595983","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread adoption of 3D printers exacerbates existing environmental challenges as these machines increase energy consumption, waste output, and the use of plastics. Material choice for 3D printing is tightly connected to these challenges, and as such researchers and designers are exploring sustainable alternatives. Building on these efforts, this work explores using spent coffee grounds as a sustainable material for prototyping with 3D printing. This material, in addition to being compostable and recyclable, can be easily made and printed at home. We describe the material in detail, including the process of making it from readily available ingredients, its material characteristics and its printing parameters. We then explore how it can support sustainable prototyping practices as well as HCI applications. In reflecting on our design process, we discuss challenges and opportunities for the HCI community to support sustainable prototyping and personal fabrication. We conclude with a set of design considerations for others to weigh when exploring sustainable materials for 3D printing and prototyping.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124583185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wear Your Heart on Your Sleeve: Using Digital Knitting Machines to Craft Wearable Biodata Portraits","authors":"L. Jones, Greta Grip, Sara Nabil","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596007","url":null,"abstract":"Biofeedback sensors that measure body signals, such as heart rate, are often used for bodily awareness and behavioural change. In contrast, for this project, we wanted to use body sensor data as an artistic resource to craft wearable textile portraits as mementos of a moment in time. During the pandemic, we conducted a user study to design knitted biodata portraits. We met up individually with 20 participants to measure their heart rate, and translated that data into digitally-designed aesthetic patterns for machine knitting. Using a hacked knitting machine, we fabricated these patterns to create 20 personalized wearable shrugs to enable individuals to “wear their heart on their sleeve”. Two years later, when it was safe to do so, we conducted 2 studio workshops with participants, followed by 10 individual interviews. Our qualitative study insights reveal how individuals felt about seeing their own biodata, and the biodata of others, as aesthetic machine-knitted wearables with perceived precious value and attachment.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132765991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Neural Network-based Low-cost Soft Sensor for Touch Recognition and Deformation Capture","authors":"Yifan Fan, N. Pietroni, Sam Ferguson","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3595963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3595963","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a novel, cost-effective soft sensor capable of detecting contact force, multiple touch points, and reflecting sensor interaction in real-time with a 3D virtual surface representation. Our fabrication process has been optimized for cost efficiency through careful material selection, utilization of automated machinery, and low-cost hardware. The sensor can be easily replicated without the need for complex laboratory equipment. The sensor employs trained neural network models for real-time signal translation into localization, force measurement, and deformation mapping. We have also developed an efficient data collection system that captures accurate 2D localization, force measurement, and 3D surface data to generate a high-quality pre-validated data set. This data set is filtered using prior knowledge before being fed to two neural network models. Our interactive prototype demonstrates the stability and accuracy of the low-cost soft sensor, delivering reliable results in both single-point and multi-point contact scenarios.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"52 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121015074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Narges Ashtari, Ryan Mullins, Crystal Qian, James Wexler, Ian Tenney, Mahima Pushkarna
{"title":"From Discovery to Adoption: Understanding the ML Practitioners’ Interpretability Journey","authors":"Narges Ashtari, Ryan Mullins, Crystal Qian, James Wexler, Ian Tenney, Mahima Pushkarna","doi":"10.1145/3563657.3596046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596046","url":null,"abstract":"Models are interpretable when machine learning (ML) practitioners can readily understand the reasoning behind their predictions. Ironically, little is known about the ML practitioners’ experience of discovering and adopting novel interpretability techniques in production settings. In a qualitative study with 18 practitioners at a large technology company working with text data, we found that despite varied tasks, practitioners experienced nearly identical challenges related to interpretability methods in model analysis workflows. These stem from problem formulation, the social nature of interpretability investigations, and non-standard practices in cross-functional organizational contexts. A follow-up examination of early-stage design probes with seven practitioners suggests that self-reported experts are “perpetual intermediates”, who can benefit from regular, responsive, and in-situ education about interpretability methods across workflows, regardless of prior experience with models, analysis tools, or interpretability techniques. From these findings, we emphasize the need for multi-stage support for learning of interpretability methods for real-world NLP applications.","PeriodicalId":259076,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115079466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}