ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Sustainability Assessment of Aviation Fuel Blends","authors":"Cherie Gambino, T. Reddy","doi":"10.1115/es2021-60617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-60617","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Stakeholders in the aviation industry committed to a goal of 50% reduction in carbon emissions by the year 2050, to be achieved by reducing emissions 1.5% each year from 2020 onwards. There are multiple pathways to achieve this goal however; with, the most promising technology being Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF), which are biofuels blended with kerosene. As the industry shifts towards SAF, it is important to evaluate these fuels in terms of their long-term sustainability, and this is the objective of the current study. Sixteen types of fuels were assessed which include fossil, natural gas, electric, and SAF. A Multi Criterion Decision Making methodology was adopted which considers three categories, namely environmental, economic, and social aspects which in turn are broken up into 8 indicators in all (such as ecological footprints, cost of transportation, investment cost, operating costs, employment generation, and health & safety). A Monte Carlo analysis was also performed to analyze sensitivity of the results to the weights attributed to the three categories. The most sustainable fuel was found to be Hydrogen, with a score of 0.91 out of 1.0. The least sustainable were determined to be the military kerosene-based fuels (with the experimental fuel JP-8 + 100LT being the poorest with a normalized score of 0.50).","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124781288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Lab-Scale, Heat Exchanger Prototypes Designed to Provide Refugia for Trout","authors":"Rajib Uddin Rony, A. Gladen, Sarah Lavallie, J. Kientz","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63934","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years Spring Creek in South Dakota, a popular fishing location, has been experiencing higher surface water temperatures, which negatively impact cold-water trout species. One potential solution is to provide localized refugia of colder water produced via active cooling. The present work focuses on the design and testing of a small-scale prototype heat exchanger, for such a cooling system. Various prototypes of the heat exchanger were tested in a 1/10th-scaled model of a section of the creek. A staggered, tube-bundle heat exchanger was used. The prototypes consisted of just the heat exchanger placed directly in the scaled-stream model and of the heat exchanger placed inside an enclosure with an aperture. The results show that, without the enclosure, the average temperature difference is 0.64 °C, with a corresponding heat transfer requirement of 1.63 kW/°C of cooling. However, with an enclosure, the average temperature difference is 1.95 °C, which required 0.59 kW/°C of cooling. Modifications to the enclosure decrease the average temperature difference but also decrease the standard deviation of the temperature difference. Thus, the cooling effect is more evenly spread throughout the water in the enclosure. This indicates that the enclosure design can be used to balance the requirements of obtaining a desired temperature difference with a relatively low spatial variation in that temperature difference. These results will be used to guide the design of the large-scale heat exchanger prototype.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124147529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility Study of Refuelling Infrastructure for Compressed Hydrogen Gas Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Trucks in Canada","authors":"W. Yaïci, M. Longo","doi":"10.1115/es2021-62480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-62480","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In view of serious environmental problems occurring around the world and in particular climate change caused significantly by dangerous CO2 emissions into the biosphere in the developmental process, it has become imperative to identify alternative and cleaner sources of energy. It is now indisputable that there cannot be sustained development or meaningful growth without a commitment to preserve the environment. Compressed hydrogen is being considered as a potential fuel for heavy-duty applications because it will possibly substantially reduce toxic greenhouse gas emissions. The cost of hydrogen will be a main element in the acceptance of compressed hydrogen internal combustion vehicles in the marketplace since of its effect on the levelized cost of driving. The cost of hydrogen at the pump is determined by its production cost, which is mainly a function of the feedstock and process utilised, the distribution cost and the refuelling station cost.\u0000 This paper investigates the feasibility of implementing a nationwide network of hydrogen refuelling infrastructure in order to accommodate a conversion of Canada’s long-haul, heavy-duty truck fleet from diesel fuel to hydrogen. This initiative is taken in order to reduce vehicle emissions and support Canada’s commitments to the climate plans supporting active transportation infrastructure, together with new transit infrastructure, and zero emission vehicles.\u0000 Two methods, Constant Traffic and Variable Traffic, along with data about hydrogen infrastructure and vehicles, were developed to estimate fuelling requirements for Canada’s long-haul, heavy-duty truck fleet. Furthermore, a thorough economic study was conducted on various test cases to evaluate how diverse variables affects the final selling price of hydrogen. This provided insight with the understanding of what factors go into pricing hydrogen and if it can compete against diesel in the trucking market.\u0000 Results revealed that the cost to purchase hydrogen is the greatest factor in the pump price of hydrogen. Due to the variability in hydrogen production, however, there is no precise cost, which makes predictions difficult. Moreover, it was found that the pump price of hydrogen is, on average, 239% more expensive than diesel fuel.\u0000 Future work should concentrate on the costs and logistics of high-capacity hydrogen refuelling stations, which is required to deliver fuel to a fleet of long-haul, heavy-duty trucks. A breakdown of hydrogen production costs, with regard to the Canadian landscape and the requirements of a long-haul, heavy-duty truck fleet, may possibly give further accurate predictions of those made in this study.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131227733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluttering Amplitude Amplification by Utilizing Flapping Moment in Flutter-Driven Triboelectric Nanogenerator","authors":"Yi Zhang, K. Chan, S. Fu, C. Chao","doi":"10.1115/es2021-62501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-62501","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Flutter-driven triboelectric nanogenerator (FTENG) is one of the most promising methods to harvest small-scale wind energy. Wind causes self-fluttering motion of a flag in the FTENG to generate electricity by contact electrification. A lot of studies have been conducted to enhance the energy output by increasing the surface charge density of the flag, but only a few researches tried to increase the converting efficiency by enlarging the flapping motion. In this study, we show that by simply replacing the rigid flagpole in the FTENG with a flexible flagpole, the energy conversion efficiency is augmented and the energy output is enhanced. It is found that when the flag flutters, the flagpole also undergoes aerodynamic force. The lift force generated from the fluttering flag applies a periodic rotational moment on the flagpole, and causes the flagpole to vibrate. The vibration of the flagpole, in turn amplifies the flutter of the flag. Both the fluttering dynamics of the flags with rigid and flexible flagpoles have been recorded by a high-speed camera. When the flag was held by a flexible flagpole, the fluttering amplitude and the contact area between the flag and electrode plates were increased. The energy enhancement increased as the flow velocity increased and the enhancement can be 113 times when the wind velocity is 10 m/s. The thickness of the flagpole was investigated. An optimal output of open-circuit voltage reaching 1128 V (peak-to-peak value) or 312.40 V (RMS value), and short-circuit current reaching 127.67 μA (peak-to-peak value) or 31.99 μA (RMS value) at 12.21 m/s flow velocity was achieved. This research presents a simple design to enhance the output performance of an FTENG by amplifying the fluttering amplitude. Based on the performance obtained in this study, the improved FTENG has the potential to apply in a smart city for driving electronic devices as a power source for IoT applications.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121181473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposed Design and Integration of 1.3 MWe Pre-Commercial Demonstration Particle Heating Receiver Based Concentrating Solar Power Plant","authors":"Muhammad Sarfraz, Ryan Yeung, K. Repole, M. Golob, S. Jeter, H. Al-Ansary, A. El-Leathy, Shaker Alaqel, Nader S. Saleh, Rageh S. Saeed, Abdulelah Alswaiyd","doi":"10.1115/es2021-62529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-62529","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Particle heating receiver (PHR) based concentrating solar power (CSP) is widely recognized as the preferred path to reliable and cost-effective solar power. Use of solid particles rather than conventional fluids such as molten salts as collection and storage media, enables the operation of the PHR-based CSP plant at elevated temperatures (∼1000°C). This advantage leads to higher efficiency and lower levelized cost of energy (LCOE) produced by PHR-based CSP plants. However, designing and integrating the commercial solar power plant at high operating temperatures (∼1000°C), is a substantial challenge which has been overcome. Our research teams at King Saud University (KSU) and the Georgia Institute of Technology (GIT) have been working on the design and development of high temperature key sub-systems in PHR-based CSP plants. The proposed 1.3 MWe pre-commercial demonstration (PPCD) plant will incorporate the design evolved from our risk-reducing research activities performed at 300kW test facility at KSU and GIT. The DS-PHR of the PPCD will incorporate the KSU’s patented discrete-structured design in which the receiver will be enclosed in a cavity to minimize radiative and convective heat losses. Each PHR panel will have efficient particle flow control system for uniform particles outlet temperatures. Low-cost particulate materials with enhanced solar absorptance and resilience at high-temperatures have been identified to be used as heat collection and storage media. Inexpensive thermal energy storage (TES) bins will accommodate sand with temperatures ∼ 1000 °C. Multiple layered design of the TES bins will limit the heat loss to less than 1% per day (at scale). The current TES design allows easy access to the high-temperature bins for experimental observation and for future modifications. A patent pending skip hoist particle lift system design will be used for particle conveyance with expected mechanical efficiency of 75–85 %. Our lift design is simple, demonstrates autonomous operation with minimal mechanical complexity, minimized heat loss, and reduced maintenance. The heat exchanger proposed is a multi-pass shell-tubes design with high heat transfer coefficient. The design features discussed in this paper will lead to large scale commercial plants and similar small-scale designs for off-grid and remote applications at our anticipated service location which is in Saudi Arabia, and in Mideast and North Africa (MENA) region.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125793059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Neural Network Based Optimized Control of Condenser Water Temperature Set-Point","authors":"T. Kim, Jong Man Lee, S. Hong, Jongwoo Choi, K. Lee","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63735","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, we developed an artificial neural network-based real-time predictive control and optimization model to compare and analyze the difference in total energy consumption when the condenser water outlet temperature coming out of the cooling tower is fixed and when real-time control of the condenser water outlet temperature through the optimal ANN model is applied. An ANN model was developed through MATLAB’s built-in neural network toolbox functionality to predict total energy consumption. The model accuracy of the ANN was examined by applying Cv(RMSE), a statistical concept that shows the overall accuracy of the predicted values, and as a result, it was found to have a Cv(RMSE) value of approximately 25%. In addition, the predictive control algorithm was able to reduce cooling energy consumption by about 5.6% compared to the conventional control strategy that fix condenser water temperature set-point to constantly 30°C.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121130725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Estimation Model of Incidence Factor of the Thermal Bridge Using In-Situ Measurement Infrared Thermography","authors":"Eun-Gu Kang, H. Lee, Dongsu Kim, Jongho Yoon","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63750","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Practical thermal bridge performance indicators (ITBs) of existing buildings may differ from calculated thermal bridge performance derived theoretically due to actual construction conditions, such as effect of irregular shapes and aging. To fill this gap in a practical manner, more realistic quantitative evaluation of thermal bridge at on-site needs to be considered to identify thermal behaviors throughout exterior walls and thus improve overall insulation performance of buildings. In this paper, the model of a thermal bridge performance indicator is developed based on an in-situ Infrared thermography method, and a case study is then carried out to evaluate thermal performance of an existing exterior wall using the developed model. For the estimation method in this study, the form of the likelihood function is used with the Bayesian method to constantly reflect the measured data. Subsequently, the coefficient of variation is applied to analyze required times for the assumed convergence. Results from the measurement for three days show that thermal bridge under the measurement has more heat losses, including 1.14 times, when compared to the non-thermal bridge. In addition, the results present that it takes about 40 hours to reach 1% of the variation coefficient. Comparison of the ITB estimated at coefficient of variation 1% (40 hours point) with the ITB estimated at end-of-experiment (72 hours point) results in 0.9% of a relative error.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129480759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-Field and Far-Field Sampling of Aerosol Plumes to Evaluate Particulate Emission Rates From a Falling Particle Receiver During On-Sun Testing","authors":"A. Glen, D. Dexheimer, Andres L. Sanchez, C. Ho, S. China, F. Mei, N. Lata","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63466","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 High-temperature falling particle receivers are being investigated for next-generation concentrating solar power applications. Small sand-like particles are released into an open-cavity receiver and are irradiated by concentrated sunlight from a field of heliostats. The particles are heated to temperatures over 700 °C and can be stored to produce heat for electricity generation or industrial applications when needed. As the particles fall through the receiver, particles and particulate fragments in the form of aerosolized dust can be emitted from the aperture, which can lower thermal efficiency, increase costs of particle replacement, and pose a particulate matter (PM) inhalation risk. This paper describes sampling methods that were deployed during on-sun tests to record near-field (several meters) and far-field (tens to hundreds of meters) concentrations of aerosol particles within emitted plumes. The objective was to quantify the particulate emission rates and loss from the falling particle receiver in relation to OSHA and EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Near-field instrumentation placed on the platform in proximity to the receiver aperture included several real-time aerosol size distribution and concentration measurement techniques, including a TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizers (APS), TSI DustTraks, Handix Portable Optical Particle Spectrometers (POPS), Alphasense Optical Particle Counters (OPC), TSI Condensation Particle Counters (CPC), Cascade Particle Impactors, 3D-printed prototype tipping buckets, and meteorological instrumentation. Far-field particle sampling techniques utilized multiple tethered balloons located upwind and downwind of the particle receiver to measure the advected plume concentrations using a suite of airborne aerosol and meteorological instruments including POPS, CPCs, OPCs and cascade impactors. The combined aerosol size distribution for all these instruments spanned particle sizes from 0.02 μm – 500 μm. Results showed a strong influence of wind direction on particle emissions and concentration, with preliminary results showing representative concentrations below both the OSHA and NAAQS standards.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125513030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuel Economy Results From Diesel Engine Tuning for Steady Speed and Drive Cycle Operation","authors":"James Carl M. Satorre, E. Quiros, Jose Gabriel E. Mercado, Paul Rodgers","doi":"10.1115/es2021-62572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-62572","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As part of efforts to mitigate climate change by reducing fuel consumption in the transport sector in the Philippines, this paper presents the initial results of an investigation on the effects of engine tuning on fuel economy for different drive cycles using a commercially available piggyback tuning “chip” to modify fuel rail pressure from stock settings of a CRDI diesel passenger van. The drive cycles used in this study were the Japanese 10-15 Mode, US highway fuel economy test (HWFET), and one labeled “SMN” based on a Metro Manila local route. An initial steady state vehicle fuel economy performance map at five speeds per gear position and stock tuning was obtained from chassis dynamometer tests. The same series of tests were done with the tuning chip’s settings of progressively lower rail pressure to identify the setting giving lowest fuel consumption at each gear. Fuel consumption reduction of up to 47% was observed although not all speeds at a given gear and tuning setting gave reduced values. These lowest fuel settings were applied to corresponding gear positions in each of the selected drive cycles resulting to “specific tuning maps” per drive cycle. The test vehicle was then driven with these drive cycle-specific tuning maps and the fuel economy measured. It was found that overall fuel economy decreased with drive cycle-specific tuning settings.\u0000 It was then decided to try using a constant tuning setting throughout a drive cycle to see if fuel economy improved. Trials with the Japanese 10-15 Mode cycle at different constant lower rail pressure settings likewise gave overall lower fuel economy. However, a more detailed look showed that in the constant-speed portions of the cycle, fuel consumption savings of up to 35% were realized while it worsened in the accelerating and decelerating sections.\u0000 The drive cycle test results indicate that the engine ECU compensated for the lowered rail pressure, maybe with increased injection duration, to increase the amount of fuel injected to meet the road-load requirements imposed by the drive cycle. Control response instabilities may have also contributed to higher fuel consumption. Engine tuning by rail pressure reduction only was most effective in reducing fuel consumption for steady state driving and ineffective for transient driving under the conditions and methodology of this study.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124206284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Design Development, Laboratory Testing, and Optimization of a 6.6 MW-Thermal All-Refractory Particle Heating Receiver","authors":"Ryan Yeung, Muhammad Sarfraz, K. Repole, S. Jeter, Abdulelah Alswaiyd, Shaker Alaqel, A. El-Leathy, H. Al-Ansary","doi":"10.1115/es2021-62902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-62902","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Heat receiver design is an essential portion of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants, particularly within CSP systems that are particle based. Particle based CSP promises higher operating temperatures and more cost-effective thermal energy storage than existing systems. Two general types of Particle Heat Receivers (PHR) are under development, variations of the free-falling curtain concept being developed by Sandia National Labs and an obstructed flow concept being developed by King Saud University (KSU) and Georgia Institute of Technology (GIT)[1, 2]. The obstructed flow design utilizes specifically engineered obstacles placed in the flow path of the particles to remove momentum and kinetic energy and promote lateral and depth-wise mixing. This design is named the discrete structure or DS-PHR. This paper focuses on development and design work that has been done with the existing DS-PHR developed by GIT and KSU. Previous iterations of the DS-PHR have utilized obstruction materials that include simple metal meshes, and ceramic formed into an inverted V-shapes or chevrons. However, these previous designs have some shortfalls. The metallic mesh design has structural integrity issues under intense radiation, inherent in a DS-PHR. The ceramic chevrons have a disadvantageously thick leading edge, which may intercept too much radiation and overheat. Current development has continued with improvements to remedy the issues of the previous design work. Experience, modeling, and testing have shown that a cavity receiver is preferred to reduce heat and particle loss in the system. Recent work has been devoted to developing a Discrete Structure Refractory Particle Heat Receiver (DS-RPHR) suitable for cavity installation working with a north-located field. The simplest suitable configuration is 5 flat ceramic plates, or absorber panels, arranged in an arc, forming a 15° angle of inclination, to improve particle retention in the system. To increase particle residence time, quartz rods are placed onto the back plane of the DS-PHR, in a hexagonal configuration. These serve as the momentum scrubbing obstructions as mentioned above. The performance of this design will be discussed in the following paper. This design has been extensively modeled using NREL’s Soltrace to evaluate thermal and optical performance. Modeling has shown high thermal efficiency in the design, as well as promising heat flux profiles across the receiver. Currently at KSU, a 300 kW-thermal testing facility has been constructed and used for high temperature testing. The final proposed 6.6 MW-thermal design, called the pre-commercial demonstration, will be built at a site owned and operated by Saudi Electric Company, in Waad Al-Shamal, 20 kilometers east of Tuarif, Saudi Arabi.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129467417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}