ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Enhancement the Solar Still Performance Using Chimney Exhaust Gases","authors":"H. Hassan","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63858","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, a theoretical study is presented on enhancement of the solar still performance by using the exhaust gases passing inside a chimney under the still basin. The impact of the exhaust gases temperature on the solar still temperature, productivity, and efficiency are considered. The performance of solar still with chimney is compared with that of conventional solar still. The study is carried out under the hot and climate conditions of Upper Egypt. A complete transient mathematical model of the physical model including the solar still regions temperatures, productivity, and heat transfer between the solar still and the exhaust gases are constructed. The mathematical model is solved numerically by using fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and is programmed by using MATLAB. The mathematical model is validated using an experimental work. The results show that the solar still saline water temperature increases and productivity with using and rising the exhaust gases. Furthermore, the impact of using exhaust gases on the still performance in winter is greater than in summer. using chimney exhaust gases at 75 °C and 125 °C enhances the daily freshwater yield of the conventional still by more than three times and about six times in winter, respectively, and about two and half times and more than three times in summer, respectively.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127327351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Analysis of an Electric Thermal Energy Storage System Using Solid Particles for Grid Electricity Storage","authors":"Zhiwen Ma, Xingchao Wang, P. Davenport, Jeffrey Gifford, Janna Martinek","doi":"10.1115/es2021-61729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-61729","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As renewable power generation becomes the mainstream new-built energy source, energy storage will become an indispensable need to complement the uncertainty of renewable resources to firm the power supply. When phasing out fossil-fuel power plants to meet the carbon neutral utility target in the midcentury around the world, large capacity of energy storage will be needed to provide reliable grid power. The renewable power integration with storage can support future carbon-free utility and has several significant impacts including increasing the value of renewable generation to the grid, improving the peak-load response, and balancing the electricity supply and demand. Long-duration energy storage (10–100 hours duration) can potentially complement the reduction of fossil-fuel baseload generation that otherwise would risk grid security when a large portion of grid power comes from variable renewable sources. Current energy storage methods based on pumped storage hydropower or batteries have many limitations. Thermal energy storage (TES) has unique advantages in scale and siting flexibility to provide grid-scale storage capacity. A particle-based TES system has promising cost and performance for the future growing energy storage needs. This paper introduces the system and components required for the particle TES to be technically and economically competitive. A technoeconomic analysis based on preliminary component designs and performance shows that the particle TES integrated with an efficient air-Brayton combined cycle power system can provide power for several days by low-cost, high-performance storage cycles. It addresses grid storage needs by enabling large-scale grid integration of intermittent renewables like wind and solar, thereby increasing their grid value. The design specifications and cost estimations of major components in a commercial scale system are presented in this paper. The cost model provides insights for further development and cost comparison with competing technologies.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124718022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Operation Scheduling Optimization of Multi-Energy System in an Industrial Park With Consideration of Heat Storage","authors":"Zhang Shuting, Lin Xiaojie, Wei Zhong, Sibin Liu","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63553","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Under the background of carbon neutralization, developing the multi-energy system (MES), which effectively integrates kinds of energy resources, is one of the keys to solving the environmental contradiction. At present, considering heat storage, the research on the optimal scheduling of MES, especially industrial park MES, focuses on the heat storage tank. The potential of the heating supply network (HSN) for heat storage is underestimated and its operational constraints haven’t been fully studied. Therefore, with consideration of quantitative heat storage in HSN, a day-ahead operation scheduling optimization model for MES is proposed. The model proposes a tubular heat storage body (THSB) to describe the heat storage characteristics and charge/discharge constraints of HSN and studies its impact on economic benefits and stability of output power. Equivalent method is used to quantify the heat storage capacity of HSN. Based on the established model, we take a real industrial park to optimize the operation plan of heating conditions in winter. Results indicate that the optimized scenario shows better economic benefits and output stability, which saves 1,303 yuan of operation cost per day.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126414211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of a Wet-Surface Bare Rod Heat Exchanger","authors":"Abdul Raheem A Shaik, Ali Al-Alili, S. Alhassan","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63836","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, a CFD analysis is carried out in ANSYS Fluent to investigate the enhancement of heat transfer and vapor condensation rate in a novel air-to-solid micro bare rod heat exchanger. Literature indicates that the enhancement of heat transfer occurs at the cost of increasing pressure drop across the heat exchanger; due to proximity of the rods. The heat exchanger is first modeled in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) to perform under Abu Dhabi’s hot and humid climate conditions. The heat exchanger is modelled to operate at low Reynolds number to increase the air residue time and allow condensation to occur. In the model, copper rods of diameter 1 mm are evenly spaced out between 2 plates to form the heat exchanger. Fixing the space occupied by the heat exchanger, i.e. volume occupied, the diameter of the copper rods is varied from 0.5 to 5 mm. The effect of the copper rods’ diameter and the spacing between the rods on the rate of vapor condensation, heat transfer, and pressure drop are investigated. Correlations for a micro bare rod heat exchanger exposed to a humid air stream are not available in the literature. Thus, using CFD modeling, the j (dry and wet side) and f factor correlations are determined for this novel heat exchanger operating at low Reynolds numbers. Lastly, the performance of the novel heat exchanger is compared to a fin-tube heat exchanger occupying the same volumetric space operating at the same conditions.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126004682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Design, Analysis, and Cost Modeling of the Particle Handling System for a Pre-Commercial 26.5 MW-e Solid Particle Concentrated Solar Power Plant","authors":"K. Repole, Shaker Alaqel, S. Jeter, H. Al-Ansary, Ryan Yeung, Muhammad Sarfraz","doi":"10.1115/es2021-61841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-61841","url":null,"abstract":"This paper covers the development of the preliminary design process, analysis, and cost modeling for the critical component specifications of a particle handling system, for a Pre-commercial 26.5 MW-e solid Particle Heating Receiver (PHR) based Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems in the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125833033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of an ROC-Based Thermal Energy Storage System in Charge and Discharge Cycles","authors":"Rozina N. Nalbandian, Karen U. Girgis, Benjamin T. Kong, Ulyses Aguirre, Adrian Gil C. Victorio, J. Lee, R. B. Lakeh","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63930","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is employed to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC) as an alternative, low-cost thermal energy storage medium. Thermal energy storage is a critical component for increasing efficiency and dispatchability of solar thermal and combined heat and power plants. The byproduct of water desalination, ROC, is classified as an industrial waste by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as it has negative effects on vegetation and sea-life. Currently, ROC disposal includes deep-well injection, surface discharge to rivers, discharge to the ocean, and evaporation ponds. The composition and thermal properties of ROC salt vary depending on the original source of feedwater. Transient models are utilized to understand the heat transfer between the heat transfer fluid and storage fluid (i.e., ROC) over time. This simulation also provides valuable information in determining the optimal operating conditions of the thermal energy storage system. This information will be used in conjunction with a cost analysis, focused on the transportation, processing and containment cost of the energy storage, that aims to determine the economic feasibility of ROC technology in large scale, commercial applications.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128510900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Phase Change and Buoyancy-Driven Flows on an ROC-Based Thermal Energy Storage System","authors":"J. Lee, Christopher Salerno, Karen U. Girgis, Ulyses Aguirre, R. B. Lakeh","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63938","url":null,"abstract":"Inorganic salts (e.g., chloride salts) have gained attention in the energy field as a new thermal energy storage medium. Low cost, high melting temperature and high heat capacity of inorganic salts make them attractive in utility-scale thermal storage applications as higher energy storage temperatures lead to higher efficiency in power generation. There is a potential to use the dry byproduct of water desalination, i.e., Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC) as a thermal storage medium. Using ROC as a thermal energy storage medium would prevent a harmful waste to be released to the environment while introducing a novel and low-cost alternative for thermal energy storage medium. In this study, heat transfer behavior of an ROC-based thermal energy storage system is studied using CFD. A computational model is developed, verified, and validated to simulate the phase change process and buoyancy-driven flow in a square ROC-based thermal energy storage element. The computational results provide a predictive model for charge and discharge cycles of an ROC-based thermal energy storage system.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127163260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Simplified Physics-Based Building Energy Model for the Purpose of Automatic Fault Detection","authors":"Christopher Fernandez, S. Jeter","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63925","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Buildings are complex systems with dynamic loading and ever-changing usage. Additionally, there is a need to reduce unnecessary energy consumption while increasing occupant health in buildings via implementation of manual fault detection with available building design programs. However, a common problem with the current lineup of programs is that they require extensive inputs for material properties and usage loads; this results in spending extensive amounts of time performing model calibration and having to adjust multiple values (sometimes hundreds) to bring a model in alignment with actual building use. However, a simplified physics-based model (SPBM) can achieve a level of modeling accuracy sufficient for automatic fault detection with as few as ten automatically calibrated unknown parameters. Obviously, other simplified building energy models exist; however, these often rely on ignoring important details, such as humidity, CO2, and per-hour performance, or implement averaged numerical estimations. Due to the limitations of current modeling programs, some development has begun on rule-based and component-based fault detection by several companies and researchers. While component-based fault detection is effective, it relies on accurate sensor readings and does not account for actual building performance. A suitable rigorous physics-based model has not been developed for the purpose of fault detection. Therefore, by comparing the accuracy of an automatically calibrated SPBM with real-world building performance and high-fidelity building energy models will provide baseline knowledge about if such a model can even achieve a high enough level of fidelity to reliably represent the complexity of a building.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129292596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resiliency Evaluation of Net-Zero Residential Communities","authors":"Jordan Thompson, M. Krarti","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63651","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this report, a resiliency analysis is carried out to assess the energy, economic, and power outage survivability benefits of efficient and Net-Zero communities. The analysis addresses the appropriate steps to designing an energy-efficient and Net-Zero community using Phoenix, Arizona as a primary location for weather and utility inputs. A baseline home is established using International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) 2018 code requirements. Three occupancy levels are evaluated in BEopt to provide diversity in the community’s building stock. The loads from the baseline, energy-efficient optimum, and Net-Zero optimum single-family homes are utilized to determine energy use profiles for various residential community types using occupancy statistics for Phoenix. Then, REopt is used to determine the photovoltaic (PV) and battery storage system sizes necessary for the community to survive a 72-hour power outage. The baseline community requires a 544-kW PV system and 375-kW/1,564 kWh battery storage system to keep all electrical loads online during a 72-hour power outage. The energy-efficient community requires a 291-kW PV system and a 202-kW/820 kWh battery storage system while the Net-Zero community requires a 291-kW PV system and a 191-kW/880 kWh battery storage system. In this study, the economic analysis indicates that it is 43% more cost-effective to install a shared PV plus storage system than to install individual PV plus storage systems in an energy-efficient community. After analyzing the system sizes and costs required to survive various outage durations, it is found that only a 4% difference in net present cost exists between a system sized for a 24-hour outage and a 144-hour outage. In the event of a pandemic or an event that causes a community-wide lockdown, the energy-efficient community would only survive 6 hours out of a 72-hour power outage during a time where plug loads are increased by 50% due to added laptops, monitors, and other office electronics. Finally, a climate sensitivity analysis is conducted for efficient communities in Naperville, Illinois and Augusta, Maine. The analysis suggests that for a 72-hour power outage starting on the peak demand day and time of the year, the cost of resiliency is higher in climates with more heating and cooling needs as HVAC is consistently the largest load in a residential building.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125862421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Lab-Scale, Heat Exchanger Prototypes Designed to Provide Refugia for Trout","authors":"Rajib Uddin Rony, A. Gladen, Sarah Lavallie, J. Kientz","doi":"10.1115/es2021-63934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63934","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years Spring Creek in South Dakota, a popular fishing location, has been experiencing higher surface water temperatures, which negatively impact cold-water trout species. One potential solution is to provide localized refugia of colder water produced via active cooling. The present work focuses on the design and testing of a small-scale prototype heat exchanger, for such a cooling system. Various prototypes of the heat exchanger were tested in a 1/10th-scaled model of a section of the creek. A staggered, tube-bundle heat exchanger was used. The prototypes consisted of just the heat exchanger placed directly in the scaled-stream model and of the heat exchanger placed inside an enclosure with an aperture. The results show that, without the enclosure, the average temperature difference is 0.64 °C, with a corresponding heat transfer requirement of 1.63 kW/°C of cooling. However, with an enclosure, the average temperature difference is 1.95 °C, which required 0.59 kW/°C of cooling. Modifications to the enclosure decrease the average temperature difference but also decrease the standard deviation of the temperature difference. Thus, the cooling effect is more evenly spread throughout the water in the enclosure. This indicates that the enclosure design can be used to balance the requirements of obtaining a desired temperature difference with a relatively low spatial variation in that temperature difference. These results will be used to guide the design of the large-scale heat exchanger prototype.","PeriodicalId":256237,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124147529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}