Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 Case Report: Circulating blood cells morphology in convalescent patient","authors":"N. Tayyib, M. Abo-Zaid, A. Ismail, S. Mohammed, A. Amin","doi":"10.54940/ms38961714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms38961714","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Many studies have detailed the mechanisms of infection and quantitative peripheral blood findings reported in severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients during the severity of infection since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Though, only a few studies have described blood morphologic abnormalities. We report peripheral blood cells morphologic changes in convalescent patient. Design: We performed complete blood counts (CBC), and blood smear of 52-year-old patient who were COVID-19 positive test by (RT-PCR), from May 20, 2021, through June 15, 2021. The peripheral blood smears of a convalescent patient were collected the morphological structures of Leukocytes, red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets were examined and documented, after 3 weeks from infection with COVID-19 RT-PCR was negative to look for viral changes on blood cells morphology. Results: On a complete blood count (CBC), the most common quantitative hematologic abnormalities were mild anemia with RBCs showed no abnormality followed by WBCs normal in count, and relative lymphopenia. Neutrophils showed the most substantial morphologic alterations with C-shaped bi-lobulated nuclei, coarse toxic granulations and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Activated neutrophil granulocytes with elongated cell membrane, pseudo Pelger–Huët anomaly-like nuclei, ring form nuclei and pyknotic nucleus. Lymphocytes were atypical reactive lymphocytes with cytoplasmic pseudopod formation. Plasmacytoid lymphocytes with an eccentric nucleus and deeply basophilic cytoplasm are frequently seen. Monocytes seen in active form with cytoplasmic vacuolization and cytoplasm contain granules, with pseudopod formation. Platelets were adequate in number with giant platelets are occasionally seen. Smudge cell is also seen. RBCs were normocytic; normochromic. Conclusion: Our work identifies and characterizes significant morphologic abnormalities in recovered COVID-19 patients' peripheral blood cells. Understanding these morphologic changes, in addition to established hematologic parameters, can help follow with COVID-19 patient during recovery through serial CBC and peripheral smear examination. Serial complete blood count and blood film review may become an essential tool to help physicians allocate patients to risk categories based on morphological findings if these proposals are supported by large-scale investigations of convalescent patients.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121271217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Using Non-Prescribed Topical Corticosteroids on the Face of Female Citizens of Makkah, Saudi Arabia (2020-2021)","authors":"Ahmed ZahrAllayali","doi":"10.54940/ms35095660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms35095660","url":null,"abstract":"Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are among the most prescribed medications for the treatment of dermatological diseases. However, the inappropriate use on the face without any prescription might result in several adverse effects such as purpura, atrophy, and rosacea-like dermatitis. This emphasized the need to evaluate the prevalence of non-prescribed use of these products in females to determine appropriate action. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to estimate the point prevalence of using non-prescribed TCS on the face of female citizens of Makkah, Saudi Arabia. This study was conducted among women living in Makkah using an electronic questionnaire distributed through social media applications from October 2020 to January 2021. The questionnaire comprised of various questions about the participant's characteristics, the pattern of using TCS, the reason for usage, and how frequently the participants used TCS. The study included 565 women from Makkah; 258 (45.7%) of the participants used topical skin treatment, 126 (48.8%) reported that the treatment contained TCS, most of the participants who used this topical skin treatment (52.4%) did not have a medical prescription. Doctor’s prescription had no significant association with the duration of using TCS (p = 0.06), frequency of using TCS (p = 0.05), or how TCS was accessed (p = 0.06). Most of the women, 47 (71.2%), who used un-prescribed TCS did not know that TCS can cause acne (P = 0.003). A significant association was found between topical steroids and having no prior knowledge that it can cause telangiectasia (P=0.005). The most common area for TCS use was face (41.5%). The use of TCS among women in Makkah is high, primarily for the treatment of the face. However, more than half of the women use it without a doctor’s prescription.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131199579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive Gingival Lesions, Investigations, And Treatment Modalities: Review Article","authors":"Mashael Al-Qahtani","doi":"10.54940/ms82303358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms82303358","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Reactive gingival lesions (RGLs) are benign solitary swellings frequently responding to chronic inflammation of gingiva precipitated by local irritation. The research article was designed to discuss clinical and pathological features, and treatment options of RGLs. These lesions are generally clinically similar but histologically different. Various treatment modalities have been used, including surgical blade excision, laser surgical techniques, electrosurgery and cryosurgery. Laser surgeries present more benefits, especially for the hemorrhagic and vascularized lesions in comparison to others. Conclusions: The incidence of RGLs are secondary precipitated to tissue damage and local irritating factors which are like benign rather than malignant masses. Clinical and histological investigations are designated to classify the nature of RGLs. Improvement of oral health, besides complete removal of local irritants through professional periodic care and maintaining oral cleaning measures, is necessary to avoid the recurrence of these lesions.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133705877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Exercise on Covid-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdullah Alkhamiss, Arwa Alodheilah, Raneem Alzaghran, Kadi Alfurayh, Fatimah S Alsultan, Raghad Alshamlan, Khalid Alharbi, Almaha Alnafjan,, S. Alduraibi, A. Alshomar, Homaidan T. Alhomaidan, Yunes A. Alothaim, H. Alsughayer, W. Abdulmonem","doi":"10.54940/ms10929894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms10929894","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The importance of exercise is improving the human body in different ways. Studies have shown that physical activity has a relationship with the enhancement of the immune system and maintains the body in a fit state, which explains the positive results of exposure to infection. Aim of the study: To measure the effectiveness of moderate exercise concerning symptoms, severity, and the recovery rate in COVID-19 patients METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in main cities in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. This investigation was undertaken during the pandemic of COVID-19, targeting individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. The final sample size was 385 individuals out of the 1,450,000 million Saudi Arabia population in Al-Qassim. The data was collected using a Self-administered online questionnaire and analyzed using statistical software SPSS. RESULTS: A total of 186 participants were included in this study. The majority of respondents were female (68.8%), most of the respondents (47.3%) were normal weight, and 35.5% were overweight. Regarding the medical history of COVID19 infection (75.8%), they are infected with COVID19. A statistically significant association was found between exercise practice and the disappearance of symptoms (p<0.01). It disappeared early during exercise. In addition, normal-weight respondents resolved their symptoms faster than other respondents (p <0.05). The results show that the most common and less common symptoms of COVID-19 were most frequently reported among normal weight respondents, and the most severe symptoms were most frequently reported among overweight respondents (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study results show that moderate exercise in patients with COVID-19 can be a valuable tool to improve symptoms, severity, and the recovery rate in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, our results showed that overweight patients were correlated with a severe clinical course of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123203514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologic and Microbiologic Investigations for Thirteen-Years Intentionally re-Implanted Maxillary Second Molar, A Case Report.","authors":"Rahaf Alsulaimani, Arwa M Alzahrani, Rania Said, M. Sunbul, Samia Elsherief","doi":"10.54940/ms18750825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms18750825","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A re-implanted maxillary 2nd molar with amalgam retrograde filling material was retained for 13 years. Histopathologic and Microbiologic investigations to reveal reasons for retaining and subsequent failure. Material and methods: The tooth was intentionally re-implanted 13 years ago with a retrograde amalgam filling material. After extraction of the tooth serial sections were done and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E) and Gram stains. Results: Histopathologic sections revealed cellular cementum deposition at the apex of the tooth. Sharpey's fibers were attached to the cementum. Granulation tissue was obvious around the apex of the tooth. Gram stain revealed accumulation of micro-organisms inside dentinal tubules, especially at the apex. Conclusion: The amalgam used as retrograde filling material, in this case, was retained for thirteen years and subsequent failure might be attributed to the invasion of a microorganism after a crown fracture.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122648466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ishige Okamurae Algae Extract on Omentin-1 Gene, IL-6 Gene, Glucose, Insulin, and Lipid Profile in Diabetic Rats","authors":"Samia A Ahmed, M. Ibrahim, Ammar Bayoumi","doi":"10.54940/ms66364380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms66364380","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases worldwide. Synthetic medicines usually have side effects; thus seeking alternatives is preferable. Ishige Okamurae Algae might act as a hypoglycemic agent beside its other bioactive effects. In the present study, the effect of IO on diabetic rats was studied concerning Omentin-1 gene, IL-6 gene, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL. Ishige Okamurae was extracted and fractionated. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 served as control, GRP 2 served as untreated diabetic group. GRP 3 non Diabatic were administered with ethanol extract of IO at a dose of 250 mg/kg B.W , GRP 4 were diabetic and received an oral dose of 250 mg/kg Body wight (BW) of ethanol extract of Ishige Okamurae. At the end of the treatment period, animals were euthanized under anesthesia. Blood was withdrawn from the abdominal aorta and the adipose tissues were removed and stored at −80°C until use. RNA was extracted from the frozen adipose tissues to study the effect of IO on both Omentin-1, and IL-6 gene. Relative expression in omentin and lL-6 mRNA levels were calculated. The current study revealed that IO Algae plays a role in increasing blood insulin level, decreasing blood glucose, lowering cholesterol, decreasing triglycerides, decreasing LDL, increasing HDL, suppressing the expression of IL-6 gene, thus, reducing the harmful prolonged inflammatory effect of IL-6, whereas increasing the expression of omentin-1 gene increases sensitivity to insulin. Therefore, it may be recommended to use this algae to treat diabetes and reduce its complications.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134540655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gaps and Opportunities in Primary Care Programs to Address Childhood Obesity in Saudi Arabia: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"W. Abdulmonem, Sultan A. Alghaniam, Hmoud Alenazi, P. Baker, Mansour Alghoniam, Abduallh Alfugaier, Abdulrhman A. Alghunaim","doi":"10.54940/ms66194493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms66194493","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood obesity is a significant health concern globally, and it is associated with lethal disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular and cancers in later years of life. We review the numerous aspects of childhood obesity to identify the gaps and opportunity to combat the increasing prevalence and translation of current knowledge into nutritional practice, doable recommendations, and strategic actions at primary health care settings, particularly in Saudi Arabia. Based upon methodology meetings, knowledge-to-action (KTA) framework, population/patient problem, intervention, comparison and outcome, formulated research questions, and reporting guidelines of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA), the gaps and opportunities are identified in this systematic review. The key findings revealed that the main determinants of childhood obesity are lack of adequate knowledge, nutritional facilities, unhealthy dietary practices or behavioral factors, and rapid urbanization. At present, most countries, including Saudi Arabia, have not implemented childhood obesity prevention and control interventions. Based on the evidence gathered by the practical application of the knowledge translation approach, the community-based multi-sectoral and multicomponent approaches at schools and primary healthcare settings are certainly substantial to confront the increasing burden of childhood obesity.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134563576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Review Into Newer Insights","authors":"Ahmed Arbaeen","doi":"10.54940/ms17251319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms17251319","url":null,"abstract":"Many people globally suffer from iron deficiency. It is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia IDA that has a devastating effect on infants and their mothers. It occurs when the body's iron storage, iron intake, and iron loss are all out of balance, making it impossible for erythropoiesis to function properly. Microcytic hypochromic anemia is the medical term for this condition. Thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, and sideroblastic anemias are among the other possible causes of microcytic anemia. Iron parameters such as MCV, MCH and RDW are cost-effective and useful in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. After routine hematological tests like CBC and hemoglobin, serum ferritin is often used as a first diagnostic check. The total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, and the serum iron and serum transferrin receptor levels may be beneficial. Stainable iron may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis. High rates of prevalence have negative consequences for both health and the economy. IDA has been known for a while, yet there are still unresolved problems and room for improvement in the way this condition is managed. Every day, new directions in its diagnostic and treatment choices open.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134275621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessibility of People with Visual Impairment To Dental Services: A Prospective, Observational, Mixed Method Study","authors":"H. Abed, Raghad M Iskandar, Rawan Alsehli, Ohud Alhazmi,, Assim Banjar, Rayan Sharka","doi":"10.54940/ms25143642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms25143642","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This prospective, observational, mixed method study aims to assess patients with visual impairment general and oral health status, oral health-related quality of life, oral health knowledge, and adherence to recommended oral hygiene advice. Methods: Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire at two sequential time points. At the day of recruitment (Time 1), participants were interviewed using questions from the adult dental health survey and the Arabic version of the oral health impact profile-14. At Time 2 (one-month post-dental education given at Time 1), participants were phoned after one month to assess their adherence to recommended oral hygiene instructions given at Time 1. The DMF Index was used to assess prevalence of dental caries. Results: The mean age of the participants was 21 years (SD = 2.98). Most participants (62.5%) had acute dental pain, brushed their teeth less than twice daily, and were not registered with dentists. Each person experienced a mean of six problems (median = 6) on oral health impact profile-14 and had an average of 7.1 (SD = 4.12) active caries. At Time 2, all participants had registered with a general dentist, and all brushed their teeth at least twice daily. Thematic analyses explored crucial barriers experienced by participants to access dental services. Conclusions: People with visual impairment reported poor oral health-related quality of life due to poor oral health status, oral health knowledge and education. Participants experienced long waiting lists for appointments in governmental dental hospitals, poor financial status to afford private dental care, and issues with accessibility to dental services due to transportation and caring issues.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126594975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Asymptomatic Surgical Pediatric Patients in Makkah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mohammed S. Alqarni, A. Marghalani, Ali Al-Zahrani, T. Nazer","doi":"10.54940/ms83899681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54940/ms83899681","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is generally asymptomatic in children but is still contagious. This study estimated the prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric surgical patients in a tertiary hospital in Makkah city. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving children less than 18 years of age who were scheduled for surgical procedures under sedation or general anesthesia at the Security Forces Hospital in Makkah (SFHM) between August 1, 2020, and August 31, 2021. Before admission, each patient was screened for symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and subsequently categorized as a low or high-risk patient. Asymptomatic, low-risk patients underwent nasopharyngeal swab via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: A total of 497 asymptomatic pediatric patients were included in this study. The overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases was 1.4%. About 66% of the sample patients were aged eight or less, 66% were males, 76% had elective surgery, and 79% had surgery with general anesthesia. Conclusion: Screening for SARS-CoV-2 without swabbing did not appear to exclude all positive cases.","PeriodicalId":256236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127621043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}