History of Economics eJournal最新文献

{"title":"The Disciplinary Mobility of Core Behavioral Economists","authors":"Alexandre Truc","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3919485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3919485","url":null,"abstract":"Disciplinary mobility occurs when researchers publish outside their disciplines of origin. It is an important mechanism of interdisciplinarity and knowledge transfer. Behavioral economics (BE) was founded by two psychologists, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, who used disciplinary mobility to influence economics. In this article, we study the disciplinary mobility of seven core behavioral economists to better understand how it has influenced the early development of BE and the interdisciplinary practices of later behavioral economists. Besides the movement of psychologists towards the center of economics, we identify an outward movement of economists away from the discipline. This movement away from economics has allowed some behavioral economists to gain new scientific legitimacy, while escaping some of the normative traditions of economics. This has enabled them to push the frontiers of economics and promote a more radical approach to BE.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"24 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113964553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antitrust Harm and Causation","authors":"Herbert Hovenkamp","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3771399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3771399","url":null,"abstract":"How should plaintiffs show harm from antitrust violations? The inquiry naturally breaks into two issues: first, what is the nature of the harm? and second, what does proof of causation require? The best criterion for assessing harm is likely or reasonably anticipated output effects. Antitrust’s goal should be output as high as is consistent with sustainable competition. \u0000 \u0000The standard for proof of causation then depends on two things: the identity of the enforcer and the remedy that the plaintiff is seeking. It does not necessarily depend on which antitrust statute the plaintiff is seeking to enforce. For public agencies, enforcement involves both the condemnation of past harm and the management of future risks. The concern, as in most areas of public enforcement, is with behavior that is likely to have harmful anticompetitive consequences unless it is restrained. While a showing of actual harm has evidentiary importance, in most cases the public authorities need not show that the harm has actually occurred, but only that the challenged conduct poses an unreasonable danger that it will occur. \u0000 \u0000By contrast, private enforcers operate under stricter causation requirements that require an actual injury for damages actions, or individually threatened injury for an injunction. These differences are explicit in the various federal statutes that authorize enforcement actions. They are also similar to the division of requirements in the legal system generally, particularly in the distinction between public criminal law and the private law of tortious conduct.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115300954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Two Ostrom Problem","authors":"Marianne Johnson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3911374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3911374","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers two distinct but interrelated historiographic problems that influence our perceptions of Elinor Ostrom’s contributions to economics. The first relates to the difficulties women face in dual-career partnerships which often impact their ability to establish independent academic careers and gain fair recognition for contributions to shared research programs. How Ostrom negotiated these challenges highlights the many and often hidden constraints professional women face. The second problem is how to gauge or weight the work of the Ostrom who was a multidisciplinary scholar of the commons with that of the Ostrom who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. Exploring her trajectory in public choice over a half century makes apparent the remarkable force a Nobel Prize exerts on post-hoc appraisals of a career. What is different in the case of Ostrom is that as ‘the first woman to win the prize,’ the award has also served to obscure many of the gender-biased experiences and constraints that Ostrom shared with other women of her generation.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122685911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertainty and Inequality in Early Financial Thought: John Hicks as a Reader of Knight and Keynes","authors":"Roni Hirsch","doi":"10.1093/cje/beab032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/beab032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article examines the early reception of Knight’s and Keynes’ accounts of uncertainty and their overlooked role in the development of financial economics. Knight’s famous distinction between risk and uncertainty bore a deep social and political significance, dividing humanity into risk-takers and the risk-averse. This same distinction, I argue, along with its asymmetries of power and rewards, was reproduced in Hicks’ 1939 dynamic equilibrium model. It was recast as an opposition between hedgers and speculators in a market for risk, on the one hand, and between institutional investors and the general public, on the other. Hicks’s synthesis heeds both Knightian and Keynesian notions of uncertainty, adopting the former’s idea of profit-earning uncertainty-bearers and the latter’s definition of money as an imperfect though widely used hedge against uncertainty. Closer to Knight than to Keynes, Hicks’s model raises a fundamental political question: is inequality a price worth paying for greater certainty in economic life?","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117056481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TMS’s Appeal Has Moved with Openness to Non-foundationalism: 35 Critics, 1765 to 1949","authors":"D. Klein","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3893819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3893819","url":null,"abstract":"The appeal of The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS) has moved with openness to non-foundationalism. This paper is devoted to providing evidence of that bivariate relationship. The paper stems from a 2018 article, “Dissing The Theory of Moral Sentiments.” I have pared down the quotations and added nine dissers. This paper evidences more pointedly that the appeal of TMS has moved with openness to non-foundationalism—though I do not mean to suggest that openness to non-foundationalism is the sole factor affecting TMS’s appeal.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125925854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Massimiliano Vatiero's (2021) The Theory of Transaction in Institutional Economics: A History (London and New York: Routledge)","authors":"David Gindis","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3898407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3898407","url":null,"abstract":"Massimiliano Vatiero’s \"The Theory of Transaction in Institutional Economics: A History\" is not a historiographical reconstruction of how various institutionalists came to define the transaction as the legal transfer of property or control rights over resources. Instead, the book expands on Vatiero’s recent proposal for a research agenda in institutional economics to offer a synthetic theoretical account of the multi-dimensional nature of the transaction. One might have expected such an account to be readily available, given extensive work on the topic by Oliver Williamson and others (not to mention several Nobel nods), but Vatiero provocatively argues that we still do not know enough about how a transaction works. If institutional economics is to advance, Vatiero explains, it must go back to the past and reconsider the original notion of the transaction proposed by John R. Commons.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133907901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Современная денежная теория (ММТ): новая парадигма или набор рекомендаций для макроэкономической политики? (Modern Monetary Theory (MMT): New Paradigm or a Set of Recommendations for Macroeconomic Policy?)","authors":"Vadim O. Grishchenko, Vsevolod M. Ostapenko, V. Tkachev, Victor Tunev","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3901904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3901904","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract:Авторы затрагивают ряд вопросов, ключевых для понимания теоретических основ так называемой современной денежной теории (Modern Monetary Theory, MMT), анализа ее прикладных рекомендаций и причин постепенной демаргинализации. Рассматриваются фундаментальные положения ММТ, связанные с особенностями функционирования современных фиатных денежных систем, методом секторальных балансов и ролью государственного и частного секторов в создании совокупного спроса. Подчеркивается необходимость разграничения между методологией и идеологией ММТ, ее теоретическими предпосылками и макроэкономическими рецептами. Отмечается, что из в целом корректного описания функционирования современной фиатной денежной системы не обязательно следуют рекомендации ММТ в области экономической политики. Особое внимание уделено применимости этой концепции к экономикам с формирующимися рынками, в том числе к российской. Многие страны с формирующимися рынками не обладают денежным суверенитетом. Они сталкиваются с инфляционными ограничениями (масштабный эффект переноса колебаний курса на цены) и могут испытывать затруднения с обслуживанием внешней задолженности (в иностранной валюте). Чтобы наиболее известные макроэкономические рецепты ММТ стали применимыми в этих странах, нужно приложить дополнительные усилия — прежде всего уменьшить зависимость от внешней торговли и потоков капитала. Варианты стимулирования экономического роста и достижения «истинной» полной занятости, выдвигаемые сторонниками ММТ, являются в настоящее время предметом острой полемики. В статье разбираются основные критические аргументы, получившие отражение в российской экономической литературе. Показано, что существующей критики для «опровержения» ММТ недостаточно, при этом она обходит стороной ряд спорных положений концепции. English Abstract:The authors examine the essential theoretical components of MMT, its policy recommendations and reasons for gaining popularity in advanced economies. Fundamental features of MMT are concerned, namely the specifics of modern fiat monetary systems’ functioning, stock-flow consistent modeling, and the role of government and private sector in the creation of aggregate demand. The necessity to separate methodology and ideology of MMT for distinguishing between its theoretical presumptions and macroeconomic recipes is emphasized. It is claimed that economic policy recommendations of MMT do not follow directly from the overall correct description of fiat monetary system. In particular, the applicability of MMT to the Russian economy, as well to other emerging economies, is analyzed. These economies are offered to rethink their policies using the principles of monetarily sovereign government. Their policymakers need to shift priorities from balancing the budget to decreasing the dependence on capital flows and foreign trade. MMT-style options of stimulating economic growth and reaching the “genuine” full employment are in the epicenter of current macroeconomic debates ","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114321598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Is (Your) Geoff Harcourt? Afterword Two on The Man","authors":"A. Cohen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3866627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3866627","url":null,"abstract":"In 2022, Cambridge University Press is publishing a 50th anniversary edition of Geoff Harcourt’s<br>\"Some Cambridge Controversies in the Theory of Capital.\" Avi J. Cohen’s essay addresses the role of the man in shaping how we think about economics and its history, and in influencing new generations of economists.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126438195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Notes on the Life of a Book","authors":"T. Mata","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3866614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3866614","url":null,"abstract":"In 2022, Cambridge University Press is publishing a 50th anniversary edition of Geoff Harcourt’s \"Some Cambridge Controversies in the Theory of Capital.\" Tiago Mata’s essay is a study of the book’s global career, tracing its reach in terms of geography and in terms of readerships.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122495258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Seminars, Conferences and Workshops in the History of Economics","authors":"Béatrice Cherrier, Aurélien W. Saïdi","doi":"10.3917/redp.314.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/redp.314.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces twin special issues of the Revue d’Economie Politique on the role that seminars, workshops and conferences have played in the history of economics in the 20th century. Our goal is to turn what have been a systematic background feature in the history of key concepts, theories, models or practices into a full-fledged object of study. We use seven case studies that we have assembled as well as a host of other examples to explain why tight classifications of seminars, conferences and workshops are hard to come up with. Their names and organization derive from a mix of traditions contexts and contingencies. We trace their historical origins and outline salient features and dimensions worth considering. We then detail two major functions of seminars, conferences and workshops. They can be viewed as construction sites where theories, concepts, but also tools and practices and even political programs are built through bringing in various intellectual and institutional resources. They can also be understood as weapons of dissemination, whereby such theories, tools practices, etc., are sent out, first, to students, then, to colleagues, opponents and institutions. Those processes involve the formation of networks and communities of like-minded scholars, even friends, but also the exclusion of others, and the development of age, institutional, class and gender hierarchies. These are channeled via how workshop and conferences’ rules are set up or what food and drinks are offered for instance. We finally reflect on what may drive the persistence, visibility, or failures of workshops, seminars and conferences: leadership and entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":253619,"journal":{"name":"History of Economics eJournal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117154281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}