Atmospheric Environment最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring of aerosol optical-microphysical properties from DPC/GF-5(02): A case study of dust event in north China plain","authors":"Yujia Cao ,&nbsp;Cheng Chen ,&nbsp;Haixiao Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaobing Sun ,&nbsp;Xiao Liu ,&nbsp;Haoran Gu ,&nbsp;Yisong Xie ,&nbsp;Jin Hong ,&nbsp;Zhengqiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric aerosol is an essential component of the atmosphere, with a significant radiative forcing impact. Aerosol influences the processes of radiation transmission, energy cycle, climate change and Earth-atmosphere interaction, and it is inextricably linked to environmental protection and human health. As coarse mode dominant absorptive particles, dust aerosol has a complex effect on climate (cooling in shortwave and warming in longwave) and is easy to cause human respiratory diseases. In this study, the Generalized Retrieval of Atmosphere and Surface Properties (GRASP) algorithm, which supports simultaneous retrieval of multiple aerosol optical and microphysical parameters with measurements from different sources and levels, is applied to the Directional Polarimetric Camera (DPC) measurements on board the Chinese Gaofen-5 (02) satellite. The optical and microphysical properties of aerosols in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from April to June in 2023 are obtained, and a dust event is tracked. The results show that DPC/GRASP method is capable to retrieve aerosol optical and microphysical properties in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and is highly correlated with AERONET, and can be used to identify the evolution process of dust weather. It provides a new method and process scheme for the efficient and accurate acquisition of aerosol optical and microphysical properties in large areas by integrating various aerosol observation platform data in the future, and provides a new reference for the study of the evolution of dust weather and the diffusion of dust aerosol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent influence of dust on aerosol properties in summer over the northeast Tibetan Plateau explored by surface and tethered balloon-borne observations","authors":"Liang Ran ,&nbsp;Zhaoze Deng ,&nbsp;Yunfei Wu ,&nbsp;Zhixuan Bai ,&nbsp;Wanyun Xu ,&nbsp;Xuelian Xu ,&nbsp;Shengcang Wang ,&nbsp;Ping Tian ,&nbsp;Mengyu Huang ,&nbsp;Xiangao Xia ,&nbsp;Jianchun Bian","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerosol properties over the Tibetan Plateau exert important impacts on weather and climate in this area and downstream regions. The influence of dust on aerosol properties over this region has been demonstrated by previous studies based on remote sensing. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding how aerosol properties were influenced by dust and the evolution of dust events, especially in a temporally and vertically resolved way. In this study, aerosol microphysical and optical properties in summer were investigated by in-situ surface and tethered-balloon borne observations, which were also utilized to explore dust events with a joint analysis of the MERRA-2 reanalysis data and HYSPLIT backward trajectories. The PM₁/PM₁₀ ratios and scattering Ångström exponents were found to be quite low at most of the time during the campaign even in the absence of dust events, evidently suggesting that surface aerosol properties were persistently influenced by dust. Particle mass size distributions in the free troposphere also clearly revealed fingerprints of dust. An examination on individual dust event indicated that dust particles could be of local origins or long-range transported from deserts to the north of the plateau. This study helps improve our understanding on the influence of dust on aerosol properties, possible sources of observed dust particles and the evolution of dust events over this region. A future effort is worth undertaking to address potential impacts of dust-influenced aerosol properties on atmospheric processes of climatic importance by integrating various observations and model simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ozonolysis of prenol, a second-generation biofuel, in atmospheric simulation chambers: Temperature dependent kinetics and gas-phase products analysis","authors":"Reem Al Mawla ,&nbsp;Cécile Cœur ,&nbsp;Nicolas Houzel ,&nbsp;Sylvain Billet ,&nbsp;Fatima Al Ali ,&nbsp;Vincent Gaudion ,&nbsp;Paul Genevray ,&nbsp;Fabrice Cazier ,&nbsp;Manolis N. Romanias","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prenol (3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol), a second-generation biofuel, is released in the atmosphere during its use and storage where it can react with atmospheric oxidants. In this study, the ozonolysis reaction of prenol was investigated in two atmospheric simulation chambers CHARME (CHamber for the Atmospheric Reactivity and Metrology of the Environment) and THALAMOS (Thermally Regulated Atmospheric Simulation Chamber). PTR-ToF-MS and SIFT-MS were used to monitor the concentrations of organic compounds versus time. The room temperature (293 ± 2 K) rate coefficient was determined using the relative and pseudo-first order methods. The values obtained using both methods in the two chambers were in accordance, leading to an average rate coefficient of (3.26 ± 0.33) × 10⁻¹⁶ cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹. The temperature-dependent rate coefficient of this reaction was also investigated using the relative method in the temperature range 283–353 K. The following Arrhenius expression: <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>9.83</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1.7</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>16</mn></mrow></msup><mo>×</mo><mi>exp</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>331</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mn>53</mn></mrow><mi>T</mi></mfrac><mspace></mspace></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹ was obtained. The gas-phase oxidation products formed, at room temperature (293 ± 2 K), from this reaction were investigated using PTR-ToF-MS, SIFT-MS and GC-EI-MS analyses. Several products were identified and quantified (in %), including acetone (9 ± 2), whose formation yield was determined using a calibration standard, and acetaldehyde (30 ± 5), glycolaldehyde (30 ± 5), formaldehyde (8 ± 1), methylglyoxal (8 ± 1) and hydroxyacetone and/or methylacetate (5 ± 1) %, whose formation yields were estimated using a generic H₃O⁺ rate coefficient for their protonation reaction. Glyoxal was also observed but not quantified. The kinetic data are compared with literature and a reaction mechanism is proposed. To our knowledge, this work is the first one presenting the mechanistic study and Arrhenius equation for the ozonolysis reaction of prenol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crucial VOCs influences on ozone formation in North China: A spatial perspective","authors":"Donghui Liu ,&nbsp;Shangfei Hai ,&nbsp;Junlei Meng ,&nbsp;Weihang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuanhong Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Liu ,&nbsp;Wenshuai Li ,&nbsp;Lifang Sheng","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing frequency of ozone (O₃) pollution episodes in China, there is a growing emphasis on understanding the contributions of precursors to O₃. Identifying key volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that drive O₃ formation has become a primary research focus. However, comprehending these key VOCs' distribution characteristics and patterns remains challenging. This study employs the convergent cross-mapping (CCM) method to identify and quantify causal relationships between 25 VOCs and O₃ simulated by WRF-Chem model. The results indicate that key VOCs identified by CCM can correspond well with those calculated based on observational data. Furthermore, the contributions and sources of various VOCs exhibits notable regional variations, showing a change with the O₃ formation sensitivity (OFS). In areas where OFS is strongly limited by VOCs, such as coastal ports and cities with concentrated resources or populations, alkenes, ketoaldehyde, and alcohols contribute more to O₃ formation. Meanwhile, the proportion of primary emission sources of oxygenated VOCs is relatively high (62.36–78.64 %), while secondary production sources are relatively low. Conversely, in regions where OFS is minimally limited by VOCs, such as agricultural areas in northern China, alkanes, aromatics, and phenols become more important. In this context, primary source contributions diminish while secondary source contributions rise to 19.1 %–45.6 %. Given North China's complex VOCs sources, this study suggests reducing key VOCs by targeting OFS characteristics within specific regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source characteristics of non-refractory particulate matter (NR-PM1) using high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometric (HR-ToF-AMS) measurements in the urban industrial city in India","authors":"Akash S. Vispute ,&nbsp;Prodip Acharja ,&nbsp;Suresh W. Gosavi ,&nbsp;Gaurav Govardhan ,&nbsp;Vinayak Ruge ,&nbsp;M.N. Patil ,&nbsp;T. Dharmaraj ,&nbsp;Sachin D. Ghude","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the source characteristics of submicron non-refractory particulate matter (NR-PM₁) over a highly growing urban industrial city near the western coast of India. Using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), we conducted continuous measurements from June 2020 to May 2021, capturing seasonal variations in aerosol composition. The annual average NR-PM₁ concentration was 16.4 ± 15.4 μg m⁻³, with substantially higher concentrations observed during winter (33.3 ± 22.2 μg m⁻³). Chemical analysis revealed distinct contributions of organic aerosols (OA), nitrate (NO₃⁻), sulfate (SO₄²⁻), ammonium (NH₄⁺), and chloride (Cl⁻) to NR-PM₁. Organic aerosol consistently contained the most significant fraction of NR-PM₁ (49–67 % seasonally). Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) resolved four distinct OA sources: traffic-related hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass-burning OA (BBOA), and two oxygenated OA factors (Semi-Volatile Oxygenated OA (SVOOA) and Low-Volatile Oxygenated OA (LV-OOA)). Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was a large OA fraction, with LVOOA being most abundant in winter and post-monsoon, while SV-OOA was higher in monsoon and summer, suggesting photochemical and potentially aqueous-phase formation. Seasonal changes were also observed in OA elemental composition (O/C: 0.67–0.74; H/C: 1.53–1.61; OM/OC: 2.07–2.16) and carbon oxidation state (OSc: 0.25 in monsoon/winter to −0.06 in summer), further supporting the influence of photochemical processes. Size distribution analysis indicated that aerosols were predominantly in the accumulation mode (300–800 nm), suggesting aged and internally mixed aerosol particles. Back trajectory and Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analyses indicated varied regional influences on PM₁ source characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass flow analysis of tire-wear particles, including carbon black, and implications for road dust management","authors":"Min Gyu Lee ,&nbsp;Hyeonjung Ryu ,&nbsp;Minseung Hyun ,&nbsp;Woosuk Chung ,&nbsp;Jaehwan Hong ,&nbsp;Hyunook Kim ,&nbsp;Jung-Taek Kwon ,&nbsp;Jaewoong Lee ,&nbsp;Younghun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Representative non-exhaust emissions from automobiles and tire-wear particles (TWPs) accumulate in road dust, causing their dispersion into the surrounding environment. TWPs undergo fragmentation due to continuous abrasion and weathering, resulting in the release of carbon black (CB), a major component of tire rubber. Although previous studies have conducted mass flow analyses (MFAs) for TWPs based on vehicle and road types, <strong>a detailed MFA specifically addressing road dust, including CB-bound TWPs, has not been performed.</strong> In this study, annual emissions of TWPs, including CB, from road dust were estimated based on different vehicle and road types. Mass flow diagrams were constructed to illustrate the distribution of these particles across technical and environmental compartments for each road type. The environmental mass of TWPs, including CB, in each compartment was calculated based on sewage system type, runoff ratio, road cleaning efficacy, and UV exposure. The MFA results indicate that highways contribute significantly to TWP exposure in soil and air, despite a substantial portion of TWPs also accumulating as road residue. Additionally, the endpoint mass flow of the environmental media (<strong>4241 t/a to air, 3140 t/a to water bodies, 20,602 t/a to soil, 3044 t/a to landfill, and 12,712 t/a to road residue)</strong> and the predicted environmental concentration values <strong>(1.16 μg/m³ in air, 0.37 mg/L in water, and 1824 mg/kg in soil)</strong> were consistent with literature ranges, supporting the reliability of the findings. These results underscore the importance of targeted road dust management strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of non-exhaust emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The photochemistry of quinones and combustion-derived particles in forming hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen in the atmosphere","authors":"Desiree J. Sarmiento,&nbsp;Brian J. Majestic","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are byproducts of combustion processes and can undergo photooxidation in cloud water upon being emitted into the atmosphere. Quinones are among the products formed from the photochemical aging of PAHs and can undergo subsequent reactions to form environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study showed that 9,10-anthraquinone (9,10-ANTQ), 1,4-anthraquinone (1,4-ANTQ), and 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NAPQ) undergo different pathways when forming ROS. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂), which was monitored during the photoaging of these quinones, formed logarithmically over time in low yields (0.5 ± 0.1 μM M⁻¹ to 1.6 ± 0.1 μM M⁻¹) with 9,10-ANTQ and 1,4-ANTQ. However, with 1,4-NAPQ, it formed rapidly within the first 5 min, reaching high yields of 21 ± 7 μM M⁻¹, before undergoing decay. This work suggests that 9,10-ANTQ can behave as a photocatalyst to continuously generate hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) in the atmosphere; however, it will more likely exist in its triplet state (³9,10-ANTQ∗) as an EPFR. Contrarily, 1,4-ANTQ and 1,4-NAPQ will photodegrade into other products that generate ROS. Among these products is juglone, which was shown to generate ^•OH exponentially upon photoaging as well as degrade into other products. The varying photochemical behaviors between these different quinones help explain the overall photochemistry of combustion-derived particles, which catalytically generated ¹O₂ and ^•OH in this study. This work provides insight into the environmental fates of combustion-derived material and their oxidized derivatives and shows the potential of these compounds to generate excess atmospheric ROS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into surface ozone variability in India (1980–2014) through CMIP6 model analysis","authors":"Arshitha Anand K A ,&nbsp;Dilip Ganguly ,&nbsp;Sushovan Ghosh ,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar Soni ,&nbsp;Sagnik Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates long-term (1980–2014) surface ozone (O₃) variability over India using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models, offering a comprehensive spatial assessment crucial for addressing air quality and climate change challenges. Model outputs were compared with Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) derived surface O₃ to evaluate their reliability. Results reveal a persistent north-south gradient in surface O₃, with higher values over northern India, consistent with satellite data. Most models indicate a positive trend in surface O₃ across the country, while a negative trend is identified over parts of the central Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), a previously unreported phenomenon. Analysis of precursor gases shows significant positive trends over India, with the IGP emerging as a hotspot. Spatial correlations between surface O₃ and its precursors highlight regional heterogeneity and complex formation dynamics. VOC-limited regimes dominate across India, whereas NO/NO₂-limited chemistry prevails in the IGP, explaining the decreasing trend of surface O₃ despite rising NO/NO₂ emissions. Among the CMIP6 models, CESM2-WACCM-FV2 is identified as the most reliable for studying surface O₃ in India. The spatial distribution provided by CMIP6 models is particularly valuable in regions lacking long-term monitoring, where ground-based observations are limited to point-based measurements. This study underscores the critical role of CMIP6 models in understanding surface O₃ variability and highlights the utility of satellite-derived data as a complementary resource. The findings provide actionable insights for policy efforts to mitigate surface O₃ and its precursors, improving air quality and addressing climate challenges in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A corresponding relationship between formaldehyde and missing •OH reactivity extrapolated in chamber studies using a mixture of nine VOCs and NOx","authors":"Jiaru Li ,&nbsp;Kosuke Miyatake ,&nbsp;Yu Morino ,&nbsp;Kei Sato ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Sadanaga ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Nakashima ,&nbsp;Yosuke Sakamoto ,&nbsp;Yoshizumi Kajii","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121190","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;•OH reactivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), which is the inverse of •OH lifetime and can be determined by measuring the decay rate of •OH radicals as total •OH reactivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), or summing reactivity from volatile organic compounds (VOCs), NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;, and other inorganics as calculated •OH reactivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is usually underestimated by &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, with the discrepancy named as missing •OH reactivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), mainly representing the reactivity of unknown VOCs. &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; plays an important role in understanding the overall reactivity balance and the production of photochemical oxidants. Given that the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) can simulate &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and ozone production, uncertainties arise when apply these models to complex ambient atmospheres. We conducted smog-chamber experiments using VOC mixtures under well-controlled conditions. &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and trace species in the smog-chamber were measured and concurrently simulated by MCM model. The MCM reproduced initial time variations of trace species and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. We found a corresponding relationship of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;/&lt;/em&gt;[HCHO] = 1.5 s&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; ppbv&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; based on the smog-chamber experiments and several field campaigns’ results in Japan. We further applied this factor in 2017 Tsukuba campaign to predict &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; based on diurnal HCHO concentration and obtained good performance of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; when compare","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The significant effects of loading mass on emissions of intermediate and semi-volatile volatility organic compounds from diesel trucks","authors":"Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yihang Min ,&nbsp;Yicong He ,&nbsp;Xiao He ,&nbsp;Liqiang He ,&nbsp;Yihuan Cao ,&nbsp;Xuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Bin Zhao ,&nbsp;Shuxiao Wang ,&nbsp;Ye Wu ,&nbsp;Shaojun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diesel vehicles are an important emission source of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs). Previous studies rarely reported the impacts of loading mass on diesel I/SVOC emissions. Here, we applied a non-targeted screening characterization method to characterize detailed I/SVOC emissions of two diesel trucks by using a two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-ToF-MS), and explored the impact from various loading mass conditions. The results indicated that higher loading mass could reduce total I/SVOC emissions of tested trucks, which was consistent with the trend in organic carbon (OC) but opposite to that of elemental carbon (EC). The chemical composition was also affected by loading mass. Saturated hydrocarbon compounds tend to account for a higher fraction of the total I/SVOCs under empty loading mass conditions, which were probably emitted due to incomplete combustion, compared with the chemical composition of diesel fuels. The fractions of unsaturated hydrocarbons and oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) increased with higher loading mass, suggesting that thermal decomposition and oxidation processes become more important. Furthermore, we mapped the I/SVOCs into the two-dimensional volatility basis set (2D-VBS) according to loading mass conditions, which served as the input profiles for further atmospheric modeling of secondary organic aerosol (SOA).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}