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Journal of System Safety最新文献

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Role of Regulators in Safeguarding the Interface Between Autonomous Systems and the General Public 监管机构在维护自治系统与公众之间的接口方面的作用
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i2.91
Chris W. Johnson
{"title":"Role of Regulators in Safeguarding the Interface Between Autonomous Systems and the General Public","authors":"Chris W. Johnson","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i2.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i2.91","url":null,"abstract":"Regulators play a critical role in the commercial exploitation of new technologies. They protect the public when market competition might persuade companies to take undue risks. At the same time, it is essential that regulatory authorities do not kill innovation by imposing inappropriate rules or by retaining previous requirements that make little sense in the light of technical innovations. These tensions are apparent in the introduction of autonomous and semi-autonomous systems, across a range of industries. “Regulatory lag” has starved companies of the strategic guidance that is necessary to make informed decisions about acceptable levels of safety and security for the integration of these technologies. This paper argues that existing product-based, process-based and performance-based approaches to regulation threaten the safe and secure exploitation of new markets. In contrast, we advocate a competent, anticipatory, self-reflective approach, which places performance requirements on the regulator rather than on the markets they protect.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126963076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Reducing Pedestrian Collisions Through Blended Outreach and Engineering 通过混合外联和工程减少行人碰撞
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i2.90
Mike Conlon
{"title":"Reducing Pedestrian Collisions Through Blended Outreach and Engineering","authors":"Mike Conlon","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i2.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i2.90","url":null,"abstract":"Many are familiar with the traditional “three Es” of safety: Engineering, education and enforcement. In the transit industry, we routinely apply these in our pursuit of forward-looking hazard management. This article documents how Metro Transit in the Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota area blended public outreach (education) and engineering to enhance pedestrian safety.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123137316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
President's Message 总统的消息
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i2.84
Charles Muniak
{"title":"President's Message","authors":"Charles Muniak","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i2.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i2.84","url":null,"abstract":"This is my first article in Journal of System Safety (JSS) where I have the honor of serving as President of the International System Safety Society (ISSS). There is a lot going on, and I look forward to outlining some of these items in more detail after our Executive Council (EC) meeting at the International System Safety Society Conference (ISSC) this August in Albuquerque, New Mexico. There has been a good deal of discussion about the need for paradigm shifts in the last several issues of JSS. I am instituting a fairly fundamental paradigm shift in the way the EC conducts business. At the annual EC meeting, it has been the tradition to focus on matters that require an EC decision. Discussion of other matters was discouraged. I am going to allow — and actually encourage — discussion of important matters that will not need an immediate EC decision. Of course, these discussion topics will have to be approved and placed on the agenda with a time limit. The output of these discussions will be a better identification of strategic issues and the beginnings of solutions that will be transformed eventually into motions for EC votes.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122294595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design-Based Safety 安全设计
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i2.86
D. maccollum
{"title":"Design-Based Safety","authors":"D. maccollum","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i2.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i2.86","url":null,"abstract":"The role of system safety engineers is to ensure the inclusion of design-based safety so that projects are completed ahead of schedule and under budget. Removal of hazards during planning and project design includes examining each piece of equipment to be used on the construction project. Most serious construction injuries and deaths caused by workplace accidents can be traced to inherent hazardous design defects. Construction workers are often unaware of these defects and, even if they are aware, they have no authority to improve on the design.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126096292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
TBD TBD
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i1.97
Charles Hoes
{"title":"TBD","authors":"Charles Hoes","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i1.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i1.97","url":null,"abstract":"Spring has just about sprung as I write this where I am. Of course, many might question whether or not that even applies to California? What that means is there’s a good chance we are past the worst of the winter storms. If we remain incredibly lucky, California’s Oroville Dam might actually hold together long enough for critical repairs to be completed this spring and summer. I don’t think people appreciate just how close the spillway failure came to being a massive, unbelievable catastrophe. When the powers that be issued the emergency evacuation order for the surrounding communities, they fully expected the spillway to burst within the hour. They didn’t say that it “might” fail within the hour; they said that it “would” fail within the hour. Luckily, they were wrong. It is not clear how large a catastrophe that would have unleashed, but it would have been far larger than 200,000 people running for their lives indicates. That, as they say, would have been just the tip of the iceberg.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132583890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
System Safety in Healthcare 医疗保健系统安全
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v55i3.35
D. Raheja, M. Escano
{"title":"System Safety in Healthcare","authors":"D. Raheja, M. Escano","doi":"10.56094/jss.v55i3.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v55i3.35","url":null,"abstract":"Unsafe work practices can happen in many ways. The following lengthy list includes examples of potential causes: \u0000 \u0000Excessive work for clinicians \u0000Too many unnecessary reports and requirements \u0000Over-dependence on technology \u0000Conflict between the need for professional autonomy and establishing the dynamically changing best processes \u0000Care delivery “silos” resulting from lack of interdepartmental teamwork \u0000Constant distractions and interruptions \u0000Too many policies and procedures, leading to a tendency to follow marginally effective methods \u0000Over-reliance on electronic medical tracking taking precedence over bedside discussions with patients \u0000Inattention to detail \u0000Lack of motivation to get, or resources for, a second opinion \u0000Quick diagnosis based on past observations \u0000Inadequate attention to medical equipment dangers \u0000Insufficient effort in infection prevention \u0000People pretending the negative would not happen to them \u0000Hospitals looking for quick profit \u0000Questionable alternate boards certifying physicians who may not be qualified \u0000A lack of passion for work \u0000Unfavorable workflows, such as labs located far from the emergency department \u0000A lack of clarity of what is required to assure patient safety \u0000Too much team consensus instead of challenging the quality of intervention \u0000","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132358639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design-Based Safety 安全设计
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i1.96
D. maccollum
{"title":"Design-Based Safety","authors":"D. maccollum","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i1.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i1.96","url":null,"abstract":"In 1726, Jonathan Swift wrote a novel about Gulliver’s Travels. The story of Gulliver’s first voyage describes the goals and mindset of the Lilliputians as they attempted to tie down and restrict technical advances known to larger and superior individuals. The story is a satire about how the real world’s progress is hampered by mental lightweights who object to better ways of doing things. \u0000Specialists in design-based system safety are vulnerable to “Lilliputians” who are out of touch with technology and engage a biased media in attempting to stop the use of reliable design-based safety.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123339383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Notes on Society History 社会史笔记
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i1.99
Rex B. Gordon
{"title":"Notes on Society History","authors":"Rex B. Gordon","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i1.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i1.99","url":null,"abstract":"A Webster’s definition of “orthodoxy” is “a belief or a way of thinking that is accepted as true or correct.” The founding fathers of our Society were convinced that the System Safety Concept (SSC), as articulated by Chuck Miller and other visionaries of that time, was true and correct. Moreover, it provided a critical means for reducing the catastrophic aerospace mishaps so prevalent during our “Cold War” race for nuclear missile supremacy, a key to preventing World War III. At that time, system safety — the “new kid on the block” — was being challenged by the design, reliability, quality and traditional safety interests as being redundant to their activities and an unnecessary drain on available funding.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"4 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114020349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forensic Attacks Analysis and the Cyber Security of Safety-Critical Industrial Control Systems 安全关键型工业控制系统的取证攻击分析和网络安全
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i1.102
Chris W. Johnson, R. Harkness, Maria Evangelopoulou
{"title":"Forensic Attacks Analysis and the Cyber Security of Safety-Critical Industrial Control Systems","authors":"Chris W. Johnson, R. Harkness, Maria Evangelopoulou","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i1.102","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) applications monitor and control a wide range of safety-related functions. These include energy generation, where failures could have significant, irreversible consequences. They also include the control systems that are used in the manufacture of safety-related products. In this case, “bugs” in an ICS/SCADA system could introduce flaws in the production of components; these flaws remain undetected before being incorporated into safety-related applications. Industrial Control Systems, typically, use devices and networks that are different from conventional IP-based infrastructures. These differences prevent the re-use of existing cyber-security products in ICS/SCADA environments; the architectures, file formats and process structures are all different. This paper supports the forensic analysis of industrial control systems in safety-related applications. In particular, we describe how forensic attack analysis is used to identify weaknesses in devices so that we can both protect components and determine the information that must be analyzed during the aftermath of a cyber-incident. Simulated attacks detect vulnerabilities; a risk-based approach can then be used to assess the likelihood and impact of any breach. These risk assessments are then used to justify both immediate and longer-term countermeasures.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128217599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Sex Offspring Ratio and Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure 性别、子代比例与射频辐射暴露
Journal of System Safety Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.56094/jss.v53i1.100
D. Boulais
{"title":"Sex Offspring Ratio and Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure","authors":"D. Boulais","doi":"10.56094/jss.v53i1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i1.100","url":null,"abstract":"Radiofrequency (RF) radiation is a silent and invisible hazard for both high-access window cleaners and telecommunications riggers that can heat body tissue, resulting in injury. In this study, a total of 68 high-access window cleaners were interviewed to establish their sex offspring ratio. Results indicated that there was no significant variance to that of the general Australian population. \u0000The high-access window cleaning industry has a lower awareness of this hazard than the telecommunications industry. This study compares and contrasts its outcomes against a similar study within the telecommunications industry (n = 68), which also identified no significant variance. \u0000As mobile telecommunication networks expand, the risk for high-access window cleaners will increase. Therefore, the study recommended that high-access window cleaning companies should revise their safety systems to ensure this hazard is addressed. A further recommendation was that this study should be repeated in the future to determine if expanding telecommunications networks and increased potential exposure has affected sex offspring ratios.","PeriodicalId":250838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of System Safety","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131857550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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