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A transit time model of space charge and its comparison to experimental data 空间电荷的传递时间模型及其与实验数据的比较
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264191
K. Jensen, Y. Lau, J. Lebowitz, J. Luginsland
{"title":"A transit time model of space charge and its comparison to experimental data","authors":"K. Jensen, Y. Lau, J. Lebowitz, J. Luginsland","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264191","url":null,"abstract":"A simple one-dimensional account of space charge in an anode-cathode (AK) gap is based on a transit time model. Two limiting cases are treated: thermionic and field emission. Each case is compared to experimental thermionic and field emission data in the literature and the correspondence is shown to be good.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121803690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fabrication and characterization of pressed Y2O3 doped Ba-W dispenser cathode 压压Y2O3掺杂Ba-W分点阴极的制备与表征
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264174
Fan Yang, Jinshu Wang, W. Liu, Yiman Wang
{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of pressed Y2O3 doped Ba-W dispenser cathode","authors":"Fan Yang, Jinshu Wang, W. Liu, Yiman Wang","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264174","url":null,"abstract":"A new kind of pressed Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> doped Ba-W dispenser cathodes are prepared by a sol-gel method combined with high temperature sintering in dry hydrogen atmosphere. The results show that the growth of the grains is hampered by the pinning effect of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> distributing uniformly on the surfaces of tungsten particles, resulting in the formation of small grain size. It is found that Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> improves the secondary electron emission property, i.e., the secondary emission yield increases with the increase of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content in the samples. The maximum secondary emission yield δ<sub>max</sub> of the cathode with 15% amount of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> can reach 2.92. Furthermore, the cathode shows a certain thermionic emission performance. The zero field emission current density J<sub>0</sub> of 4.18A/cm has reached at 1050<sup>o</sup>C<sub>b</sub> for this kind of cathode after being activated at 1200<sup>o</sup>Cb, which are much higher than that of rare earth oxide doped molybdenum (REO-Mo) cathode reported in the previous work.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126115891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical properties of nanoparticles reinforced Mo-Ni braze for a dispenser cathode application 纳米颗粒增强钼镍钎焊点阴极材料的力学性能
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264206
D. Busbaher, W. Liu, D. P. Sekulic
{"title":"Mechanical properties of nanoparticles reinforced Mo-Ni braze for a dispenser cathode application","authors":"D. Busbaher, W. Liu, D. P. Sekulic","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264206","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of nanoparticles (either Mo-Ni or SiC) reinforced Mo-Ni brazes were studied by microindentation. It was noticed that: (i) for MoNi near-eutectic fillers doped with 3% and composed of 100% Mo-Ni nanoparticles the non-eutectic phase features consistently a larger hardness than the eutectic phase. Fillers with various additions of Mo-Ni nanoparticles respond differently to the indentation. An appearance of cracks hasn't been noticed in this case. (ii) for Mo-Ni near-eutectic fillers doped with 1%, 3% and 5% SiC nanoparticles, two phases with different hardness are identified as phases I and II. Cracks still exist in all cases with the addition of SiC nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122751955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Diamond bonding and metallization for electron transmission cathodes 电子传输阴极的金刚石键合和金属化
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264196
J. Shaw, F. Wood, J. Yater, K. Jensen, B. Pate, J. Hanna, R. Myers, T. Feigelson
{"title":"Diamond bonding and metallization for electron transmission cathodes","authors":"J. Shaw, F. Wood, J. Yater, K. Jensen, B. Pate, J. Hanna, R. Myers, T. Feigelson","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264196","url":null,"abstract":"We report progress in mounting small thin diamond sheets over holes in larger substrates in a manner that allows electron beam amplification. In addition to a physical mount, our bonding method must be compatible with the creation and maintenance of the negative electron affinity surface and operation at elevated temperatures. We use a transient liquid phase bonding method wherein the constituent metals react to increase their melting point and also reduce their vapor pressure.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129504562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The vacuum-sealed micro-focus X-ray tube with CNT field emitters 带碳纳米管场发射体的真空密封微聚焦x射线管
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264163
Jin-Woo Jeong, Jae-Woo Kim, Sungyoul Choi, Jun-Tae Kang, Yoon-Ho Song
{"title":"The vacuum-sealed micro-focus X-ray tube with CNT field emitters","authors":"Jin-Woo Jeong, Jae-Woo Kim, Sungyoul Choi, Jun-Tae Kang, Yoon-Ho Song","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264163","url":null,"abstract":"We have successfully operated the vacuum-sealed pentode X-ray tube with carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitters. Each component of the X-ray tube was sealed by a two-step brazing process in a vacuum furnace. The robust CNT emitter was specially developed for high-temperature endurance during the vacuum brazing process.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123855228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emission mechanism and technical progresses for M-type cathodes m型阴极的发射机理及技术进展
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264199
Shengyi Yin, Yongqing Zhang
{"title":"Emission mechanism and technical progresses for M-type cathodes","authors":"Shengyi Yin, Yongqing Zhang","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264199","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the emission mechanism and new key technologies for manufacturing M-type cathodes with high performances are introduced.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125724958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
SOURCE software for the simulation and design of electron guns SOURCE软件用于电子枪的仿真与设计
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264188
J. Rouse, Haoning Liu, Xieqing Zhu, E. Munro
{"title":"SOURCE software for the simulation and design of electron guns","authors":"J. Rouse, Haoning Liu, Xieqing Zhu, E. Munro","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264188","url":null,"abstract":"Our SOURCE software handles 2D simulation and design of electron guns, including thermionic, thermal field and cold field emission guns, with electrostatic and magnetic focusing. The fields are computed by Second-Order Finite Element Method, which can handle large scale changes, curved cathodes and electrodes. Space charge effects are modeled by iterative solution of Poisson's equation. The program predicts source size and position, brightness, spherical and chromatic aberration. Recent enhancements include effects of secondary and back-scattered electrons, asymmetry aberrations due to tolerancing errors, N-body simulation of discrete Coulomb interactions, including energy and lateral broadening. The software runs in a Graphical User Interface, and post-processing features include through-focal plots of spot size, current density distributions, and emittance diagrams. The software handles a wide range of guns, from high-power klystrons to guns with Carbon Nanotube field emitters.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129981822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of multi-beam cathode using thermionic emission microscope 热电子发射显微镜表征多束阴极
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264190
S. Shukla, S. R. Ruddarraju, R. Prajesh, N. Rajoriya
{"title":"Characterization of multi-beam cathode using thermionic emission microscope","authors":"S. Shukla, S. R. Ruddarraju, R. Prajesh, N. Rajoriya","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264190","url":null,"abstract":"Thermionic emission microscope (THEM) is an analytical research tool to study the emission uniformity of a thermionic cathode. In this paper, the design of electrostatic lens for a multi-beam cathode (MBC) has been given using 2-D TRAK and Omni-TRAK codes. The design of single beam lens system, available with us, containing a small cathode has been modified to study large size MBC using scaling laws. The present MBC contains 19 protruding buttons contributing to 19 beamlets whose image is projected onto the screen for study. The influence of various parameters such as protrusion, diameter of button, and their interspacing has been studied. The studies prove that THEM could be used as an effective tool for the characterization of MBC.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127830730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ultra wide band UHF chaotic impulse generator 超宽带超高频混沌脉冲发生器
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264162
B. Dmitriev, J. D. Zharkov, V. N. Skorokhodov, S. A. Sadovnikov
{"title":"Ultra wide band UHF chaotic impulse generator","authors":"B. Dmitriev, J. D. Zharkov, V. N. Skorokhodov, S. A. Sadovnikov","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264162","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents basic characteristics of UHF chaotic ultra wideband generator, based on TWT. It is shown that in such generator chaotic radio-impulses with 3 GHz continuous wideband and 22.5 W peak power may be produced.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114548884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Scandia doped impregnated cathode prepared with hollow tungsten spheres 用空心钨球制备掺钪浸渍阴极
IVESC 2012 Pub Date : 2012-04-24 DOI: 10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264159
Jinshu Wang, Yuntao Cui, W. Liu, Xi Wang, Yiman Wang, Meiling Zhou
{"title":"Scandia doped impregnated cathode prepared with hollow tungsten spheres","authors":"Jinshu Wang, Yuntao Cui, W. Liu, Xi Wang, Yiman Wang, Meiling Zhou","doi":"10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVESC.2012.6264159","url":null,"abstract":"The scandia doped tungsten powders have been obtained by a new method of spray drying combined with two-step reduction in hydrogen atmosphere. Based on the powders, the cathode impregnated with 612 aluminates (SDI-612) has excellent emission capability of 72.2A/cm<sup>2</sup> at 900<sup>o</sup>C<sub>b</sub>, moreover, the SDI-612 cathode has a lower evaporation rate of 8.45*10<sup>-9</sup>g.cm<sup>-2</sup>s<sup>-1</sup> at 1150<sup>o</sup>C<sub>b</sub>.","PeriodicalId":249267,"journal":{"name":"IVESC 2012","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123336466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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