{"title":"Mitigation of snowstorm risks on power transmission systems based on optimal generation re-dispatch","authors":"P. Javanbakht, S. Mohagheghi","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747850","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-step methodology is proposed in this paper to help prevent ice accretion on the power transmission lines exposed to severe ice and snowstorms. The goal is to use the heat gain due to resistive losses in the line to prevent ice from being formed. The proposed algorithm first attempts to re-dispatch the power generation units in such a way that it increases the flow of power through the at-risk lines. If this is not sufficient in preventing ice accretion, in the next step, an area-based forced outage scenario is determined through which one or more lines are intentionally de-energized in order to further increase the power flows through the at-risk lines. If none of the previous steps manage to bring these lines back into safety, a stochastic contingency constrained generation dispatch model is formulated as a last resort so as to maintain the continuity of supply to the loads subject to possible failure of one or more at-risk lines due to severe ice accretion. The IEEE 118-bus power system has been used as a case study to provide numerical results and evaluate the efficiency of the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131447004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Mumbaikar, G. Wang, S. Bhil, N. Singh, A. Stankovic
{"title":"Equation-free dynamic modelling of power system and detection of bifurcation point","authors":"U. Mumbaikar, G. Wang, S. Bhil, N. Singh, A. Stankovic","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747979","url":null,"abstract":"Equation-free technique is based on multiscale approach which operates on fine scale to elucidate dynamics of coarse scale. It has been used for years in fields such as physics, chemical engineering, mathematics and biology. With increasing complexity of power system component models, the analysis of system level behaviour is uncertain or is computationally prohibitive by conventional methods. This technique has potential to overcome unavailability of a system level model and provide accurate results simultaneously without being computationally too expensive. This paper implements the equation-free technique to determine the point of voltage collapse in a simple power system. The technique is used to acquire dynamics of system in terms of dynamic phasors. The bifurcation point is detected by observing the dynamic phasor coefficient plot.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125503102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of communication requirements for voltage regulation control with advanced inverters","authors":"M. Reno, J. Quiroz, O. Lavrova, R. Byrne","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747903","url":null,"abstract":"A central control algorithm was developed to utilize photovoltaic system advanced inverter functions, specifically fixed power factor and constant reactive power, to provide distribution system voltage regulation and to mitigate voltage regulator tap operations by using voltage measurements at the regulator. As with any centralized control strategy, the capabilities of the control require a reliable and fast communication infrastructure. These communication requirements were evaluated by varying the interval at which the controller sends dispatch commands and evaluating the effectiveness to mitigate tap operations. The control strategy was demonstrated to perform well for communication intervals faster than the delay on the voltage regulator (30 seconds). The communication reliability, latency, and bandwidth requirements were also evaluated.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"31 19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125669978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Challenges and opportunities: Microgrid modular design for tribal healthcare facilities","authors":"Samuel Vega Cotto, Weijen Lee","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747839","url":null,"abstract":"There exist significant challenges and opportunities for improvement the power system of healthcare facilities for American Indian and Alaska natives. Creativities, new technologies, and joint efforts among different stakeholders are needed to address tribal concerns about their environment, their wild life and their traditions while improving the electrical power system. This paper establishes plans and methodology to include the research process in the power system design utilizing Kayenta health center, which is located in the Navajo nation, as a subject study. A microgrid modular design architecture is defined. Modeling and simulation tools combined with experimental results are proposed for future implementation of the actual microgrid. The microgrid architecture can be used for improvement the power system of existing and new healthcare facilities for American Indian and Alaska natives.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128245535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid system modeling and supervisory control of a microgrid","authors":"Elham Foruzan, S. Asgarpoor, Justin M. Bradley","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747840","url":null,"abstract":"A new approach to designing a microgrid supervisory controller based on a hybrid automaton is described. A microgrid is defined as a small-scale local grid, comprised of various distributed energy resources (DERs), loads, and energy storage systems. Due to the intermittency of renewable generation, microgrid controllers play a vital role maintaining microgrid stability and integrity in case of an energy shortage (surplus) or when subjected to any disturbances. These controllers should be designed to provide proper control of voltage and frequency. Supervisory controllers are high level control systems that perform optimization, faults detection, protection, and energy management based on their observation from the microgrid. Supervisory controllers define set points to the local controllers for DERs and loads. In this paper, the joint continuous and discrete behavior of the supervisory controller is addressed using a hybrid controller. A complete model of the hybrid automaton (HA) is formalized and tested through one case study of a microgrid using DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. According to the results, the controller can thoroughly manage the load flow within and outside the microgrid.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123341718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stealthy cyber attacks and impact analysis on wide-area protection of smart grid","authors":"Vivek Kumar Singh, Altay Ozen, M. Govindarasu","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747927","url":null,"abstract":"Smart grid is vulnerable to many cyber attacks due to legacy nature of the infrastructure coupled with increase in control and monitoring functions through cyber advancements. Remedial Action Scheme (RAS), widely used for wide area protection, provides autonomous operations through the RAS controller. Due to its dependence on the timely cooperation of multiple devices and communication network, it is highly vulnerable to cyber attacks. In this paper, we present an impact analysis for the power system due to a class of malware-based coordinated cyber attacks targeting the RAS scheme. Specifically, we make the following two contributions. First, modeling a stealth attack vector based on malware and coordinated attack behavior. In particular installing the malware (Trojan horse) in the RAS controller which turns the controller into an attacker's bot. Then, performing a coordinated attack which involves malicious tripping of one of the parallel lines connected to a generator followed by the continuous pulse attack on the generator. The pulse attack includes periodically changing the generations through RAS controller which remains undetected by the control center. Second, testbed-based implementation and evaluation to quantify system impacts. We have leveraged Iowa State's PowerCyber CPS security testbed for experimental evaluation. In our evaluation, we varied the duty cycle of the pulse attack to obtain different attack scenarios and consequent impacts are analyzed on modified IEEE 9-bus system in real-time simulation. Our studies show that the duty cycle of the pulse attack is a critical factor in determining the severity of the attack impacts on system stability.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"15 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113954582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and optimal scheduling of integrated thermal and electrical energy microgrid","authors":"J. Deboever, S. Grijalva","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747841","url":null,"abstract":"Microgrids have become attractive electricity supply and management options that support local power generation, increased reliability, sustainability, and cost reductions. Microgrid sources often include solar PV, wind, and a thermal generation. Thermal generation alone has low conversion efficiency. On the other hand, a combined heat and power (CHP) generator provides additional benefits by taking advantage of the exhaust heat from the generator to fulfill the thermal demand of a building. Thus an integrated microgrid that includes renewable energy and a CHP unit to serve electrical and thermal loads of buildings can achieve higher overall efficiency. In this paper, we model a thermal and electrical energy microgrid, which accounts for the nonlinear efficiency of a Capstone CHP unit and the thermal dynamics of a building. We present the steady-state model as well as the optimization scheduling formulation to minimize the integrated operating cost of the microgrids. The model is simulated under three electricity pricing structures to gain insight into the impacts of pricing on the daily operation of the microgrid.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"24 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114043691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric Galvan, P. Mandal, M. Velez-Reyes, S. Kamalasadan
{"title":"Transactive control mechanism for efficient management of EVs charging in transactive energy environment","authors":"Eric Galvan, P. Mandal, M. Velez-Reyes, S. Kamalasadan","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747937","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a transactive energy (TE) approach through a transactive control (TC) mechanism for efficient electric vehicle (EV)-grid integration and management with the goal of minimizing the charging cost of EVs and mitigating the adverse effects on the grid. Charging EVs can present undesirable effects, e.g., overload components, in the distribution systems. In the proposed TE+TC approach, the distribution system operator (DSO) generates a distribution locational marginal price (DLMP) for the transactive nodes (TNs) which is then sent to each customer's house, assuming that the TN and the customers have local agents. Based on their needs and the received transactive incentive signal (TIS), consumers will determine their EVs charging hours. Upon execution, the consumer sends the information back to the transformer as a transactive feedback signal (TFS). This information allows the DSO to recalculate its TIS at the TN and adjust the new demand pattern accordingly. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed TE+TC approach, this paper considers a case study of a transformer located at a 6-bus distribution feeder test system.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116476281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of photovoltaic systems on power quality","authors":"K. Rahimi, Saeed Mohajeryami, A. Majzoobi","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747955","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable Energy Resources (RER) are growing steadily and they are projected to supply all the electricity demand in the future. Currently, wind and solar energy resources have the highest rates of growth, and specifically in the recent years, solar energy has been number one in growth rate among all types of renewable resources. However, dealing with the solar energy's intermittent nature is the main challenge of its utilization. Fluctuations of received solar irradiance can cause significant variations to the output of Photovoltaic (PV) systems. Those output variations can also affect voltage and current at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) and consequently, power quality of the system. In this work, fluctuations of a PV system due to a cloud shadow are simulated and their effects on Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), and Individual Harmonic Distortion (IHD) during the period in which the cloud shadow passes over the PV system are studied. Simulations results show that decrease in received irradiance caused by the cloud shadow can significantly impact the current THD of the system. Moreover, the effect of the impedance between the utility grid and the PCC on voltage THD is assessed.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114581709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing impact of communication network topologies on reconfiguration of networked microgrids","authors":"V. Venkataramanan, Yipeng Zhou, A. Srivastava","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747931","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the impact of communication network on the performance of reconfiguration of networked microgrids. Various communication network topologies can be used to support the microgrid operation, each offering a set of advantages and disadvantages on the performance of reconfiguration. Network Simulator 3 (NS3) is used for the communication system simulation. A test system with two proximal microgrids based on the CERTS concept is developed in MATLAB, with a few modifications for interconnection and reconfiguration. A reconfiguration algorithm developed in MATLAB aims to supply the maximum amount of load supported by communication network for data exchange. Various case studies with different communication network topologies, loss of communication links and initiating event for microgrid reconfiguration are performed. The simulation results are discussed to analyze the impact of supporting communication network on operational time of the reconfiguration of networked microgrids.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133169013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}