{"title":"Impact of energy storage systems on the management of fault current at LV network with high penetration of distributed generation","authors":"K. N. Bangash, M. Farrag, A. Osman","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.6.3.195-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.6.3.195-206","url":null,"abstract":"Penetration level of renewable energy such as solar and wind power into the grid is sharply increasing worldwide. This paper investigates the impact of the increasing level of distributed generation (DG) on the distribution network protection. Studies were commenced to mitigate the effect of small scale embedded generation (SSEG) on the system fault levels. Residential DG penetration level is modelled on the UK typical low voltage (LV) network considering the fault level stability limits. Based on penetration level of DG energy storages in the form of battery bank are determined to charge and discharge according to daily load cycle. Short circuit analysis results are compared with the UK passive network to investigate the impact of the DG on the short circuit currents at the distribution transformer. In this study, power flow from the transformer secondary is kept within limits to avoid malfunctioning of relays. The flow of reverse power in the presence of DG is confined by energy storage elements.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134021515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. A. Pambudi, K. Itaoka, Andrew J. Chapman, Nguyen Dinh Hoa, Natsuki Yamakawa
{"title":"Biomass energy in Japan: Current status and future potential","authors":"N. A. Pambudi, K. Itaoka, Andrew J. Chapman, Nguyen Dinh Hoa, Natsuki Yamakawa","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.6.2.119-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.6.2.119-126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130155874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal distribution in smart grids with volatile renewable sources using a message passing algorithm","authors":"Elizabeth Harrison, D. Saad, K. Y. Wong","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.5.4.221-228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.5.4.221-228","url":null,"abstract":"The design of future electricity grids will allow for renewable energy generators to be effectively incorporated into the network. Current methods of economic dispatch were not designed to accommodate the level of volatility and uncertain nature of sources such as wind and solar; here we demonstrate how an optimisation algorithm called message passing, which is based on principled statistical physics methodologies and is inherently probabilistic, could be an alternative way of considering source volatility efficiently and reliably. The algorithm iteratively passes probabilistic messages in order to find an approximate global optimal solution with moderate computational complexity and inherently consider source volatility. We demonstrate the capabilities of message passing as a distribution algorithm in the presence of uncertainty on synthetic benchmark IEEE networks and show how the volatility increase effects distribution costs","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123132628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Pozuelo, M. P. D. Leon, J. Howard, Alan Briones, Jerry Horgan, Julia Sánchez
{"title":"Software defined utility: A step towards a flexible, reliable and low-cost smart grid","authors":"R. Pozuelo, M. P. D. Leon, J. Howard, Alan Briones, Jerry Horgan, Julia Sánchez","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.5.4.280-289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.5.4.280-289","url":null,"abstract":"The Smart Grid relies in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) but usually there is still a lack of integration in their deployment. They are designed as separated systems and managed that way too. In addition, the changes in the electric network are so complex and dependable on a very rigid hardware architecture. Based on the work done in the European project FINESCE, this paper presents the “Software Defined Utility “(SDU) concept, which advocates the migration of the utility infrastructure to software systems instead of relying on complex and rigid hardware based systems. This new approach provides a prospective view on the evolution of power systems that will benefit from software systems and high-speed data network infrastructures. More concretely, as a first SDU building block, the paper proposes a data storage and management system based on a hybrid cloud infrastructure to meet the storage requirements of electric utilities. In this regard, the following dimensions have been analysed: the most appropriate methodology to select where data resources should be allocated; security requirements and threads taking into account its deployment in a critical infrastructure like a Smart Grid.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132751870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Study of Wax Deposition in Pipeline – Effect of Inhibitor and Spiral Flow","authors":"M. Theyab, P. Diaz","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.5.3.174-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.5.3.174-181","url":null,"abstract":"Wax deposition is one of the main flow assurance problems in the oil industry. It can result in the restriction of crude oil flow in the pipeline, creating pressure abnormalities and causing an artificial blockage leading to a reduction or interruption in the production. Wax can precipitate as a solid phase on the pipe wall when its temperature (inlet coolant temperature) drops below the Wax Appearance Temperature (WAT). An experimental flow loop system was built in the lab to study the variation of wax deposition thickness under the single phase transport. A series of experiments were carried out at different flow rates (2.7 and 4.8 L/min) to study wax deposition and measure the wax thickness using four different techniques including direct technique pigging, pressure drop, heat transfer and liquid displacement-level detection (LD-LD). The effect of factors on wax formation such as inlet coolant temperature, inhibitor and spiral flow has been examined. The results show the wax inhibition percentage (WI)% was 40% and 45% at flow rate 2.7 and 4.8 L/min respectively of the inhibitor W802 (polyacrylate polymer (C16-C22)) at inlet coolant temperature 14 oC. The wax reduction percentage (WR) % was 65% and 73% at flow rate 2.7 and 4.8 L/min respectively of the spiral flow at inlet coolant temperature 14 oC. This percentage of inhibition will increased rapidly by increasing the inlet coolant temperature.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127778747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of potential biogas production from rice straw leachate in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor","authors":"N. Rosli, S. Idrus, N. Daud, A. Ahsan","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.5.3.135-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.5.3.135-143","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the potential of Rice Straw Leachate (RSL) to generate biogas and investigate its biodegradability by determining the differences between the theoretical yield and the actual one at its increasing organic loading rate. Seven litre working volume of Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor is employed under mesophilic condition at temperature of 38 for approximately 17 consecutive weeks. The process performance was evaluated based on the efficiency of COD removal and Specific Methane Production (SMP) in relation to the other parameters such as pH, Organic Loading Rate (OLR), Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) and alkalinity ratio. The OLR were varied at 0.43, 0.55, 0.9 and 1.55g COD/L/d with average COD removal of 79%, 81.2%, 76.1%, and 75.8% respectively. The stability of anaerobic digestion of RSL in UASB was found maintained at an increasing OLR with indicator of pH, TAN and IA/PA ratio that always maintain in the range of 6.5-6.8, below 200mg/L and 0.3 respectively. Meanwhile, the optimum average SMP and COD removal efficiency were 0.18L CH4g-1CODrem and 81.2% respectively, at applied OLR of 0.55g COD/L/d. This study also revealed a relatively high deviation of SMP from its theoretical value, indicating its low degradability and the limitation of nutrient factors present in RSL.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130434310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validation of predictive models to estimate annual PV production: A case study of odisha","authors":"R. K. Tarai, P. Kale","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.5.3.160-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.5.3.160-167","url":null,"abstract":"The decision to install a PV plant depends on three major factors: the climatic and environment conditions of the location, the viability of commercial operations, and the government policies. Economic feasibility of a PV system in the energy market is largely driven by the cost of technology, the cost of installation, and the yield of the plant. Considering uncertain nature of geographical parameters (solar radiation, temperature, dust accumulation, etc.), development of a reliable model to predict the energy output of a plant-to-be installed becomes essential. The model ensures the long-term performance criteria of the PV system. The proposed model considers a case study of Odisha by taking only two meteorological variables collected from 1195 locations: total annual incident global radiation on the PV module and annual average air temperature. The developed model is independent of longitude and latitude, elevation, and other environment conditions. Model is validated using the data collected from SN Mohanty solar power plant situated at Cuttack. The paper focuses on simplification at every stage of the development while validating the preciseness of the model.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129215523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of electric vehicles on the IEEE 34 node distribution infrastructure","authors":"Zeming Jiang, Laith Shalalfel, M. Beshir","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.3.4.417-424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.3.4.417-424","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing penetration of the electric vehicles to our daily life owing to their economic and environmental benefits, there will be both opportunities and challenges to the utilities when adopting plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) to the distribution network. In this study, a thorough analysis based on real-world project is conducted to evaluate the impacts of electric vehicles infrastructure on the grid relating to system load flow, load factor, and voltage stability. IEEE 34 node test feeder was selected and tested along with different case scenarios utilizing the electrical distribution design (EDD) software to find out the potential impacts to the grid.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126214946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Energy Management of Light Electric Vehicle","authors":"F. A. Azidin, M. A. Hannan, A. Mohamed","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.2.2.271-276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.2.2.271-276","url":null,"abstract":"Oil depletion, global warming and CO2 gas emissions have become a concern and have motivated the development of an efficient and extendable energy management system (EMS) using renewable energy sources for light vehicles. In this paper, a state-based logic control algorithm is developed for a multi-source EMS for light electric vehicle, i.e., electric scooters. The multiple sources of energy, such as a battery, fuel cell (FC), and super-capacitor (SC), EMS and power controller are designed and modeled using MATLAB. The developed control strategies continuously support the EMS of the multiple sources of energy for a scooter under normal load conditions. The performance of the proposed system is analyzed and compared with that of the ECE-47 test drive cycle in terms of vehicle speed and load power. The results show that the designed vehicle’s speed and load power closely match those of the ECE-47 test driving cycle under normal conditions. This study results suggest that the proposed control algorithm provides an efficient and feasible EMS for light electric vehicles.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117267595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitigation of Wind Power Fluctuation by Active Current Control of Variable Speed Wind Turbines","authors":"Yunqian Zhang, Zhe Chen, Weihao Hu, M. Cheng","doi":"10.12720/SGCE.2.2.252-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/SGCE.2.2.252-257","url":null,"abstract":"Wind shear and tower shadow are the sources of power fluctuation of grid connected wind turbines during continuous operation. This paper presents a simulation model of a MW-level doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based variable speed wind turbine with a partial-scale back-to-back power converter in Simulink. A simple and effective method of wind power fluctuations mitigation by active current control of DFIG is proposed. It smoothes the generator output active power oscillations by adjusting the active current of the DFIG, such that the power oscillation is stored as the kinetic energy of the wind turbine. The simulations are performed on the NREL 1.5MW upwind reference wind turbine model. The simulation results are presented and discussed to demonstrate the validity of the proposed control method.","PeriodicalId":247617,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117171567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}