The Internet Journal of Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"“Assessment Of Oral Health Status And Treatment Needs Of Police Personnel Of Haryana, India”","authors":"R. Sohi, V. Bansal, K. Veeresha, R. Gambhir","doi":"10.5580/2082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2082","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the oral health status and treatment needs of police personnel in police stations of three districts (Ambala, Yamunanagar and Kurukshetra) within 35 km radius around M.M.C.D.S.R. Mullana. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on all the available police personnel (652) at 22 police stations, 2 S.P. offices and a ‘Police Line’. The data were recorded on modified W.H.O format (1997). Blood pressure was recorded and varicose veins were checked.Results: The mean age of subjects was 41.02 years (SD= 12.29), 98.9 % (645) were males and 1.1 % (7) were females. Hypertension was the most common (9.97%) self reported systemic condition. 54.14% (353) subjects reported to be in need of some dental treatment and more than half of these subjects blamed ‘lack of time’ as the major reason for not being able to get that treatment done. The prevalence of dental caries was 54.3 % and the mean DMFT was 3.05. Mean number of teeth requiring filling and extraction were 0.44 and 0.67 respectively. 31.29 % subjects needed some prosthesis in maxillary while 40. 03 % subjects needed some prosthesis in mandibular arch (p<0.05) whereas a very small number of subjects possessed some dental prosthesis. Regarding highest CPI score, 23.6 % subjects had a healthy periodontium while maximum subjects (61.3 %) had a score 2. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries was quite low. Despite a high prosthetic need, only a small number of subjects possessed dental prosthesis. Overall periodontal status was good with a high number of subjects having completely healthy periodontium. The high level of ‘felt’ dental needs of the subjects seemed to be due to lack of time to visit a dentist. Their nature of job is such that they are subjected to physical, mental and emotional stress.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126261177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women Awareness about AIDS: Evidence from Natore District of Bangladesh","authors":"M. Chowdhury, M. Islam, M. Hossain","doi":"10.5580/21c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/21c","url":null,"abstract":"HIV/ AIDS is a alarming influential cause of death in worldwide facing the growing rate at risk with epidemic concern. This study is used to analysis the women awareness about HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh. Primary data have been used by using multi-stage sampling design. Logistic regression procedure is applied in the study. The results reveal that majority women know the name of AIDS and preventive measure with consistent used of condom. The Chi-square (ρ) test result implies that parents’ education and occupation; watching television (TV) and regular meeting with health workers are highly significantly associated with heard the name of AIDS, knowledge about AIDS and preventive knowledge of AIDS. Logistic analysis indicates the women who watching TV have 10.621 times higher knowledge about AIDS than the women who do not watch TV. Literate women are 2.237 times more likely to know condom prevent AIDS than illiterate women and the women who watching TV, their preventive knowledge 9.917 times higher than the women who haven’t watched TV. Therefore, we should create opportunity for available access to electronic media with upholds overall education.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125531987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Status of adolescent girls of rural Haryana","authors":"M. Kalhan, B. Vashisht, Vijay Kumar, Seema Sharma","doi":"10.5580/29b5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/29b5","url":null,"abstract":"RESEARCH QUESTION : What is the nutritional status of rural adolescent girls? OBJECTIVES : 1.To assess the anthropometric status of school going girls (13-16yrs). 2. To study the relation between Haemoglobin status and Body mass index(BMI). STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: Block Lakhanmajra under Deptt. Of Community Medicine, PGIMS, Rohtak. PARTICIPANTS: 322girls (13-16yrs) from 2 randomly chosen Girls High schools of the block. . METHODOLOGY: Height and weight of the girls were measured and BMI was calculated. Haemoglobin was measured by Cyanmethaemoglobin method . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Simple proportions, Chi-square test, ANOVA test. RESULTS: Mean weight of the girls was observed as 37.6 ± 5.46kg, 40.6 ± 5.4kg and 41.3 ± 7.9kg in the age group 13-14yrs, 14-15yrs and 15-16yrs respectively. Mean height of the girls as 151.1±5.8cm, 153.4±5.4cm and 153.6±6.1cm respectively in the above said age groups. About 80% of the girls were under-nourished (BMI <18.5). The anthropometric measurements of SC/BC girls were lower than that of other castes. Mean Hb in girls with BMI <16, 16-18.5 and ≥18.5 are 9.49±1.2, 10.08±1.2and 10.83±1.18 respectively and the difference between the groups has been found to be significant. INTRODUCTION Adolescents are the best human resources. But for many years, their health has been neglected because they were considered to be less vulnerable to disease than the young children or the very old. Their health attracted global attention in the last decade only. Though the issues like STDs, reproductive health have been given due importance, but limited attention has been paid to their nutritional status. The girls constitute a more vulnerable group especially in the developing countries where they are traditionally married at an early age and are exposed to greater risk of reproductive morbidity and mortality. Under-nutrition among adolescent girls is a major public health problem leading onto impaired growth and nutritional anaemia, etc. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1. To assess the anthropometric status of school going girls(13-16yrs) 2. To study the relation between Haemoglobin status and Body mass index(BMI) MATERIAL AND METHODS STUDY AREA: The present study was carried out in block Lakhanmajra which is the field practice area attached to the Department of Community Medicine, Pt. B.D.Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. STUDY PARTICIPANTS: The study subjects were school going girls in the mid Nutritional Status of adolescent girls of rural Haryana 2 of 4 adolescent phase (13-16yrs). There were 11 Govt. Girls High Schools in the block, out of which 2 high schools were randomly selected and all the girls studying in 8, 9 and 10 standard formed part of the study. METHODOLOGY: Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were done using standard techniques. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from these parameters. Haemoglobin estimation was done by Cyanmethaemoglobin method. Appropriate statistical tests were applied for the analysis ","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127117122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern Of Trauma In Central India: An Epidemiological Study With Special Reference To Mode Of Injury","authors":"M. Swarnkar, P. Singh, Sankalp Dwivedi","doi":"10.5580/6a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/6a3","url":null,"abstract":"Research question: What are the various epidemiological factors related to trauma cases?Objectives: 1. To assess the prevalence of trauma coming to hospital 2. To know the various epidemiological factors related to trauma cases 3. To know cause and mode of injuryStudy design: Descriptive study.Setting: Study was performed in department of surgery Shyam Shah Medical College & Hospital, Rewa. Madhyapradesh, IndiaParticipants: 350 trauma victims reported in one year period.Study variables: Demographic characteristics of the victims, time, day and month of injury. Type of trauma, cause and mode etc.Statistical analysis: Proportions.Results: Out of total 3625 admissions, annual incidence of trauma was 22.78%. RTA was the commonest cause of injury (46.85%).Most common age group affected was 11-40 year age group (64.06%), with predominance of Male (79.4%) and rural population (72%). The commonest victims of trauma were Labourer (37.66%). Maximum cases of trauma occurred during summer (58.9%).Jeep was the most common vehicle involved (33.53%).In road traffic injury cases, frontal impact was the commonest mode (51.47%) most cases were unintentional injury (68%) and Alcohol intoxication was present in 11.07% of cases.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128859896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Fear And Anxiety In Different Gender Of Chennai Population","authors":"S. Natarajan, M. Seenivasan, Rasmi Paturu, Queen Alice Arul, T. V. Padmanabhan","doi":"10.5580/197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/197","url":null,"abstract":"Gender differences in dental fear have been of increasing interest among clinicians and researchers and dental fear is a common obstacle to obtain dental care. People with high dental fear have poorer oral health and often suffer significant social and psychological impacts associated with their oral state. People with dental phobia may also suffer from a variety of anxiety disorder, mood disorder, personality and behavioral disorder s as well as from multiple other specific fears. One measure of dental fear captures the aspect of state anxiety more while another measure emphasizes the aspect of trait anxiety. This study examines the gender differences of dental fear among the Chennai population across a broad range of relevant factors, including biological influences, temperamental factors, stress and trauma, cognitive factors, and environmental factors. Gender differences are observed with increasing consistency as the scope of analysis broadens to molar levels of functioning. Socialization processes cultivate and promote processes related to anxiety, and moderate gender differences across levels of analysis.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127710455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AWARENESS, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE TOWARDS INDOOR AIR POLLUTION (IAP) AMONGST RESIDENTS OF OKE – OYI IN ILORIN","authors":"G. Osagbemi, Z. Adebayo, S. Aderibigbe","doi":"10.5580/318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/318","url":null,"abstract":"Poor air quality has impact on health, especially on the poor, the elderly and children who suffer disproportionately from its effects. Air pollution also has impact far beyond each household as pollution is found on crops and contributes to global environmental issues such as climate change. Air pollution is thus a threat to human health, the environment and the quality of life of millions of Africans. This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to determine awareness, attitude and practices of residents of Oke – Oyi, a rural settlement in Kwara State, Nigeria towards Indoor Air Pollution (IAP). The 384 respondents interviewed were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data collection was by both quantitative and qualitative methods specifically using an interviewer administered questionnaire and an observational checklist. The result showed that 83.9% of the respondents were aware of IAP and their major sources of information were health workers (40.2%), teachers (33%) and the mass media (23.1%) (Radio/TV). Eighty one point three percent (81.3%) of respondents were aware of the hazards associated with IAP. Commonly known indoor air pollutants include cooking in the sleeping areas (77.9%), filthy environment (73.4%), overcrowding (70.1%) and use of mosquito coils (65.6%). A significant relationship was found between age and ethnicity of respondents and their attitudes towards indoor air pollution. Respondents were also observed to have poor practices. Hence, there is need for widespread campaigns in order to raise awareness among the community members about indoor air pollution and its effects to compliment their attitude and practices.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"340 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117292055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacoepidemiology Of Cancer In Southern India","authors":"N. Malothu, U. Veldandi, N. Yellu, R. Devarakonda, N. Yadala","doi":"10.5580/10c5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/10c5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Warangal district in Andhra Pradesh, southern India, records over many cancer cases each year. We aimed to describe the frequency, distribution, and assess quality of management and subsequent outcomes from cancer in one large hospital in the district. Methods We reviewed data of all patients admitted with different types of cancer to a district government hospital for the years 2003 to 2006. For these years, details of the particular cancer patients admitted and management were abstracted from the medical files. Findings During these four years, 1753 patients were admitted in the hospital with different types of cancer. More detailed data from the years 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 reveals that older people are more prone to any type of cancer. Incidence of cancer is more in females. Most common type of cancer in females is cervix cancer in this part of country [30%]. Women above 40 age are prone to breast and ovarian cancers [20%].The most common type of cancer in males is mouth cancer [25%]. Conclusion It is likely that these findings reflect the situation in many rural hospitals of the southern India region. Even without an increase in resources, there appear to be significant opportunities for reducing cancer incidence by better medical management and further development on the reduction of cancer.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114852247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence And Socio-Economic Factors Of Intestinal Helminth Infections Among Primary School Pupils In Ozubulu, Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"D. Ezeagwuna, I. Okwelogu, Ekejindu Im, C. Ogbuagu","doi":"10.5580/220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/220","url":null,"abstract":"260 stool samples were randomly collected from pupils in four primary schools in Ozubulu, Anambra State. The samples were collected from pupils of both sexes whose ages ranged from 5-16 years old. Using formolether concentration method, the stool samples were processed. Questionnaires were also distributed to check for relationship between infection and occupation. 125 (48.08%) were positive for various intestinal helminthes with hookworm accounting for 66 (25.38%), Ascaris lumbricoides 40 (15.38%) Trichuris trichura 15 (5.77%), and mixed infections of Ascaris and hookworm 4 (1.54%). Females had the highest prevalence rate of 76 (55.47%) compared to the males with the rate of 49 (39.84%) which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among the four primary schools examined, Nza Central School had the highest infection rate of 45 (69.23%) and the least infection 22(33.85%) was found in Amakwa Central School, and was statistically significant (P<0.05). The infection was detected in all the age groups examined, with the 11-13 years age group recording the highest infection rate of 77(85.77%). The infection occurred most in pupils whose parents were farmers 73 (59.84%). This has shown an index of the prevailing unhygienic environment, poor personal hygiene and poverty so there is an urgent need for mass deworming in all the public primary schools examined","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120944160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of postpartum perineal trauma on the frequencies perineal pain, urinary incontinence and dyspareunia","authors":"F. Sayıner, Nebahat Ozerdo an, M. Tözün, Sevgi Giray, N. Kosgeroglu, A. Ünsal","doi":"10.5580/5e2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/5e2","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the effect of postpartum perineal trauma to the frequencies of perineal pain, of urinary incontinence, and of dyspareunia.Material-Methods: This cross sectional study was done between April 1 and July 31 2005 in Eskisehir. Study group was occurred from 1500 women. The women’s first deliveries are vaginal, only one fetus, vertex presentation, term, and normal childbirth weight. Prepared in accordance with the literature a questionnaire was applied with face to face method.Results: Urinary incontinence, perineal pain, and dyspareunia frequencies were higher in women with perineal trauma than women without perineal trauma in their first childbirth (for each one p<0.05). Conclusion: This study has shown that the effect of postpartum perineal trauma urinary incontinence, perineal pain and dyspareunia frequencies increases.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129407617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment Of Periodontal Status And Treatment Needs In Karnataka, India","authors":"Tejveer Singh, Shaila V Kothiwale","doi":"10.5580/1536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1536","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives :- Increasing incidence of periodontal disease is a cause of concern and recognized potential public problem. The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiological profile of periodontal disease in rural population of Belgaum district, India. Materials and Methods ;- 1680 dentate adult subjects were examined from 12 villages in Belgaum district, Karnataka, India, for prevalence of periodontal status and their treatment needs by using Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs (CPITN) indicing system. Subjects were drawn from the age groups of 15-19 yrs, 20-29 yrs, 30-34 yrs, 45-60 yrs and 61 yrs & above. Results :-It was observed that as the age increased, the CPITN score also increased. While, CPITN score 2 (calculus) was most predominant in age groups 15-19 yrs & 20-29 yrs, CPITN score 3 (pathological pocket of 4-5 mm) was more common in the age groups 30-44 yrs & 45-60 yrs. CPITN score 4 (pathological pocket of >6 mm) was the highest in age groups 64 yrs & above. The treatment need was mainly TN-1 (oral hygiene instructions). The need for complex treatment i.e. TN-3 (deep scaling, root planning or surgery) was less in age group 15-19 yrs, but TN-3 increased with increasing age and was highest in the age group 61 yrs & above. Conclusion :- The present study indicates increase prevalence of periodontal diseases and aggressive treatment needs as the age progresses in the rural population. Therefore, adequate awareness regarding oral hygiene and importance on primary prevention could help in reducing the prevalence of periodontal disease to a great extent.","PeriodicalId":247354,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133109725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}