Journal of Forest History最新文献_第7页

The Nature Conservancy: Conservation Through Cooperation 大自然保护协会:合作保护

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004758

W. D. Blair

{"title":"The Nature Conservancy: Conservation Through Cooperation","authors":"W. D. Blair","doi":"10.2307/4004758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4004758","url":null,"abstract":"W hile Antony and Cleopatra were holding hands beside the Nile, a juniper seedling was sprouting half a world away high in the craggy western mountains of North America . Bur unlike Antony and Cleopatra and their romance, that same juniper seedlinggrown into a tree standing eighty-seven feet tall and boasting a girth of forty-three feet-is still very much alive. The tree, the Bennett Juniper, is the centerpiece of a small natural area at 8,500 feet in California's Sierra Nevada. The preserve is owned by The Nature Conservancy (TNC), a privately supported nonprofit national conservation organ ization. In 1970 the property's owner gave the juniper and the land surrounding it to the conservancy. The Bennett Juniper is just one of a number of \"record trees\" owned by TNC. The largest sugar maple in the world stands on a conservancy-preserved area in Indiana. In Illinois, two national champions, a water locust and a green hawthorn, make their home on a conservancy area. In the western mountains of North Carolina, a conservancy property holds the largest eastern hemlock in the Smokies. Other conservancy sanctuaries from the Caribbean to the far north shelter ancient stands, rare individuals, and national and state champions. Bur preserving record trees, or even entire forests, is not the real mission of TNC. Nor is establishing natural-area sanctuaries an end in itself. Rather, it is a strategy to accomplish the conservancy's single objective: the preservation of biotic diversity.","PeriodicalId":246151,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forest History","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125833617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Evolution of the Great Lakes Logging Camp, 1830–1930 五大湖伐木营地的演变，1830-1930

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004756

Randall E. Rohe

{"title":"The Evolution of the Great Lakes Logging Camp, 1830–1930","authors":"Randall E. Rohe","doi":"10.2307/4004756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4004756","url":null,"abstract":"1. The popular image of the Great Lakes logging camp is derived in large part from nonscholarly studies, which commonly are based only on the recollections and reminiscences of loggers and often infer that a given type of logging camp was the only type used. Almost all of them refer to very limited places and times. As a result they do not present a completely accurate picture of the Great Lakes logging camp. For representative examples see: Robert W. Wells, \"Daylight in the Swamp!\" (New York: Doubleday & Co., 1978); Jack Rudolph, \"Empire of Pine;' Wisconsin Trails 16 (Winter 1975): 30-33; Eagle River Centennial 1857-1957 (Eagle River, Wisconsin: Vilas County News-Register, 1957); Irene Hargreaves, Harold M. Foehl, The Story of Logging the White Pine in the Saginaw Valley (Bay City, Michigan: Reg Keg Press, 1964); Rolland H. Maybee, \"Michigan's White Pine Era, 1840-1900,\" Michigan History 43 (December 1959): 385-432. 2. Evidence in any form on the early camps, circa 1840-65, is sparse, especially the written and photographic record. A complete archaeological excavation of a logging camp could fill in large gaps in our knowledge of these camps, but such a study remains to be done. For example, most logging histories describe \"standard\" or \"typical\" logging camps. These descriptions are usually brief and based on a limited variety of sources. Though some studies more or less infer an evolutionary sequence of development, none of them really analyzes this evolution in detail. Existing studies often fail to note that there were important differences among the camps constructed in different lumber regions and in different periods. Changes occurred in the locations, size, layout, architectural style, and interiors. Documenting and explaining these changes is complicated by the lack of remaining physical evidence. The camps were usually constructed for only a few years' use. As soon as the timber was cut, they were moved or abandoned. In most cases, they have completely disappeared from the landscape.4 Thus their history can be","PeriodicalId":246151,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forest History","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130603533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Ships to Nowhere: The Southern Yellow Pine Fleet of World War I 无处可去的船只:第一次世界大战的南方黄松舰队

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004755

T. D. Clark

引用次数: 0

Port-Orford-Cedar: A Forgotten Species 波特-奥福德雪松:一个被遗忘的物种

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004757

D. Zobel

{"title":"Port-Orford-Cedar: A Forgotten Species","authors":"D. Zobel","doi":"10.2307/4004757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4004757","url":null,"abstract":"P orr-Orford-cedar grows naturally only in scattered stands, or as scattered individuals, in a small area of Oregon and California. Yet there has been worldwide distribution of both the plant and nat ive-grown wood, developing, as it were, a commercial \"split personality\" for the tree. In the 130 years since its discovery, the cedar has time and again proven its versatility, in its form as an ornamental, in its growth requirements, and in its recovery from repeated losses of a market, often in the face of developing technology. It became a major horticultural product, and continues as such, in Europe and New Zealand. The wood, once considered a \"critical material\" for the United States' efforts in the two world wars, is today virtually unknown in its land of origin. Despite its diverse potential uses, the present value of native Port-Orfordcedar wood depends entirely on traditional aesthetic values of Japanese society, which have resulted in a steady demand for this beautiful wood . The commercial future of PortOrford-cedar timber production is threatened by an aggressive root disease that reached the commercial timber as a direct consequence of the species' ornamental use. Whether the cedar will survive as a commercial timber depends on decisions made by American foresters today. 1","PeriodicalId":246151,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forest History","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125150724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Impact of Historic Fuelwood Cutting on the Semidesert Woodlands of Southeastern Arizona 历史上薪柴砍伐对亚利桑那州东南部半沙漠林地的影响

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1985-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004712

C. Bahre, C. Hutchinson

引用次数: 21

Americans and Their Forests: Romanticism, Progress, and Science in the Late Nineteenth Century 美国人和他们的森林:19世纪晚期的浪漫主义、进步和科学

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1985-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004710

T. Cox

{"title":"Americans and Their Forests: Romanticism, Progress, and Science in the Late Nineteenth Century","authors":"T. Cox","doi":"10.2307/4004710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4004710","url":null,"abstract":"T he attitudes of Americans toward their country's natural resources were widely disparate as the second half of the nineteenth century began. They continued to be so in the years that followed. Until the midnineteenth century, two major aesthetic and social theories dominated Americans' approaches to their natural environment. Romantic artists and philosophers, and later wealthy tourists, sought sublimity and uplift in the contemplation of nature, linking nature and the divine. On the other hand, the yeoman ideal articulated by Thomas Jefferson emphasized the productive use of nature, specifically the clearing and cultivation of the wilderness, as the foundation of democracy and national prosperity. These viewpoints long molded American policies toward the forests, not according to an understanding of nature's capacities and limitations, but to meet social and political ideals. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, however, the scientific approach, championed by George Perkins Marsh and others, gradually gained acceptance. Realities came to replace egalitarian concepts as the primary factor shaping forest policy. After the turn of the century, contending interests, battling for implementation of mutually exclusive policies, found it increasingly necessary to cast their arguments in rational, scientific terms. Romantic literature and","PeriodicalId":246151,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forest History","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127437337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

German Forestry During the American Occupation: Dr. Schenck's Pivotal Role 美国占领期间的德国林业:申克博士的关键作用

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1985-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004711

E. Stuart

引用次数: 0

The Wood Dealer System in Mississippi: An Essay on Regional Economics and Culture 密西西比州的木商制度:区域经济与文化随笔

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004824

W. A. Flick

{"title":"The Wood Dealer System in Mississippi: An Essay on Regional Economics and Culture","authors":"W. A. Flick","doi":"10.2307/4004824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4004824","url":null,"abstract":"T he forest industries have a long and significant history in Mississippi. Although always changing, the industry has been an important part of Mississippi since the earliest frontier days, largely because of an enormous natural endowment of virgin pine forests.' That forest and the capacity to grow additional forests has nurtured what is now Mississippi's largest manufacturing industry. Forestry and associated industries are inextricably linked to many aspects of Mississippi life. One of the most important links, the wood supply system, connects Mississippi's thousands of timber owners and even more thousands of woods workers to the forest products industry. Historically, the wood supply system has two parts-that used by the lumber and wood products (including plywood) industry and that used by the paper and allied products industry. The system used by the paper and allied products industry is known as the dealer system because of the role of one of the prominent players, the wood dealer. Wood dealers are independent businessmen who contract to deliver wood to the South's large pulp and paper mills. Their storytheir origins, operations, and economic functionsis a fascinating example of how the potential for economic","PeriodicalId":246151,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forest History","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128406022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

The Mahogany Empire of Ichabod T. Williams & Sons, 1838–1973 伊卡博德·t·威廉姆斯父子的红木帝国，1838-1973

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004823

J. C. Callahan

引用次数: 1

The Conservation Congress of Anderson and Aspinall, 1963–64 安德森和阿斯皮诺尔保护大会，1963-64年

Journal of Forest History Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.2307/4004822

R. Baker

引用次数: 3