Dorah Kawira Muthee , Francis Birhanu Dejene , Lawrence Kioko Munguti
{"title":"Modification of TiO2 anatase-rutile mixed-phase properties using Sn4+ doping for photocatalytic brilliant green degradation","authors":"Dorah Kawira Muthee , Francis Birhanu Dejene , Lawrence Kioko Munguti","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared to single-phase, the anatase-rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> phase has piqued researchers' interest. Incorporating a dopant into the microstructures of TiO<sub>2</sub> improves its properties. In contrast to the annealing method, incorporating Sn<sup>4+</sup> into the lattice of TiO<sub>2</sub> allows the transformation from anatase to rutile at low temperature. The findings showed that ions containing the sulfate Sn<sup>4+</sup> substituted that of Ti<sup>4+</sup> in the TiO<sub>2</sub> lattice and dispersed in the matrix. The substitution caused the lattice structure to deform at low temperatures, causing the transformation of the phases. The increase in the mol% of Sn in TiO<sub>2</sub> lattice favored the rutile phase content. The narrowing of the bandgap caused by Sn doping significantly increases photocatalytic operation in the visible light. Consequently, near-contact phase junctions in between the anatase and rutile phase have been established, taking into consideration the charge separations. The sample at 5.5 mol% of Sn exhibited the highest photoactivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"695 ","pages":"Article 120166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Li , Xianlong Gao , Fangtao Huang , Lei Miao , Guoqing Zhao , Zhirong Zhu
{"title":"The alkylation of phenol with methanol: Conversion of anisole and two-step reaction process on X zeolites","authors":"Lei Li , Xianlong Gao , Fangtao Huang , Lei Miao , Guoqing Zhao , Zhirong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The alkylation of phenol with methanol reaction and anisole rearrangement were investigated on NaX zeolite and ion-exchange modified X zeolites with H<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Cs<sup>+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>. The product distribution of anisole rearrangement closely resembles that of the product distribution in the alkylation of phenol with methanol. This indicates that anisole is not only the primary product of the phenol alkylation reaction, but also serves as a key “intermediate” in the conversion of phenol to cresol. Based on the above results, a possible reaction pathway is proposed: the alkylation of phenol with methanol initially generates O-alkylation products, which then undergo rearrangement to form C-alkylation products. By employing a simple layered loading approach, the alkylation of phenol with methanol reaction was divided into two sequential steps. The results provided additional evidence for the feasibility of initially generating O-alkylation products in the alkylation of phenol with methanol and then converting them into C-alkylation products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"696 ","pages":"Article 120168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nabihan B. Abdul Rahman , Ismaeel Alalq , Matthew J. Wulfers , Dan K. Nielsen , Daniel E. Resasco , Steven P. Crossley
{"title":"Lanthanum incorporation in H-MOR zeolite to improve shape selectivity and stability against coke formation during the alkylation of toluene with isopropanol","authors":"Nabihan B. Abdul Rahman , Ismaeel Alalq , Matthew J. Wulfers , Dan K. Nielsen , Daniel E. Resasco , Steven P. Crossley","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In aromatic alkylation over acidic zeolites, an optimal catalyst must exhibit shape selectivity for desirable products and resistance to coke formation, both of which can be enhanced by additives like lanthanum (La). This study examines the incorporation of La into H-MOR and its effects on shape selectivity and catalyst stability during the alkylation of toluene with isopropanol. La modifies the zeolite’s pore size and Brønsted acidity, improving reaction selectivity and coke resistance. The results show that La enhances para-selectivity while suppressing ortho-selectivity by inhibiting the formation of bulkier products, either by altering transition states in isomer formation or restricting isomer diffusion within the zeolite channels. Additionally, La-MOR demonstrates greater coke resistance, as La promotes hydrogen transfer from coke precursors to surface carbenium ions and titrates Brønsted acid sites, reducing olefin oligomerization. These findings highlight La’s potential for tuning zeolite properties to enhance catalytic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"695 ","pages":"Article 120150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai-Qiang Jing , Wen Ma , Hong-Zi Tan , Jian-Feng Diao , Bin-Wen Liu , Zhong-Ning Xu , Guo-Cong Guo
{"title":"Improving the catalytic performance over ultrathin Pd/2D-CoAl-LDH nanosheet via modulating electronic metal-support interaction for CO esterification to dimethyl oxalate","authors":"Kai-Qiang Jing , Wen Ma , Hong-Zi Tan , Jian-Feng Diao , Bin-Wen Liu , Zhong-Ning Xu , Guo-Cong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO esterification to dimethyl oxalate (DMO) represents a vital step in coal to ethylene glycol (EG). Pd-based catalysts are being evidenced to fabricate DMO. However, the effect of support morphology on the interfacial electron transfer has not been revealed sufficiently. Herein, the CoAl-LDH supports with two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet and three-dimensional (3D) flower-like structures were employed as new supports materials for Pd catalysts. The Pd/2D-CoAl-LDH catalyst exhibited a significantly higher CO conversion rate (65.7 %) compared to Pd/3D-CoAl-LDH (48.6 %) in CO to DMO reaction. The XAFS, XPS and CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD characterizations indicated that the density of electron over Pd on 2D-CoAl-LDH was higher than that on 3D-CoAl-LDH. Additionally, <em>in situ</em> DR-FTIR analysis of CO revealed that the electron-rich Pd clusters boost electron donation from the Pd to the CO, thus enhancing catalytic performance. This study provides insights into how modulating support morphology can enhance interfacial electron transfer, and further promoting the thermocatalytic efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"694 ","pages":"Article 120167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingwei Ma , Xueling Wang , Yankun Gao , Chen Huang , Xin Wang , Jing Sun , Zhongmin Su
{"title":"A high-activity composite catalyst via sol-gel-assisted self-propagating high-temperature synthesis for catalytic transfer hydrogenation","authors":"Mingwei Ma , Xueling Wang , Yankun Gao , Chen Huang , Xin Wang , Jing Sun , Zhongmin Su","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing an efficient, energy-saving, and rapid synthesis method for composites is crucial for advancing functional catalytic materials, yet still challenging. Herein, we present a sol-gel-assisted self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) strategy that integrates sol-gel formation, self-combustion, and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis into a one pot process, enabling efficient and rapid synthesis of metal oxide-based composites. As a demonstration, we synthesized easily separable magnetic Fe₃O₄/C composites and conducted a catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) reaction of furfural (FAL), a representative biomass-derived carbonyls, achieving superior activity at mild conditions. The high specific surface area and abundant acid-base sites endow the substrate and catalyst with strong interactions and bonding, thereby promoting the hydrogen transfer process. The direct hydrogen transfer pathway of the CTH reaction was confirmed using isotope labeling, alongside the elucidation of the side reaction. These findings offer new insights for the synthesis of metal oxide-based composites and broaden the applicability of the sol-gel-assisted SHS strategy in material synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"694 ","pages":"Article 120164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felix Herold , Sahra L. Guldahl-Ibouder , Tamara Hein , Patrick Schühle , Magnus Rønning
{"title":"Composition effects of carbon surface oxide ensembles on activity and stability of carbon supported Co Fischer-Tropsch catalysts","authors":"Felix Herold , Sahra L. Guldahl-Ibouder , Tamara Hein , Patrick Schühle , Magnus Rønning","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon catalyst supports offer an attractive alternative to traditional oxidic supports for Co-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts, however, weak metal/carbon interactions facilitate catalyst deactivation by cobalt nanoparticle sintering. In this study we investigated the introduction of carbon surface oxides to mitigate cobalt sintering, combining carbon model supports featuring various surface oxide profiles with size-defined, colloidal Co nanoparticles. Carbon surface oxidation was found to effectively suppress cobalt nanoparticle sintering. Employing in situ XRD and XAS, we could show that Co supported on carbon featuring surface carbonyls/quinones displays low reducibility and forms disordered, polycrystalline Co0 nanoparticles, which are associated with poor FTS performance. In contrast, Co on supports occupied by carboxylic acids were easily reducible and formed monocrystalline nanoparticles enabling comparatively high FTS activities. However, despite effectively suppressing Co nanoparticle sintering, carbon surface oxidation was proven detrimental for FTS performance, as Co supported on non-functionalized carbon outperformed all catalysts on oxidized supports.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"694 ","pages":"Article 120165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving catalytic activity and stability of ZrO2 and CeO2 in the vapor-phase intramolecular aldol condensation of 2,5-hexanedione to 3-methyl-2-cyclopentenone","authors":"Takuto Adachi, Enggah Kurniawan, Takashi Kojima, Takayoshi Hara, Yasuhiro Yamada, Satoshi Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving catalytic stability by reducing the coke formation is still important in ensuring the longevity of the catalyst, especially in acid-base sites catalyzed reactions. In this work, we successfully improved the catalytic activity and stability of ZrO<sub>2</sub> and CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts in the aldol condensation of 2,5-hexanedione (HDO) to 3-methyl-2-cyclopentenone (MCP) by the Ag modification and operation in H<sub>2</sub> flow. ZrO<sub>2</sub> poorly catalyzed aldol condensation of HDO and was severely deactivated regardless of the reaction conditions. Similarly, the CeO<sub>2</sub> was also deactivated during aldol condensation of HDO even though it has a milder deactivation rate than ZrO<sub>2</sub> catalyst. The modification of ZrO<sub>2</sub> and CeO<sub>2</sub> with Ag and the operation in H<sub>2</sub> flow reduced the catalyst deactivation by reducing the coke accumulation on the catalyst, while still maintaining high selectivity to MCP. Consequently, the modified ZrO<sub>2</sub> and CeO<sub>2</sub> catalyst could maintain their high activity under prolonged time on stream.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"694 ","pages":"Article 120163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saleem Munir, Daniel Montané, Magdalena Constantí, Francesc Medina
{"title":"Reusability of Mg/Al catalysts for the aldol condensation of furfural and acetone in a continuous flow reactor","authors":"Saleem Munir, Daniel Montané, Magdalena Constantí, Francesc Medina","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2025.120151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrotalcite catalysts with a Mg: Al ratio of 3:1 were assessed for the aldol condensation of furfural with acetone on a continuous packed bed reactor. The as-prepared (FHT), calcined (CHT), and rehydrated (RHT) hydrotalcites were characterized and their activity was tested at 100 °C and 12 bar(a) with an acetone:furfural ratio of 10:1 at a furfural WHSV of 5.77 h<sup>−1</sup>. FHT showed low conversion and deactivated fast. CHT and RHT exhibited complete conversion during 2 and 4 h, respectively, and deactivated to a 20 % conversion after 8–11 h. The main products were (<em>E</em>)-4-(furan-2-yl)but-3-en-2-on (C8) and (1<em>E</em>,4<em>E</em>)-1,5-di(furan-2-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (C13). Small amounts of higher molar mass products formed by ketonization were observed, and they were linked to the deposition of insoluble oligomers. Reuse of the spent catalysts by recalcination to remove the organic deposits was evaluated for a total of four reaction tests. A gradual loss of performance was seen after each reactivation treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"694 ","pages":"Article 120151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Yu. Sidorenko , Tatiana V. Khalimonyuk , Yulia M. Kurban , Irina V. Ilyina , Nikolai S. Li-Zhulanov , Oksana S. Patrusheva , Atte Aho , Ivo Heinmaa , Konstantin P. Volcho , Nariman F. Salakhutdinov , Dmitry Yu. Murzin , Vladimir E. Agabekov
{"title":"Catalytic synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with a cineole moiety based on α-pinene","authors":"Alexander Yu. Sidorenko , Tatiana V. Khalimonyuk , Yulia M. Kurban , Irina V. Ilyina , Nikolai S. Li-Zhulanov , Oksana S. Patrusheva , Atte Aho , Ivo Heinmaa , Konstantin P. Volcho , Nariman F. Salakhutdinov , Dmitry Yu. Murzin , Vladimir E. Agabekov","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2024.120070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2024.120070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cineole is a natural compound that is used in traditional medicine and pharmaceuticals. This work describes for the first time the selective catalytic synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with a cineole fragment by condensation of 8-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyllimonene (α-pinene based platform molecules) with thiophene-2-carbaldehyde. Acid-modified halloysite nanotubes and commercial montmorillonites K-10 and K-30 were used as heterogeneous catalysts and compared with the traditional ones. The materials were characterized by SEM, EDX, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption, MAS NMR, and FTIR with pyridine methods. Selectivity to the product with the 1,8-cineole moiety increased slightly with increasing solids acidity, reaching 77 % on K-10, which was the same as in the presence of BF<sub>3</sub>·Et<sub>2</sub>O. Over strong Brønsted acid (Amberlyst-15), mainly intramolecular cyclization of the diol occurred. Formation of the product with the 1,4-cineole fragment was more pronounced at high initial reagents concentrations, or when water was added, since it is formed through another intermediate containing two hydroxy groups. The reaction mechanism and pathways are discussed using both experimental data and DFT calculations. The use of a catalytic system based on resistant to leaching montmorillonite K-10 in methylene chloride allowed generation of the products with a 1,8-cineole moiety with selectivity up to 96 % depending on the aldehyde.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"691 ","pages":"Article 120070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metal-free decarboxylative oxygenation of α-amino acids to amide compounds via photoredox catalysis","authors":"Rui Zhu , Yaxin Wang , Minshu Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.apcata.2024.120084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcata.2024.120084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A strategy for the photocatalytic conversion of α-amino acids into corresponding amides was developed. A series of carbon nitride samples were prepared as the catalyst. Various characterizations of the catalyst indicated that effective photocatalytic activity and low recombination efficiency of photo-generated carriers were significant for the high activity of the catalyst. Reaction conditions for the photocatalytic decarboxylation of α-amino acids were optimized, alongside an investigation into the potential mechanism through controlled experiments and DFT computations. Mechanism studies unveiled that photo-generated electrons activated O<sub>2</sub> to reactive oxygen species, while photo-generated holes induced the decarboxylation reactions by activating the carboxylic acid groups, generating carbon radicals that ultimately lead to the formation of corresponding amides under the influence of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, the photocatalytic decarboxylation of different alpha amino acids was also discussed, providing new strategies for the formation of amides and lactams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":243,"journal":{"name":"Applied Catalysis A: General","volume":"691 ","pages":"Article 120084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}