In Commons最新文献

{"title":"Wilderness Urbanisms as a Collaborative Design Pedagogy","authors":"David Turturo","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.42","url":null,"abstract":"Wilderness Urbanisms is a comprehensive design studio that collaborates to combine rich urban sites with the pursuit of architectural aura. This paper explores the theoretical foundations that inform the Wild-Urbs curriculum: sources from urban, environmental, and literary studies. Concise histories of wilderness and urban subjectivity contextualize the use of mixed-media collage as a primary medium for exploration. Specific techniques are described to motivate working across architectural scales and to encourage colleagues to become agents of the city as a social contract.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"89 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123173812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slowly but Surely: Chronicle of Springfield’s First Community Fridge","authors":"Sara Khorshidifard","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.55","url":null,"abstract":"Not all tools or normative practices at the hands of architects and designers may align with the call for architectural commoning. Yet, design thinking and skill contributions to building more sustainable, resilient, and equitable communities are conceivable on all levels and scales. One such approach aligns with what is theoretically known as the “mutual aid.” Activist and law professor Dean Spade in his 2022 book Mutual Aid: Building Solidarity During This Crisis (and the Next) defines the concept as the survival work done in conjunction with social movements. Mutual aid is a framework for demanding transformative change, for radically redistributing care and wellbeing, and to ultimately “heal ourselves and the world.”1 Through a mutual aid outlook, even though with small design acts, architectural contributions to regenerative and redistributive commons- based economies are foreseeable, by putting design to work and the heart where the needs are. Mutual aid in action is the story behind the journey of Springfield’s first Community Fridge. It all began with an electronic message circulated during a peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021, sharing voices of two city residents who had raised the need for neighborhood fridges due to rising food costs and local food insecurities. The Community Fridge movement has started globally as a grassroots effort to combat food insecurity and food waste. When installed in accessible locations, they are proven to act as vital and identifiable resources for community members to pick up free fresh food and for patrons to donate excess food. Springfield’s Community Fridge project born with the spark from residents Chelsy Cole and Mal Bailey grew in partnership with local Citizen Architect Kate Stockton and myself. The initiative has since gained momentum in the months and year following, and attained resourceful new partnerships such as Drury AIAS Freedom by Design, the West Central Neighborhood Alliance and Urban Roots Farm business as hosts, Better Block SGF through its WeCreate 2022 design competition focus, and the Discovery Center of Springfield to be offering fresh produce donations from its aeroponics vertical gardens. The first neighborhood hosting the first fridge today has high need for food resources where neighbors will definitely benefit from the project. According to City data, 16.9% of county households are food insecure, an issue highly prevalent in West Central that is amongst poorest neighborhoods. Most recent data indicated 80% of residents as renters, 41.8% individuals and 30.8% families below poverty rates, with 14% unemployment rates and a median income as low as $19,731. Thanks to the collective efforts, unscripted impetus of the mutual aid groups and individuals involved, and funding through donations and grants, the fridge will be on its way in the built stage set for competition by the end of 2022.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121478047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiencing the Vortex: An Immersive Exploration of a Natural Phenomenon","authors":"Adrian G Carleton, Erica DeWitt, Fey Thurber, Kamil Quinteors, P. Riahi, Pieter R. Boersma, Y. Modarres-Sadeghi","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.11","url":null,"abstract":"This interdisciplinary design and research project, resulting from a two-year collaboration between a group led by an architect and an engineer/physicist, two PhD students, two Masters’ students, and one undergraduate student, presents a break away from designated disciplinary roles and embraces the premise of working on a truly inter and cross-disciplinary setting. In doing so, its primary motivation is to question theassigned roles one may take in a project, and work in common and through a lateral structure. Invested in making architecture an equal counterpart to science, our team worked with a research group focusing on Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI). While FSI problems have applications in many scales of daily life, from brain aneurysms to wind turbines, and the original motivation for the architecture team has been to work hand in hand with the scientists on issues of energy harvesting and climate justice, it became apparent that meaningful long-term collaboration needed to start at a foundational level. In other words, the necessity of building a common language, creating common goals, and developing common methods of work became the foundational blocks for this work, which has so far only developed work that is focusing on the fundamental science problem and understanding what architecture, as a discipline with highly specialized methods of representation and thinking can offer to enrich it.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121540064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ordinary within the Extraordinary: The Ideology and Architectural Form of Boley, an “All-Black Town” in the Prairie","authors":"Jared Macken","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.63","url":null,"abstract":"In 1908, Booker T. Washington stepped off the Fort Smith and Western Railway train into the town of Boley, Oklahoma. Washington found a bustling main street home to over 2,500 African American citizens. He described this collective of individuals as unified around a common goal, “with the definite intention of getting a home and building up a community where they can, as they say, be ‘free.’” The main street was the physical manifestation of this idea, the center of the community. It was comprised of ordinary banks, store front shops, theaters, and social clubs, all of which connected to form a dynamic cosmopolitan street— an architectural collective form. Each building aligned with its neighbor creating a single linear street, a space where the culture of the town thrived. This public space became a symbol of the extraordinary lives and ideology of its citizens, who produced an intentional utopia in the middle of the prairie. Boley is one of more than fifty “All-Black Towns” that developed in “Indian Territory” before Oklahoma became a state. Despite their prominence, these towns’ potential and influence was suppressed when the territory became a state in 1907. State development was driven by lawmaker’s ambition to control the sovereign land of Native Americans and impose control over towns like Boley by enacting Jim Crow Laws legalizing segregation. This agenda manifests itself in the form and ideology of the state’s colonial towns. However, the story of the state’s history does not reflect the narrative of colonization. Instead, it is dominated by tales of sturdy “pioneers” realizing their role within the myth of manifest destiny. In contrast, Boley’s history is an alternative to this myth, a symbol of a radical ideology of freedom, and a form that reinforces this idea. Boley’s narrative begins to debunk the myth of manifest destiny and contrast with other colonial town forms. This paper explores the relationship between the architectural form of Boley’s main street and the town’s cultural significance, linking the founding community’s ideology to architectural spaces that transformed the ordinary street into a dynamic social space. The paper compares Boley’s unified linear main street, which emphasized its citizens and their freedom, with another town typology built around the same time: Perry’s centralized courthouse square that emphasized the seat of power that was colonizing Cherokee Nation land. Analysis of these slightly varied architectural forms and ideologies reorients the historical narrative of the state. As a result, these suppressed urban stories, in particular that of Boley’s, are able to make new contributions to architectural discourse on the city and also change the dominant narratives of American Expansion.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114230932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boxed-In: Comparative Analysis of the Environmental Performance of Recycled Shipping Container Dwellings.","authors":"Robert L. Williams","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.5","url":null,"abstract":"In popular media, recycled shipping containers are perennially touted as low-cost solutions for providing sustainable, high-performance homes1-4. However, there is limited analysis of the actual performance of shipping container buildings with respect to energy efficiency and overall carbon impact5. This project aims to fill that gap through a comparative analysis between a small shipping container home and a similarly sized home built with conventional high-performance assemblies.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122527014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Assemblies","authors":"Nate Imai, M. Conway","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.22","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how the intersection of real-time data and material assemblies provides novel opportunities to understand our built environment as a socially and ecologically constructed milieu. By integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) with brick-and-mortar buildings, we can create dynamic interfaces that leverage our material surroundings to contextualize a range of unseen information, such as where scholarship is being conducted, from which direction the wind blows, and what community members are posting. In framing buildings as not separate entities from growing online networks but inextricably connected to them, this investigation proposes a design methodology that blends computational design with construction methods to create interfaces that recursively integrate real-time information with the built environment, adding digital information as another material alongside concrete and wood in an expanding architectural palette. By analyzing three design projects, this paper documents design methods that synthesize real-time data with material assemblies to provide an expanded reading of our built environment. The first is a gallery installation that locates live Wikipedia updates through an arrangement of fabric, light, and sound. The second is a digitally fabricated tea house that integrates temperature, humidity, and airflow data in the design of an interactive facade. The third is a public art project that connects one local ethnic enclave with others across the globe through the display of social media imagery in real-time. Through their interactivity and materiality, these projects seek to connect users more deeply with their surroundings, and in doing so, encourage an attitude of action, engagement, and empathy within our built environment.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131539275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing othering in architecture education: Learning ethics and empathy","authors":"Alexis Gregory","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.38","url":null,"abstract":"“The talent of imagining human situations is more important for an architect than the gift of fantasizing spaces.” Aulis Blomstedt quoted by Juhani Pallasmaa 1 This paper posits that ethics and empathy are needed in architecture education, not only in professional practice courses, but throughout the entire curriculum. Research shows that students are more successful and engaged when ethics, empathy, and even agency are included in architecture education. Issues like lack of empathy from faculty-to-student, student-to-student, and student-to- client/community partner will be discussed. Case studies will be presented that show ideas that were explored in undergraduate design studios to impart empathy and ethics using agency to better prepare students. The methodology used in these design studios will also be presented and the results of the explorations will be shared. These methods include discussions about inherent bias, exercises in role- playing, reflections, and pre- and post-surveys to gauge student perceptions and what is learned through these studio experiences.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134483099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Problematic Construct: ‘Islamic Architecture’","authors":"Gulen Cevik","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.27","url":null,"abstract":"This paper interrogates the origins and provenance of the term ‘Islamic Architecture,’ making the argument that it is misleading. The term reflects nineteenth- century Orientalist discourse and diminishes the remarkable diversity of architectural traditions found in the predominantly Muslim countries of Asia and North Africa. The paper will survey the early terminology used to discuss the architecture of European colonies in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and then discuss the reasons for rejecting the term ‘Islamic architecture.’ A major point will be to note how local traditions of architecture tend to trump the importance of religious function, so that the continuities between the architecture before and after the introduction of Islam are stronger than the similarities that emerged subsequent to conversion to Islam.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"474 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116795323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drawing with Spheres in Two-Dimensions","authors":"M. Erickson","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.12","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary digital practice allows for an incredible facility in the both the generation and fabrication of objects. However, despite high degrees of numerical precision, geometric information is lost as is moves from the abstract (non-visual) world of geometry to the screen, paper or some other material form. The job of the architect, as described from Alberti onward, is to define the building through drawing so that it can be precisely constructed on site.2 A process of approximation and loss along the way is less than ideal, but it is a central part of the digital culture of which architecture is a part.3 It is also an intrinsic, but often times unmentioned, aspect of architectural method. 4 Even Henri Poincaré’s ideal circle is manifested as only a “round thing” once it translated into physical space—leaving the designer’s intent and the form of the object muddled with technologies of fabrication. This project questions ideas precision in architectural drawing through the study of approximation and loss as generative drawing strategies. The project is composed of a series of animations that and still images produced through the continuous approximation of both a simple and iconic geometry—the sphere.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121489624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover the Grid","authors":"Ashley Bigham, E. Herrmann","doi":"10.35483/acsa.am.111.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.19","url":null,"abstract":"Cover the Grid is an installation employing temporary marking paint on a timeworn but treasured community lot in North Lawndale, a neighborhood on Chicago’s West Side. Fabricated as part of the 2021 Chicago Architecture Biennial the ephemeral landscape mural leverages cutting-edge tools, low-impact methods, and community engagement to reorganize and enhance a public space with modest resources and a low ecological footprint.","PeriodicalId":243862,"journal":{"name":"In Commons","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123808553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}