{"title":"Approximation Logic for Multiplication Through Partial Product Perforation","authors":"V. B. Cousik, N. S. Murty","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981043","url":null,"abstract":"The partial product perforation or truncation methods for approximate multiplication, though have well defined error boundaries are not independent of the number of bits in the number being perforated. In this paper the partial product perforation from Most Significant Bit (MSB) technique is proposed. In this method the error boundaries are well defined and are independent of the number of bits in the number which is being perforated. As the error boundaries are well defined, this technique can be put to practical use in the applications which are error tolerant. This technique optimizes the generation of partial products as per the error tolerance of the application. As the partial product generation is optimized, the number of full adders being used is also optimized and hence the power consumption and delay are also optimized. A 32 bit multiplier for 1% error tolerance, the proposed method gives 75% and 35% reduction in power and delay respectively as compared to the accurate multiplier.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127371367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low Cost Arm and Gripper for Medical Applications","authors":"R. Basu","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981271","url":null,"abstract":"A low-cost Puma arm with wrist rotation and gripper is described. The Advent of IoT and 5g makes it feasible for remote medical applications. Surgical robots have inherent limitations due to tolerance and feedback errors. Procedures in ophthalmology, cardiology, neurology, and canulisation use robotics. Possibilities now exist to link up with a IoT network. Further enhancements are possible when AI is built into the controls, giving scope for a higher degree of autonomy. This topic remains a challenge given the exorbitant prices of equipment which are passed onto the patients. Developing countries require coordination between several disciplines to enhance the knowledge and support base.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133851005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High Speed Low Power Radix 4 Approximate Booth Multiplier","authors":"N. Varghese, Swaminadhan Rajula","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981022","url":null,"abstract":"Many applications such as image processing and multipliers are resilient to inexactness or approximations in their underlying computations. This is the basic concept of approximate computation. The resulting degradation in output quality can be traded off to develop more energy efficient and high performance hardware systems. In this context, approximate circuit design is an emerging paradigm that has recently received considerable research attention. Many applications such as signal processing and image processing requires the use of multipliers in its core operating system. The fundamental objective of a multiplier is that it must be efficient in power and operate at high speed. The aim is to design the best possible radix 4 booth multiplier using approximate computing. The work proposed in this paper is an extended application to an existing and recent work in approximate adder design SARA which is an Accuracy Configurable Adder (ACA). A radix 4 approximate booth multiplier application is proposed in this paper which has significant improvement in power, speed and accuracy compared to the earlier approaches in approximate booth multipliers. The comparison is performed with the conventional radix 4 booth multiplier and there is a 72% and 17% reduction in power and delay respectively.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132693572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finding Optimum Switching Angles Using Genetic Algorithm for SHE-PWM Two-Level Inverter","authors":"Gautam Ghosh, A. Basu, Sujoy Seal","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981147","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional two-level single-phase half-bridge/full-bridge inverter produces square wave output and as such when this non-sinusoidal inverter output voltage is connected to any electrical appliances/equipments, not only damage the electrical equipment but also reduce its life and efficiency due to presence of different harmonic voltages in addition to fundamental. This paper presents a single-phase full bridge inverter using MOSFETs which eliminates selected lower order harmonics from the output voltage waveform using PWM technique. The optimum value of switching angles for the gating pulses are obtained by solving the transcendental equations using Genetic Algorithm. As the harmonics are shifted to the higher order side, the dominating harmonics can be removed by using reduced size filter and thus greatly improving the quality of the output voltage waveform with less filter equipment cost as well as increasing the life and efficiency of the electrical appliance.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133834514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Sen, Mukesh Kumar, S. Islam, Tannistha Mitra Das, Santanu Das
{"title":"An Ultra-Thin Polarization Insensitive Microwave Absorber with a Transmission Window","authors":"G. Sen, Mukesh Kumar, S. Islam, Tannistha Mitra Das, Santanu Das","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981076","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an ultra-thin microwave absorber with a transmission window on a low-cost substrate material. The unit cell of the proposed absorber consists of metallic cross dipole patch on top plane and a ring slot at the conductive bottom plane. The substrate height is 0.8 mm, which is ultrathin. The low profile ultra-thin planar structure makes it valuable for electromagnetic interference (EMI) reduction at 5.9 GHz which is industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) frequency band and a transparent window at 4 GHz (C-band). The surface current distributions on the top and bottom planes are studied to elaborate the absorption and transmission mechanism of the structure. The orthogonal symmetry of the structure makes it polarization insensitive and hence suitable for realization in real time environment. The measured results are verified with the simulated ones to test its performance and found to be similar.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124057533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Chakrabarty, Sayanti Jana, Shuvadip Sutradhar, Argho Dutta, N. Mandal
{"title":"Design and implementation of Operational Amplifier using Quantum Dot Cellular Automata","authors":"R. Chakrabarty, Sayanti Jana, Shuvadip Sutradhar, Argho Dutta, N. Mandal","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981117","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QDCA) is one of the latest enticing and rising technology applicable for the evolution of ultra-low power and highly efficient digital systems. This paper proposes a novel approach of designing a system which would function like a dummy operational amplifier (op- amp). Although op-amp is an analog circuit and direct the functioning of an analog device cannot be replicated using QCA, hence the proposed system only conducts the operation of an op-amp using certain digital circuits. This new approach makes use of binary magnitude comparator, binary multiplier and multiplexers which can take input of any word length depending upon the specifications of the system and produce the desired output. The system is completely designed using majority gates and layering approach. Circuit is designed and simulated using QCAdesigner tool.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127657090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantification of tool wear in micro-milling using Fast Fourier transform of accelerometer data","authors":"Souvik Paul, S. Mukhopadhyay, S. Mandal","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981301","url":null,"abstract":"Tool wear in micromachining adversely affects the surface integrity and machining quality of the job in addition to sudden machine breakdowns. In this work, a simple, affordable real-time feedback system is generated which is capable to assess the tool wear in micro milling based on the spindle acceleration employing a motion processing unit. An in-house developed and commercialized machine of CSIR-CMERI named “Multi-Fab” has been used as a test setup on which a motion processing unit was mounted on the spindle. The acceleration data obtained during the micro-milling experiments were collected for three different tools with different pre-existing wear. The acceleration data was further processed using a fast fourier transform. The harmonics obtained from the FFT data clearly reveals distinguishing features to quantify the wear on the tool. The assessed tool wear could be displayed on the machine graphical user interface. The demonstrated method has potential in micromachining centers and shop floor as the feedback system is capable to provide tool condition to the machine operator.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132586219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Moitra, K. Hajra, V. Singh, U. Mukherjee, S. Banerjee, S. Maji
{"title":"Effect of I Shaped Periodic Structures over Collinear Arms of 150 Degree Bend Substrate Integrated Waveguide","authors":"S. Moitra, K. Hajra, V. Singh, U. Mukherjee, S. Banerjee, S. Maji","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981098","url":null,"abstract":"A Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) wideband band pass filter with 150 degree bend is presented in this paper. Attenuation of higher transmission frequencies are achieved by using array of I-shaped periodic band gap structures at the collinear arms. Six I-shaped slots (three in each arm) are etched over the top conducting layer to achieve the purpose. Several major parameters of these I-shaped structures are studied and presented with detailed outcome. Insertion loss < 0.9dB over the entire pass band has been achieved by this technique. Moreover significant attenuation at the stop band frequencies (> 4GHz) is observed. The filter finds application in microwave X-band and Ku-band radar and satellite systems.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128625218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Realization of an Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm for Brain Stroke Detection Using Microwave Tomography Technique","authors":"N. R. Das, Deborsi Basu, K. Purkait","doi":"10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMENTech48150.2019.8981402","url":null,"abstract":"The work aims to evaluate the performance of microwave scanning to identify and detect the stroke affected brain cells. The researches on this subject are motivated by the need to make continuous control of the brain stroke affected patient. In this paper, a system has been proposed to accurately detect the complex dielectric perturbations of the water content of the stroke affected brain model and predict the exact location of the affected region inside the head model. With the help of proper field pattern analysis and an iterative Exact reconstruction algorithm, the model has been reconstructed with better accuracy, both for normal and diseased cases. The reconstruction is made based on the complex dielectric values of the affected cells. A comparative study has been performed on different sizes of stroke affected brain regions. It has been shown that, the algorithm is efficient enough to detect the presence of the stroke affected cells in a small region (1% of total head model) with considerable error margins. The required 2D-cross sectional images are shown for proper visualization of the model along with the positioning of the stroke affected region. The changing dielectric properties of brain tissues in diseased condition can be measured using Microwave Tomography Technique (MTT). With this kind of experimental implementation, the concept of MTT has been utilized with proper algorithmic and mathematical modelling to iustify the effectiveness of our algorithm.","PeriodicalId":243805,"journal":{"name":"2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125348599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}