{"title":"The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in preventive medicine. Is screening mammography effective? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127918087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying Children with Low-Risk Head Injuries Who Do Not Require Computed Tomography","authors":"M. Hochman, Ashaunta T Anderson","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190204037.003.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190204037.003.0042","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in radiology. Is it possible to develop clinical prediction rules for identifying children at very low risk for clinically important traumatic brain injuries who do not require computed tomography (CT) scans for evaluation? Starting with this question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123605696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mastectomy versus Lumpectomy for Invasive Breast Cancer","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0030","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in surgery. Do all women with invasive breast cancer require a total mastectomy, or is breast conserving therapy (i.e., lumpectomy) appropriate in some women? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123833689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early versus Late Initiation of Dialysis","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0019","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in internal medicine. Can the initiation of dialysis safely be delayed in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≤14.0 mL per minute who do not demonstrate traditional signs or symptoms indicating the need for dialysis? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114459061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arrhythmia Suppression Following Myocardial Infarction","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in internal medicine. Do antiarrhythmic medications—which were widely used to suppress ventricular arrhythmias prior to the publication of CAST—improve survival in patients with recent myocardial infarctions? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115050798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antepartum Glucocorticoids in Premature Labor","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0033","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in obstetrics. Can respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) be prevented in neonates by administering glucocorticoids to women at risk for premature labor? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116076625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Treating Elevated Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in internal medicine. Does treating type 2 diabetes with medications to lower the blood sugar reduce diabetes-related complications more than dietary therapy alone? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130357319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perioperative Beta Blockers in Noncardiac Surgery","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0025","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in surgery. Should patients undergoing noncardiac surgery receive a perioperative beta blocker to prevent cardiovascular complications? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122470272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cardiac Stents versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Severe Coronary Artery Disease","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780199343560.003.0026","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in surgery. Should patients with severe coronary artery disease (three-vessel and/or left main disease) be treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128802732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Choosing First-Line Therapy for Hypertension","authors":"M. Hochman","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199343560.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in internal medicine. What is the preferred first-line medication for the treatment of hypertension: thiazide diuretics or any of the more recently developed blood pressure medications? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study overview, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.","PeriodicalId":243490,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131890983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}