{"title":"effectiveness of car scrapping schemes in the Italian market","authors":"A. Romano, G. Scandurra","doi":"10.51936/fskw7234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/fskw7234","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to examine the effectiveness of policies in support of the automotive industry that have taken place over the years and the link between car registration and consumer confidence. Firstly, through an intervention analysis, the series of total car registrations in Italy has been corrected for the effect of seasonality and incentives. Secondly, a Structural Vector Auto Regression model has been estimated in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the relationship between car registrations and consumers' confidence. The results show that policies in support of the automotive industry are useful if granted during an increasing economic trend. Otherwise they have no effect on sales of new vehicles.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116273324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mallows' L2 distance in some multivariate methods and its application to histogram-type data","authors":"Katarina Ko, L. Billard","doi":"10.51936/polr7329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/polr7329","url":null,"abstract":"Mallows' L2 distance allows for decomposition of total inertia into within and between inertia according to Huygens theorem. It can be decomposed into three terms: the location term, the spread term and the shape term; a simple and straightforward proof of this theorem is presented. These characteristics are very helpful in the interpretation of the results for some distance-based methods, such as clustering by k-means and classical multidimensional scaling. For histogram-type data, Mallows' L2 distance is preferable because its calculation is simple, even when the number and length of the histograms' subintervals differ. An illustration of its use on population pyramids for 14 East European countries in the period 1995–2015 is presented. The results provide an insight into the information that this distance can extract from a complex dataset.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"405 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121851144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conducting consistent laddering interviews using CLAD","authors":"Bojan Korenini","doi":"10.51936/hvoy5539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/hvoy5539","url":null,"abstract":"Consistent Laddering is an interviewing technique that is build on top of Laddering technique, which has been used most often in psychotherapy, consumer research, and knowledge acquisition. This paper points out distinctions and advantages of Consistent Laddering over the original technique, as well as some difficulties that concern both techniques. The main purpose of this article is to show how Consistent Laddering interviews are conducted, and how measures employed in this technique are used to detect difficulties that can occur in an interview. Because it is not possible to conduct Consistent Laddering interviews without a computer program, corresponding software, named CLAD, has been developed.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124426363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Control charts for skewed distributions","authors":"D. Karagöz, C. Hamurkaroğlu","doi":"10.51936/ghaa8860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/ghaa8860","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the control limits of (bar{X}) and (R) control charts for skewed distributions are obtained by considering the classic, the weighted variance ((mathit{WV})), the weighted standard deviations ((mathit{WSD})) and the skewness correction ((mathit{SC})) methods. These methods are compared by using Monte Carlo simulation. Type I risk probabilities of these control charts are compared with respect to different subgroup sizes for skewed distributions which are Weibull, gamma and lognormal. Simulation results show that Type I risk of (mathit{SC}) method is less than that of other methods. When the distribution is approximately symmetric, then the Type I risks of Shewhart, (mathit{WV}) , (mathit{WSD}), and (mathit{SC}) (bar{X}) charts are comparable, while the (mathit{SC}) (R) chart has a noticeable smaller Type I risk.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123256769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of fixed choice design on blockmodeling outcomes","authors":"Anja Žnidaršič","doi":"10.51936/lelf7354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/lelf7354","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of blockmodeling is to reveal the essential structure of the network based on patterns of relationships. Social network data usually contain different types of errors and one of them is caused by some limitation of number of selected actors in the research design. The impact of fixed choice design compared to free choice design on the results of blockmodeling are studied through simulations. The resulting blockmodels are compared with two indices where position membership of actors and the structure of the blockmodels are examined. Limiting the number of actors that can be selected has an impact on delineated blockmodel structure where the deletion of ties has higher effect than addition of them.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130403769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement quality of social support survey measurement instruments","authors":"V. Hlebec, G. Coenders","doi":"10.51936/edsd6184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/edsd6184","url":null,"abstract":"Social network items have been included in several cross-national surveys (e.g., Generations and Gender Programme, European Quality of Life Survey, International Social Survey Programme). In these surveys, several different methods and questionnaire items are applied to measure similar or identical constructs. These methods are the name generator method and the simplified role relation method. These methods differ significantly in terms of complexity, cost and respondent (and interviewer) burden. In this paper, we would like to establish whether an estimation of network composition, assessed in percentages of family members, partner, friends etc. can be obtained by a simpler method than the name generator method without reducing the measurement quality of network composition indices. The study uses data from two experiments conducted in 2006 and 2008 on convenience quota samples. The correlated uniqueness model for multitrait-multimethod designs adapted to compositional data is used for estimating data quality indices. Besides the name generator and simplified role relation methods, we also compare the event-related method. The main findings are that the name generator method offers the highest measurement quality followed by the simplified role relation methods with two provider choices and the simplified role relation method with one provider choice. The event-related method has the lowest measurement quality. The partner over the family ratio was measured with the highest quality amongst all methods while the non-family over family ratio had the lowest. The strength of a tie is an important factor when it comes to measurement quality.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122472023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statistical forecasting of high-way traffic jam at a bottleneck","authors":"I. Grabec","doi":"10.51936/osbv5318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/osbv5318","url":null,"abstract":"Maintenance works on high-ways usually require installation of bottlenecks that disturb traffic. The article presents a new mathematical model for analysis and forecasting of traffic jam evolution in front of a bottleneck. The model is comprised of two partial differential equations for the mean velocity and density of cars. The first equation describes relaxation of velocity to its equilibrium value determined by a new fundamental diagram. The second is the continuity equation and describes adaptation of the density to the input traffic flow that is forecast statistically. Numerical treatment of the model yields distributions of traffic variables that exhibit characteristic properties of jam evolution. The performance of the method is demonstrated by forecasting the jam that would develop during rush-hour if a bottleneck were installed on a high-way close to Ljubljana. Beside the model a new method is presented for approximate prediction of jam length based upon input flow and bottleneck capacity that is specified by the fundamental diagram. The corresponding computer programs represent a new tool by which experts can analyze properties of bottlenecks in order to optimize them.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131462848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling of patterns and estimation of characteristic parameters","authors":"I. Grabec, E. Govekar","doi":"10.51936/qlsq2302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/qlsq2302","url":null,"abstract":"A two-dimensional pattern represents a fingerprint of the process that generated it. It is therefore expected that the information about the production process can be extracted from the pattern. In this paper, a non-parametric statistical method for modelling chaotic two-dimensional patterns and the estimation of the characteristic parameters is proposed. It is based on the joint probability density function of samples taken from known two-dimensional patterns representing a database. A new pattern with an unknown production process is reproduced by comparing parts of the new pattern with samples taken from the database. Because the samples in the database also include information about the production process, relevant parameters and the type of production process can be estimated simultaneously with the reproduction of patterns.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126702955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statistical disclosure control using random rounding and quadratic programming","authors":"Neeraj Tiwari","doi":"10.51936/yydl1831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/yydl1831","url":null,"abstract":"The most common method of providing data to the public is through statistical tables. The problem of protecting confidentiality in statistical tables containing sensitive information has been of great concern during the recent years. Rounding methods are perturbation techniques widely used by statistical agencies for protecting the confidential data. Random rounding is one of these methods. In this paper, using the technique of random rounding and quadratic programming, we introduce a new methodology for protecting the confidential information of tabular data with minimum loss of information. The tables obtained through the proposed method consist of unbiasedly rounded values, are additive and have specified level of confidentiality protection. Some numerical examples are also discussed to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed procedure over the existing procedures.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125654712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of class-imbalance on multi-class high-dimensional class prediction","authors":"R. Blagus, L. Lusa","doi":"10.51936/grxm1445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51936/grxm1445","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of multi-class supervised classification is to develop a rule that accurately predicts the class membership of new samples when the number of classes is larger than two. In this paper we consider high-dimensional class-imbalanced data: the number of variables greatly exceeds the number of samples and the number of samples in each class is not equal. We focus on Friedman's one-versus-one approach for three-class problems and show how its class probabilities depend on the class probabilities from the binary classification sub-problems. We further explore its performance using diagonal linear discriminant analysis (DLDA) as a base classifier and compare its performance with multi-class DLDA, using simulated and real data. Our results show that the class-imbalance has a significant effect on the classification results: the classification is biased towards the majority class as in the two-class problems and the problem is magnified when the number of variables is large. The amount of the bias depends also, jointly, on the magnitude of the differences between the classes and on the sample size: the bias diminishes when the difference between the classes is larger or the sample size is increased. Also variable selection plays an important role in the class-imbalance problem and the most effective strategy depends on the type of differences that exist between classes. DLDA seems to be among the least sensible classifiers to class-imbalance and its use is recommended also for multi-class problems. Whenever possible the experiments should be planned using balanced data in order to avoid the class-imbalance problem.","PeriodicalId":242585,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Methodology and Statistics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123926013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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