中华预防医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Current status, challenges and prospects of hierarchical management of vaccination units].","authors":"X Y Wang, Y H Jin, D Hu, X C Wu, Q Li, S S Deng, W Z Yu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250304-00166","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250304-00166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To further standardize the management of vaccination units, the Specifications for Vaccination (2023 version) proposes hierarchical management. However, guidelines for establishing, implementing, and evaluating such a framework remain underdeveloped. This paper systematically reviews the current status of hierarchical management in vaccination units, clarifies its feasibility and necessity, and proposes an implementation scheme.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1443-1447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert recommendations for tiered education strategies for allergic rhinitis targeting the public].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250108-00023","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250108-00023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of allergic diseases has been steadily increasing worldwide, emerging as a significant global public health concern. Allergic rhinitis, as one of the most common allergic disorders, affects approximately 10% to 40% of the global population. Moreover, allergic rhinitis frequently coexists with other allergic conditions, such as allergic conjunctivitis, allergic asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Its recurrent nature and tendency to manifest as multiple comorbid allergic diseases severely impair patients' quality of life and work productivity, imposing a substantial economic and societal burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Consequently, improving the prevention, control, and management of allergic rhinitis has become an urgent priority for both the general public and the healthcare sector. Effective prevention and comprehensive management of allergic rhinitis require collaborative efforts from patients and various healthcare professionals, including targeted education for different tiers of stakeholders-patients, pharmacists, primary care physicians, and specialists (e.g., allergists, otolaryngologists, and pediatricians). This article propose specific strategies for tiered public education on allergic rhinitis from the perspectives of these four key groups. This approach aims to facilitate tailored, population-wide prevention and control, alleviate the disease burden on individuals and healthcare systems, and establish a foundation for advancing the integrated management of other allergic diseases in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1349-1361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Proficiency testing for 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing City: simulation study and result analysis].","authors":"Q Zhang, Y Zhang, L Han, M Liu, Y B Yu, Y Wang, Y Hu, H Zhong, D Guo, S P Sun, J X Lin, S Y Xu, X K Tang, G Y Sun, C B Zhang, H X Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250522-00465","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250522-00465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the sample preparation proficiency and storage proficiency of 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing through simulated experiments, and to establish an assessment method for the quality comparability of biological samples. <b>Methods:</b> An exploratory research design was adopted. In November 2023, artificial composite serum quality control materials containing six recombinant human protein markers-recombinant human alanine aminotransferase (rhALT), recombinant human aspartate aminotransferase (rhAST), recombinant human creatine kinase (rhCK), recombinant human creatine kinase-MB (rhCK-MB), recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide (rhBNP), and recombinant human troponin I (rhTNI)-were distributed to 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing City. Sample preparation and storage followed the standardized operating procedures. Proficiency differences were assessed through statistical analysis. <b>Results:</b> Three-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed all six protein markers showed a declining trend over storage time in ultra-low-temperature environments (<i>F</i> values 11.68-4 179.66, all <i>P</i><0.01). However, neither long-term/temporary refrigerator types (<i>F</i> values 0.01-1.23, all <i>P</i>>0.05)nor placement locations within refrigerators significantly affected the stability of these six proteins (<i>F</i> valus 0.03-1.47, all <i>P</i>>0.05). The biases in detection results for rhALT, rhAST, rhTNI, and rhBNP at different storage time points were within the allowable bias limits for each item, supporting their use as markers for protein stability in biobank samples. All 11 institutions passed the storage proficiency assessment. In the preparation proficiency assessment, deviations were observed in post-preparation sample results, with a notably high out-of-control rate for rhCK (36.36%). <b>Conclusion:</b> Sample preparation proficiency can serve as a quality control metric for clinical biobanks. Future external quality assessment systems for biobanks should focus on sample preparation rather than storage processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1590-1596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preliminary practice and consideration of adult vaccine prescription in Shandong Province].","authors":"L Zhang, Z Q Yu, H F Sun","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250108-00020","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250108-00020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccination is an effective measure to control infectious diseases and provides lifelong health protection for the public. In recent years, vaccination for adults, especially the elderly, has gradually attracted attention in China, but its vaccination rate is significantly lower than that in some developed countries. To improve adult vaccine coverage, an immunization service model featuring adult vaccine prescriptions has been explored in some provinces of China. This study describes the implementation and characteristics of an adult vaccine prescription pilot program in Shandong Province and discusses considerations related to the concept, compliance, advantages, and difficulties of the vaccine prescription model. Suggestions for developing the vaccine prescription system in China are also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1471-1474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on the association between prenatal nutritional factors and autism spectrum disorder].","authors":"W L Zhao, C L Pan, D D Li, J Yan, H M Huang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241105-00879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241105-00879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition originating in early life, presenting significant challenges for affected families and society. ASD is characterized by atypical brain development occurring throughout gestation. Maternal diet during pregnancy plays a crucial role in ASD pathogenesis. Specifically, prenatal multivitamin supplementation and adequate vitamin D intake may reduce ASD risk; similar protective effects have been associated with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and iron consumption. Although research findings are inconsistent, prenatal nutritional interventions represent a promising strategy for mitigating the future risk of mental health and other disorders in offspring. Therefore, this article reviews key nutrients implicated in ASD risk during pregnancy, to provide a theoretical foundation for developing precise perinatal nutritional intervention plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1559-1565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Progress in the application of dupilumab in pediatric dermatoses].","authors":"S Y Yang, J Sun, S Wang, B Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250128-00080","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250128-00080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that exerts its effects by targeting and binding to the interleukin (IL)-4 receptor alpha subunit, thereby blocking IL-4/13 signaling and downregulating Type 2 inflammation. It has been approved in China for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in patients aged 6 months and older, as well as prurigo nodularis (PN) and bullous pemphigoid in adults. Given its approval age and safety profile, the application of Dupilumab in children has unique advantages, and it has been widely used in the treatment of various Type 2 inflammation-associated and other pediatric dermatologic conditions.Early and proactive management of type 2 inflammatory dermatoses may have preventive and therapeutic implications for modulating the atopic march and type 2 inflammatory comorbidities. This article reviews and summarizes the recent applications of dupilumab in pediatric dermatological diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1575-1583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The first Shanghai clinical preventive testing conference was successfully held].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250522-00464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250522-00464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ethnic differences in genotype distribution of thalassemia between Han and Li populations in southern Hainan].","authors":"Y J Tang, Z X Li, B R Qi, F C Xiu, L Yang, Q Yang, Q L Tang, X P Lan, Y F Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241121-00931","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241121-00931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To analyze the ethnic differences in the genotype distribution of thalassemia between the Han and Li ethnic groups in the Qiongnan region (southern Hainan). A cross-sectional study employing a stratified multistage sampling method was conducted from January 2019 to December 2023. A total of 4 493 high-risk individuals (2 734 Han and 1 759 Li) from southern Hainan (including Sanya, Ledong, Baoting, Lingshui, and other counties) underwent thalassemia genetic testing. The genotype distribution was statistically analyzed. Inter-group comparisons were performed using <i>χ</i>² test or Fisher's exact test. The results showed an overall thalassemia positivity rate of 66.70% (2 997/4 493), with carrier, intermediate and major thalassemia rates of 62.01% (2 786/4 493), 3.98% (179/4 493) and 0.71% (32/4 493), respectively. The positivity rates for thalassemia were 87.83% (1 545/1 759) in the Li ethnic group and 53.11% (1 452/2 734) in the Han ethnic group. Among them, the Li ethnic group exhibited significantly higher positivity rates for α-thalassemia (71.12% <i>vs.</i> 40.64%, <i>χ</i>²=398.90, <i>P</i><0.001) and α/β-compound thalassemia (13.36% <i>vs</i>. 3.33%, <i>χ</i>²=160.06, <i>P</i><0.001) compared to the Han ethnic group, whereas the Han ethnic group had a higher β-thalassemia rate (9.14% <i>vs.</i> 3.35%, <i>χ</i>²=56.03, <i>P</i><0.001). Both ethnic groups shared common α-thalassemia alleles (-α^3.7 and -α^4.2), but the --^SEA allele proportion was significantly higher in Han (21.33% <i>vs.</i> 4.34%, <i>χ</i>²=231.45, <i>P</i><0.001). Six rare -α^21.9 mutations (0.26%) were exclusively identified in the Li ethnic group, whereas none were found in Han. For β-thalassemia, the β^CD41-42 allele was predominant in Li (96.60% <i>vs.</i> 71.01%, <i>χ</i>²=77.24, <i>P</i><0.001), whereas other alleles (β^IVS-II-654, β^CD71-72, β^CD17, and β^-28) were more prevalent in Han (11.01%, 6.96%, 4.64%, and 3.19% <i>vs.</i> 1.54%, 0.00%, 0.31%, and 0.62%, respectively),all <i>P</i><0.05. In conclusion, distinct ethnic disparities in thalassemia genotype distribution are observed in southern Hainan. The Li ethnic group is predominantly characterized by α-thalassemia and α/β-compound genotypes with a predominant β^CD41-42 mutation. In contrast, the Han ethnic group displays higher --^SEA proportion and heterogeneous β-thalassemia genotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1540-1545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the impact of vaccine inserts on vaccination in special health status population in China].","authors":"T X Feng, Y Shi, Z Y Huang, M Zeng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241031-00864","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241031-00864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study systematically analyzed the package inserts of vaccines purchased centrally for the Chinese national immunization program in 2024. By comparing them with the Childhood Immunization Schedule for National Immunization Program Vaccines-China (Version 2021) and vaccination practice guidelines, this study identified and summarized the limitations and misconceptions in the vaccination descriptions for populations with special health status. Thirty-two vaccine inserts were collected for twelve different types of national immunization program vaccines. An analysis was conducted on the documents for indications, immunization schedules, contraindications, precautions, drug interactions, clinical trial outcomes, and the use of medications in pregnant and lactating women. The primary issues included: rough statements regarding contraindications and precautions for vaccination; special populations with vaccination indications classified as contraindicated or indicated with precautions; immunization schedule without specified procedures and dosage for special populations; unreasonable timeframe for deferring vaccinations after the administration of antibody-containing blood products; absent rational recommendations for concurrent administration with other vaccines and immunosuppressants. Some current vaccine inserts of the national immunization program had broad and unreasonable descriptions of contraindications and precautions, which could affect the vaccination of populations with special health status, causing concerns among healthcare providers and vaccine recipients regarding vaccine safety and leading to vaccine hesitancy. It is recommended to promote evidence-based revision of description on vaccination for populations with special health status in vaccine inserts. Additionally, the principle for vaccinating children with special health status in the Childhood Immunization Schedule for National Immunization Program Vaccines-China (Version 2021) should be further refined to enhance confidence and convenience in vaccination practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1475-1482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Strengthening vaccine wastage research to improve the quality of vaccine management].","authors":"Y Wang, H Q He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250306-00173","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250306-00173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective vaccine management is a prerequisite for successfully delivering immunization services while controlling costs, and it also guarantees the optimal performance of immunization. Research into vaccine wastage is a vital aspect of vaccine management. Currently, China lacks a comprehensive national-level system for monitoring vaccine wastage. This paper focuses on the types of vaccine wastage, the indicators of vaccine wastage, and the current state of research on vaccine wastage both domestically and internationally. It also contemplates and outlines the future prospects for vaccine wastage research in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 9","pages":"1483-1485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}