中华预防医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Improving the coverage rate of human papillomavirus vaccine among adolescent females to contribute to the goal of eliminating cervical cancer in China].","authors":"A Q Xu, W Z Yang, F H Zhao, X H Pang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250630-00610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250630-00610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China has long prioritized the prevention and control of cervical cancer. In 2023, the National Health Commission and nine other departments jointly formulated the \"Action Plan for Accelerating the Elimination of Cervical Cancer (2023-2030)\". This article reviews the current global and Chinese progress in eliminating cervical cancer and HPV vaccination efforts. It specifically analyzes the problems and challenges faced in improving the HPV vaccination coverage rate among adolescent females in China. The article articulates the public health value of this improvement in achieving the ultimate goal of eliminating cervical cancer. Furthermore, it proposes targeted technical recommendations, including promptly incorporating HPV vaccination among adolescent females into the National Immunization Plan, formulating and continuously improving vaccination strategies and implementation plans, strengthening science popularization and publicity, and enhancing public opinion monitoring and risk management. These recommendations aim to promote health equity and contribute to the goal of eliminating cervical cancer as soon as possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Practices and considerations on the free HPV vaccination program for eligible girls in Zhejiang Province under the global initiative to accelerate cervical cancer elimination].","authors":"Y P Chen, X Deng, Y Wang, Y W Zhu, Y X Liang, H Q He, S Y Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220104-00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220104-00007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Against the backdrop of the global acceleration of cervical cancer elimination, China has been promoting pilot programs offering free or subsidized HPV vaccination for eligible girls. In 2022, Zhejiang Province initiated a free bivalent HPV vaccination program for eligible girls, expanding from pilot areas to the whole province. Through key measures such as effective multi-sectoral collaboration, full financial support, comprehensive health education and high-quality vaccination services, the program was successfully implemented. However, challenges were encountered during the implementation of the program, including difficulties in target population definition and HPV vaccine selection, as well as significant gap between vaccination intention and behavior. This article systematically analyzes the practices and challenges faced by Zhejiang Province, and proposes corresponding strategies and suggestions based on the best practices both domestically and internationally. It aims to provide references for the implementation of similar programs in other regions or even integrating HPV vaccine into the immunization program.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on comprehensive prevention and control strategies for human papillomavirus associated diseases].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250526-00481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250526-00481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is not only the primary cause of cervical cancer but is also closely linked to anal, vaginal, penile, vulvar, and head and neck cancers, including oropharyngeal and oral cancers. Additionally, HPV can cause genital warts and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, posing a significant threat to population health. Enhancing the prevention and control of HPV-associated diseases is crucial for safeguarding public health in China. This consensus explicitly advocates for strengthening scientific research, improving professional capacities, intensifying public health education, enhancing access to prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment services, and promoting policy support. These measures aim to establish an integrated strategy for the comprehensive prevention and control of HPV-associated diseases, offering strategic guidance for healthcare providers, researchers, health administrators, and policymakers involved in HPV prevention and control. It also emphasizes expanding focus and action beyond cervical cancer, advocating a transition from a predominantly female-centered prevention model toward a gender-neutral approach, thereby fostering a more comprehensive public health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the incidence and age characteristics of colorectal cancer in cancer registration areas of Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2019].","authors":"J Zhou, W G Miao, J Y Zhou, R Tao, P F Cai, P F Luo, R Q Han","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240930-00784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240930-00784","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To analyze the trend of colorectal cancer incidence and age changes in cancer registration areas of Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2019. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Based on the continuous and complete data of 16 cancer registries with qualified quality control in Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2019, the crude incidence rate, age-standardized incidence rate by Segi World Standard Population (ASIRW), age-specific incidence rate, mean age at onset, standardized mean age at onset, standardized age-specific incidence proportion, and incidence proportion of the population over 60 years old of colorectal cancer were calculated. Joinpoint software was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of crude incidence rate, ASIRW, age-specific incidence rate, and incidence proportion of the population over 60 years, respectively. Birth cohort models were constructed to analyze the incidence of colorectal cancer and its trends in the population born from 1929 to 2019. Linear regression models were used to analyze the correlation between mean age at onset, standardized mean age at onset and the year of onset. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; From 2009 to 2019, a total of 48 036 new cases of colorectal cancer were collected from 16 cancer registries in Jiangsu Province, including 27 508 males and 20 528 females. The crude incidence rate and ASIRW of colorectal cancer in Jiangsu Province increased from 19.00/100 000 and 12.32/100 000 in 2009 to 33.49/100 000 and 16.75/100 000 in 2019, respectively, showing a significant upward trend (CR: &lt;i&gt;AAPC&lt;/i&gt;=5.99%, ASIRW: &lt;i&gt;AAPC&lt;/i&gt;=3.54%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). The increase of ASIRW was greater in males than that observed in females (males: &lt;i&gt;AAPC&lt;/i&gt;=4.31%, females: &lt;i&gt;AAP&lt;/i&gt;C=2.34%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), and greater in rural areas than in urban areas (rural areas: &lt;i&gt;AAPC&lt;/i&gt;=4.03%, urban areas: &lt;i&gt;AAPC&lt;/i&gt;=3.13%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). The incidence of people over 50 years old increased significantly by year, with the 60~69 age group exhibiting a more rapid increase (&lt;i&gt;AAPC&lt;/i&gt;=4.97%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). In the birth cohort, the incidence increased rapidly in the population over 50 years with the passage of birth year, with AAPCs ranging from 1.76% to 7.05% (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). From 2009 to 2019, the standardized mean age at onset of colorectal cancer increased by 0.10 years annually. The proportion of standardized age-specific incidence exhibited a trend of increase in older age groups, and the incidence proportion of the population over 60 years old showed a significant yearly increase (&lt;i&gt;AAPC&lt;/i&gt;=0.86%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; From 2009 to 2019, the incidence, mean age at onset and the incidence proportion of the population over 60 years old of colorectal cancer in Jiangsu Province could exhibit a rapid upward trend. The increase is particularly pronounced in males and rural areas. Additionally, the age-specific incidence distribution reveals a trend of increase in older age groups. Therefore, targeted adjustme","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1054-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Distribution characteristics of smoking behavior among adult twins in China].","authors":"S K Liu, W J Gao, W H Cao, J Lyu, C Q Yu, S F Wang, T Huang, D J Y Sun, C X Liao, Y J Pang, R Q Gao, M Yu, J Y Zhou, X P Wu, Z Dong, F Wu, D Z Wang, Z H Xu, Y Liu, J R Wang, J Yin, S L Yin, L M Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240726-00603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240726-00603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of smoking behavior among adult twins in the China Twin Registry (CNTR), as well as the concordance rates for smoking behavior in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, and estimate the heritability. The study population included adult twins in CNTR who had smoking questionnaire data. A random-effects regression model was used to describe the distribution of smoking behavior among different subgroups based on various characteristics. The concordance of smoking behavior between different zygosity groups was calculated, and heritability was estimated. A total of 28 444 twin pairs were included in this study, with an average age of (36.6±12.0) years. Among male twins, 41.2% were current smokers, while only 1.2% of females smoked. Higher smoking rates were observed among male smokers in the 50-59 age group (<i>z=</i>23.0, <i>P</i><0.001), northern regions (<i>z=</i>2.9, <i>P</i><0.01), rural areas (<i>z=</i>-5.2, <i>P</i><0.001), those who were divorced/widowed (<i>z=</i>3.8, <i>P</i><0.001), and first-born twins (<i>z=</i>-4.3, <i>P</i><0.001), while lower smoking rates were found in those with higher education (<i>z=</i>-16.1, <i>P</i><0.001) and unmarried individuals (<i>z=</i>-16.0, <i>P</i><0.001). The smoking concordance rate for male monozygotic twins was 69.6%, significantly higher than the 57.3% concordance rate for dizygotic twins (<i>χ²</i>=105.0, <i>P</i><0.05). The heritability of smoking behavior in male twins was estimated at 28.9% (95%<i>CI</i>: 24.3%-33.4%). Stratified analyses showed differences in heritability across regions and age groups: the heritability in northern regions was 32.6% (95%<i>CI</i>: 27.3%-38.0%), higher than the 21.0% (95%<i>CI</i>: 12.4%-29.5%) observed in southern regions; the highest heritability of 35.1% (95%<i>CI</i>: 26.3%-43.9%) was found in the 18-29 age group, with heritability decreasing with age. In conclusion, the smoking rate and influencing factors in the twin population are similar to those in the general population, with unique characteristics, such as higher smoking rates in first-born twins. Genetic factors have a significant impact on smoking behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1090-1096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Genomic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> isolated from food in Beijing, City 2022].","authors":"Y Zhang, Y Z Liu, P H Zhang, D Wang, X Y Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250106-00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250106-00014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the genomic characteristics and antibiotic resistance of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> isolated from food sources in Beijing City in 2022. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 83 strains of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> were isolated from three major categories of food, namely raw poultry, raw livestock meat and ready-to-eat foods, in Beijing's food safety risk monitoring in 2022. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to determine serogroups, multilocus sequence typing (ST) and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes were identified using the VFDB and ResFinder 3.0 databases. Antimicrobial susceptibility to eight antibiotics was tested via the broth microdilution method. <b>Results:</b> The predominant serogroup was 1/2a, 3a (61.2%). All the isolates were divided into 14 STs, with ST121 (21.7%), ST8 (20.5%), ST9 (13.3%), and ST87 (13.3%) as the dominant types. All 83 isolates were classified into 75 cgMLST types, with six clusters showing identical profiles, indicating potential clonal transmission. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that strains of the same ST clustered together regardless of geographic origin, and some Beijing isolates differed by fewer than 10 alleles from strains isolated in other countries. All the isolates in the study carried virulence islands 1(LIPI-1) and LIPI-2. LIPI-3 was detected in ST1, ST11 and ST3 isolates, while LIPI-4 was found in ST87 isolates. About 42 isolates (50.6%, including ST1, ST11, ST5, ST307, ST8, ST9, ST155, and ST3) harbored SSI-1, and 18 ST121 isolates carried SSI-2. Only 3.61% (three strains) and 4.82% (four strains) of isolates exhibited resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin, respectively. No resistance to other tested antibiotics was observed. <b>Conclusion:</b> Foodborne <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> in Beijing exhibits high genomic diversity but is dominated by specific STs, some of which are associated with hypervirulence. Some Beijing isolates have homology with food-derived isolates from other countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"997-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on pyroptosis in sepsis-induced organ injury].","authors":"L Y Huang, S F Guo, Y Q Hou","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250212-00102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250212-00102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, which can lead to damage to a variety of organs, including the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, and brain. Pyroptosis is a form of inflammatory cell death, marked by the sequential events of membrane pore formation, cellular swelling leading to rupture, and subsequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated a close association between pyroptosis and sepsis. Pyroptosis extensively contributes to the onset and progression of sepsis through various pathways while also being regulated by multiple factors. This article reviews the role and mechanisms of pyroptosis in sepsis-induced organ injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1141-1147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Screening and phenotypic characterization of Nontoxigenic <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> for intervention in <i>C. difficile</i> infection].","authors":"L L Bai, T L Xu, W Z Zhang, Y J Jiang, H J Zhou, Y Wu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240716-00573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240716-00573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To identify candidate strains of Nontoxigenic <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> (NTCD) with potential for intervention in <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) and analyze their phenotypic characteristics. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 713 <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> strains from various sources were systematically collected nationwide between 2015 and 2023. This included 649 strains isolated from human fecal samples and 64 strains isolated from the fecal samples of farmed animals. NTCD strains were preliminarily screened through toxin gene detection and antibiotic sensitivity test, and then NTCD candidate strains with potential for intervention in CDI were screened by a series of in vitro experiments, including MLST, sporulation, germination, adhesion, motility, and biofilm formation ability. Ultimately, the virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance genes of the candidate strains were comprehensively analyzed to rigorously assess their safety profiles. <b>Results:</b> Among 713 strains of <i>C. difficile</i> from different sources, 10 strains were initially screened out, which were non-toxin-producing and sensitive to antibiotics. MLST showed that seven strains were from the Clade1 branch and three strains were of a novel type. The results of sporulation and germination showed that SD59, SD178, SJZ17, and WZ142 had stronger sporulation and germination abilities. The adhesion of 10 strains was high, and the adhesion rate was between 72.93% and 99.32%. The motility of all strains was different, and the motility of SD178, SD59 and SJZ17 was stronger. The biofilm-forming ability of all strains was weak. SD59, SD178 and SJZ17 carried a limited number of virulence and resistance genes, thereby posing a relatively low safety risk. <b>Conclusion:</b> Three NTCD strains are successfully selected as potential effective NTCD strains to interfere with CDI.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"982-988"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The development of AlphaFold and its applications in biology and medicine].","authors":"P H Niu, X J Ma, J Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250117-00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250117-00051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of AlphaFold has catalyzed a paradigm shift in protein structure prediction, redefining the landscape of computational biology through its iterative evolution. The developmental trajectory spans three transformative iterations: the foundational AlphaFold prototype, its revolutionary successor AlphaFold2, and the recently unveiled AlphaFold3. AlphaFold2 marked a quantum leap in 2020 by introducing an end-to-end deep learning architecture that achieved atomic-level accuracy, decisively solving the decades-old protein folding problem as demonstrated by its unprecedented performance at CASP14 (Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction). Building upon this framework, AlphaFold3 represents an evolutionary leap, expanding predictive capabilities to model intricate biomolecular complexes including ligand-protein binding interfaces and nucleic acid interactions.These advancements have unlocked transformative applications across multiple domains: enabling rapid proteome-scale structural annotations in structural biology, accelerating virtual screening pipelines in drug discovery, and facilitating viral protein characterization in emerging virology research. However, persistent limitations in modeling conformational dynamics and transient binding states underscore the need for continued methodological refinement. This comprehensive analysis examines the algorithmic innovations driving AlphaFold's progression, evaluates its multidisciplinary applications, and critically assesses current technical constraints-providing a framework to guide future developments at the intersection of artificial intelligence and molecular bioscience.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1156-1163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Scientific consensus on coffee and health (2024)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250227-00149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250227-00149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. Numerous studies have demonstrated that moderate coffee consumption may help reduce the risk of certain chronic diseases. However, public misunderstandings and confusion persist regarding coffee's health effects, particularly its associations with cancer, addictive properties, and osteoporosis. This consensus document systematically reviews regulations, guidelines, and recommendations from global authoritative bodies and academic organizations, combined with evidence from population studies, to formulate expert consensus. It aims to provide comprehensive scientific insights into the relationship between coffee and health, enabling the public to make informed choices about coffee consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"977-981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}