中华预防医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and clinical management of anaphylaxis].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250109-00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250109-00024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaphylaxis is increasingly, which is currently under-notified, under-diagnosed and under-treated in China. To improve the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis, this consensus elaborates on the pathogenesis, triggers, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of anaphylaxis based on previous published evidence-based guidelines and practice parameters. Additionally, it proposes recommendations for the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis specially for Chinese patients. This consensus aims to guide physicians in standardizing the management of anaphylaxis and to provide a framework for the development of new guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnosis and treatment of otogenic sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis in children].","authors":"C Liu, Y X Lu, S C Wu, M Wang, X J Zhan, Q L Gu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240311-00205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240311-00205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis(SST) as a severe complication of otogenic infections in children, its early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving prognosis. This study reports three cases (aged 2 years, 9 months to 4 years) of otogenic SST in children diagnosed by imaging, all secondary to acute otitis media. The clinical features mainly included recurrent high fever, ear pain, and postauricular swelling, with one case complicated by abducens nerve palsy and otorrhea. Imaging characteristics revealed: HRCT of the temporal bone showed destruction of the anterior wall of the sigmoid sinus; characteristic MRI findings of the ear included high T2WI signal in the sigmoid sinus area, ring enhancement post-contrast, and restricted diffusion on DWI; MRV of the ear clearly displayed the extent of venous sinus thrombosis. Treatment involved a comprehensive approach of surgical drainage combined with sensitive antibiotics and anticoagulant therapy, and all children achieved clinical cure. Through literature review, it was found that SST in children has an insidious onset, and high vigilance is required when otogenic infection patients present with the \"otitis media triad\" (fever, ear pain, headache) accompanied by neurological symptoms. Imaging examination is crucial for early diagnosis, and standardized treatment (clearance of infection foci and adequate course of anti-infection and anticoagulation) can significantly improve prognosis, providing a reference for the clinical management of SST in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"406-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[VDAC1 activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell proliferation in lung adenocarcinoma].","authors":"Y R Xing, Y Zhang, Y X Su, Y F Liu, J W Zhou, F Zhao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241008-00794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241008-00794","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To explore the regulatory mechanism of voltage-dependent anion channel 1(VDAC1) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) cells. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This study employed a combination of bioinformatics and experimental validation methods, conducting bioinformatics analysis and cytological experimental validation in the central laboratory of the School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology from February 2023 to August 2024.Clinical histological specimen validation was performed using immunohistochemistry, and a retrospective analysis was conducted on 5 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent samples from Huai'an First People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University. The TCGA network database was analyzed for the expression pattern, prognostic value, and functional enrichment of VDAC1 in LUAD. A549 cells with VDAC1 knockdown and H1650 cells with VDAC1 overexpression were established through lentiviral transfection. The expression difference of VDAC1 protein in LUAD and adjacent tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry.The effects of VDAC1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities were explored through CCK8 assay, scratch healing assay, and Transwell assay.The activation levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins, cell cycle-dependent kinases, and molecules in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway were detected by Western blot. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Bioinformatics analysis revealed that VDAC1 was highly expressed in LUAD cells (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.000 1) and was an independent risk factor for LUAD (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.000 1). Functional enrichment analysis showed significant enrichment of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, G2M checkpoint, and P53 signaling pathways (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). Compared to adjacent control tissues, the expression level of VDAC1 protein is higher in lung adenocarcinoma tissues.Overexpression of VDAC1 promoted the proliferation (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.000 1), migration, and invasion(&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01) of H1650 cells, while knockdown of VDAC1 inhibited the proliferation (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.000 1), migration, and invasion (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05) of A549 cells.Western Blot experiments showed that compared to the control group, the expression levels of vimentin (1.10±0.11 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 2.39±0.15, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), N-cadherin (0.94±0.12 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 2.72±0.06, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), CDK1 (0.93±0.04 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 1.53±0.03, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.000 1), CDK2 (1.04±0.13 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 2.29±0.06, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), CDK4 (0.90±0.03 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 2.00±0.11, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01), p-PI3K (1.08±0.13 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 1.85±0.12, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01), and p-AKT (1.03±0.11 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 1.69±0.06, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001) were increased in H1650 cells overexpressing VDAC1, while E-cadherin expression decreased (2.18±0.14 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 0.997±0.11, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001).In contrast, in A549 cells with VDAC1 knockdown, the expression levels of vimentin (1.70±0.26 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 0.97±0.09, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), N-cadherin (1.98±0.25 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 1.03±0.06, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), CDK1 (1.13","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"317-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological characteristics of co-infection with drug-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae and non-bacterial pathogens in a children's hospital in Ningbo City from 2021 to 2024].","authors":"J Wang, H T Lyu, J S Zheng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240911-00731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240911-00731","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of co-infection involving macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) and non-bacterial pathogens in hospitalized children at Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University from 2021 to 2024, a retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Throat swabs were collected from children admitted for respiratory tract infections between January 2021 and December 2024. A total of 22 311 children aged 0-18 years old were included, including 12 021 males and 10 290 females. The median age was 5.00 years and the mean age was (5.02±3.25) years. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and multiplex PCR were employed to determine the MP infection rate, the prevalence of MRMP, and the co-infection rates with non-bacterial pathogens across different years. Patients with MRMP were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of co-infections: simple infection group and mixed infection group. The differences in age, gender, and onset time between these groups were analyzed, along with the distribution of pathogens in the mixed infection group. Chi-square tests were used for intergroup comparisons. The results showed that the overall positive rate of MP among the 22 311 children was 39.42% (8 794/22 311), with a detection rate of MP drug resistance gene mutations at 70.42% (6 193/8 794). The co-infection rate of MRMP was 24.29% (1 504/6 193). Statistically significant differences were observed in the MP positive rate and the detection rate of drug resistance gene mutations from 2021 to 2024 (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=1 674.420, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05; &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=67.733, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), with peak values in 2023 (50.87% and 73.83%, respectively). Among the annual co-infections, the highest rate was in 2024 (28.72%), while the lowest was in 2022 (7.30%). In the age distribution, the rate of mixed infections decreased with increasing age (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=84.742, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). Seasonally, the infection rates in winter 2023 and the spring, summer, and autumn of 2024 were significantly higher than those in 2022 (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=24.243, 13.101, 26.181, and 10.687, respectively; all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), with the lowest mixed infection rate observed in winter 2022 over the four-year period. Over the four years, the highest positive rate for rhinovirus was consistently observed in MRMP co-infections each year, particularly in the 3-to 6-year-old age group. The positive rate for mixed infections involving respiratory syncytial virus, human bocavirus, and parainfluenza virus was notably higher in the 0- to 3-year-old age group. Following the removal of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in December 2022, the co-infection rate of other respiratory viruses and MRMP increased in Ningbo City. In conclusion, the positive rate of MRMP has shown an upward trend from 2021 to 2023. Post-NPI removal, MRMP mixed infections have become more prevalent in 2023 and 2024, predominantly affectin","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"336-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Early differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and acute myocarditis in young patients].","authors":"J Huang, X Y Zhu, C Tang, H Li, Y N Wu, C P Zhang, J Zhu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240924-00770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240924-00770","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To explore the value of general information and rapid laboratory tests obtained from the emergency department in the early diagnosis and prevention of young patients with acute myocardial infarction and acute myocarditis, in order to prevent the disease from progressing to a critical stage. This study employs a retrospective observational study, compiling clinical data from young patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction or acute myocarditis who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology or Emergency Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2015 to September 2024. Demographic information and laboratory test results from both the outpatient and emergency departments were retrieved. The acute myocardial infarction group comprised 267 patients (257 males, 10 females) aged 23-44 ys, while the acute myocarditis group included 134 patients (93 males, 41 females) aged 18-44 ys. A comparative analysis of the clinical data between the two groups was conducted, encompassing variables such as age, gender, comorbidities, high-risk factors, emergency blood routine tests, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, coagulation profiles, renal function tests, NT-proBNP levels, myocardial injury markers, electrocardiogram readings, blood pressure, and heart rate. The results showed that:Compared with the young myocarditis group, the myocardial infarction group was older (ys)[38(35, 42) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 30(25, 37), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=7 893, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], more male [257(96.3%) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 93(69.4%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=57.95, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], more smoking [211(79.0%)&lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 38(28.4%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=97.32, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], drinking history [125(46.8%) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 22(16.4%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=35.51, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], family history of coronary heart disease [45(16.9%) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 3(2.2%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=18.09, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], hypertension [100(37.5%) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 12(9.0%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=36, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001] and diabetes [42(15.7%) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 4(3.0%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=14.27, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001]. Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)[126(114, 144) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 119(101, 126), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=11 389.50, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)[80(70, 93) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 72(62, 81), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=12 220.50, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], total white blood cell count (10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;/L)[11.3(9.2, 14.1) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 8.5(6.6, 11.2), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=10 825.50, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], hemoglobin (g/L)[157(147, 166) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 143(129, 154), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=9 404.50, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], platelet count (10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;/L)[244(206, 297) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 207(173, 253), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=11 680, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], uric acid (μmol/L)[380(315, 446) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 347(265, 412), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=14 805.50, &lt;i&gt;P=&lt;/i&gt;0.005], ST segment elevation [204(76.4%) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 57(42.5%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=73.03, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001] and Q wave formation [76(28.5%) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 17(12.7%), &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=12.47, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001] in ECG were higher than those in myocarditis group. The duration of onset (hs) [6(3, 25) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 48(24, 73), &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;=27911, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001], heart rate (beats/min)[82(74, 92) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 92(78,","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"365-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Correlation between the level of serum IL-6 and the severity of infection in patients with diabetic foot].","authors":"J Y Li, L Xiong, P Y Wang, Q F Ma","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241111-00885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241111-00885","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To explore the correlation between the level of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the severity of infection in patients with diabetic foot (DF) and the auxiliary value of IL-6 in DF diagnosis, and aim to provide reference for clinical treatment. Based on the hospital medical record system and the laboratory system, a retrospective analysis with case-control study was conducted on the data of patients in Liyuan Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2020 to September 2024. A total of 377 patients' information was collected, including 31 cases in control group with 17 males and 14 females from 31 to 91 years old and a median age of 71, 63 cases in NDF group with 43 males and 20 females from 37 to 96 years old, with a median age of 71, and 283 patients in DF group with 197 males and 86 females from 36 to 96 years, with a median age of 67. According to classification of infection severity, paints in the group of diabetes with DF were divided into mild infection subgroup (72 cases), moderate infection subgroup (143 cases) and severe infection subgroup (68 cases). The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in age and gender among the three groups in the study (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;=1.795/&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;=2.81, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). The non parametric test results showed that there were statistically significant differences in IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), white blood cell (WBC) and glucose (GLU) among the three groups of patients (&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=12.480, 36.277, 12.432, 12.838, 18.334, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The pairwise comparison results showed that compared with the control group, the NDF group had higher levels of CRP, PCT and GLU (&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=20.259, 20.118, 20.056, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), and the levels of IL-6, CRP, PCT and WBC(&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=14.934,14.933,14.829,14.934, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05) were higher in the DF group. Both of the differences were statistically significant. But the difference of IL-6, CRP, PCT, WBC and GLU between the NDF and DF group was not statistically significant(&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=1.202,0.622,0.737,1.036,1.899,&lt;i&gt;P&gt;0.05&lt;/i&gt;). In DF group, there were statistically significant differences in IL-6, CRP, PCT, WBC, and GLU levels among patients in the three infection subgroups (&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=11.174, 15.136, 8.657, 8.348, 3.698, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05).Compared to the mild subgroup, the levels of IL-6, CRP, PCT, WBC and GLU were higher in the severe subgroup were higher(&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=111.789,237.066,74.683,83.203,15.328, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05) and the levels of IL-6, CRP, PCT in the moderate subgroup were higher (&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=6.877, 8.846, 5.183, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). And both of the differences were statistically significant. But there was no statistically significant difference in WBC and GLU level between the mild and the moderate subgroup(&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;=1.684, 1.039,&lt;i&gt;P&gt;0.05&lt;/i&gt;). The severity of infection in diabetic foot patients was positively correlated with the IL-6 level (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.033, 95%&lt;i&gt;C","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on the application of oral fluid specimens in etiological detection].","authors":"Z He, M Y Guo, F C He, K H Yao, X P Hou","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240703-00532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240703-00532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral fluid specimens are a new type of specimen whose clinical application value is widely evaluated. Compared with conventional pathogen detection technology, they have the advantages of non-invasive, simple operation and self-collection. They can be used for biochemical analysis, nucleic acid detection of infectious pathogens and tumor cells, and have been recommended for screening and diagnosis of certain diseases. This article mainly summarizes the collection methods of oral fluid and related samples, as well as their application in the diagnosis of infectious pathogens, providing a reference for the detection and research of clinical infectious disease etiology in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"397-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of non-communicable disease prevention and control policy implementation in China from 2014 to 2021].","authors":"X K Wang, H Li, J H Guo, R Y Zhang, F Y Cui, W L Dong","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241024-00845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241024-00845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study utilized data from the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) Progress Monitor Reports (2015, 2017, 2020, 2022) released by World Health Organization (WHO) to analyze the implementation of NCDs prevention and control policies in China from 2014 to 2021 through descriptive statistical method, aiming to provide evidence for strengthening national NCDs strategies. The analysis focuses on WHO-recommended 'best buys' policies for NCDs prevention and control, covering 10 categories (18 interventions): national NCDs targets, mortality data, risk factor surveys, national integrated NCDs policies/strategies/action plans, tobacco demand-reduction measures, harmful use of alcohol reduction measures, unhealthy diet reduction policies, physical activity campaigns, national clinical guidelines for cancer/CVD/diabetes/CRD management, and drug therapy/counselling for cardiovascular diseases. In accordance with the WHO's NCDs progress monitor scoring methodology, policies are assigned 1.0 point for full implementation, 0.5 points for partial implementation, and 0 points for non-implementation or missing data, with a maximum total score of 18.0 points. The analytical metrics encompass the policy implementation score, implementation rate, and period-on-period implementation growth rate. The results showed that China's total policy implementation scores for NCDs prevention and control in 2014, 2016, 2019, and 2021 were consistently higher than the global average (8.5, 10.5, 9.5, 9.5 <i>vs</i> 6.7, 8.3, 8.6, 8.6). From 2014 to 2021, the total score increased by 1.0 point, and the implementation rate improved by 8.9%. From 2014 to 2016, China's total policy implementation score rose from 8.5 to 10.5, primarily driven by improvements in tobacco tax increases and unhealthy diet reduction measures (salt reduction, restrictions on high-fat foods, and regulation of breast-milk substitute sales). However, this progress was partially offset by a decline in scores for physical activity campaigns. From 2016 to 2019, the total score decreased to 9.5, largely due to lower scores in harmful use of alcohol reduction measures (alcohol taxation and advertising bans). From 2019 to 2021, the total score remained stable, with increases in marketing to children restrictions balanced by declines in scores for drug therapy/counselling for cardiovascular diseases. In 2021, China's total policy implementation score (9.5) exceeded the global average (8.6) but fell below the G20 average (11.2). Significant gaps remained compared to top-performing G20 countries such as Turkey (16.5), particularly in tobacco control and restrictions on harmful alcohol use. In conclusion, from 2014 to 2021, China's total policy implementation score for NCDs prevention and control consistently exceeded the global average, demonstrating an upward trend, and various NCDs prevention and control policies have been continuously improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"328-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparison and application of direct and indirect methods in establishing reference intervals for coagulation tests].","authors":"J Zheng, P Wang, J Li, Q M Cao, Y T Cao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240923-00764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240923-00764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to establish adult reference intervals for coagulation parameters using the CN-6000 fully automated coagulation analyzer. It also compared the applicability of direct and indirect methods in different populations. A cross-sectional and retrospective design was employed. The direct method included patients from the colorectal surgery and dermatology departments, as well as healthy participants from phase I clinical trials, admitted to the West Campus of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from April to December 2023. Participants were divided into two age groups: younger adults (18-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years). Coagulation parameters were tested, and reference intervals were determined. The indirect method applied the refineR algorithm to analyze coagulation data from non-ICU patients during the same period. The performance of both methods was evaluated in healthy participants, relatively healthy patients, and patients with high disease prevalence. The results showed that the direct method yielded similar reference intervals for APTT, PT, and TT in younger and older groups, with combined intervals of 23.7-31.2 seconds, 10.4-12.8 seconds, and 14.7-17.5 seconds, respectively. However, the Fib showed a significant difference between the two groups (<i>U</i>=1 052 023, <i>P</i><0.01), and separate reference intervals were established: 1.7-4.5 g/L for the younger group and 2.1-4.6 g/L for the older group. The reference intervals derived by the indirect method are similar to those from the direct method: APTT 23.8-31.4 seconds, PT 10.4-13.0 seconds, TT 14.5-17.4 seconds, and Fib 1.8-4.3 g/L (18-64 years) and 2.1-4.5 g/L (≥65 years). In relatively healthy patients, the reference intervals obtained by both methods were comparable, but significant differences were observed in patients with high disease prevalence. In conclusion, this study established localized reference intervals for the CN-6000 fully automated coagulation analyzer. The indirect method can serve as an alternative to the direct method in healthy and relatively healthy populations. However, its applicability in populations with high disease prevalence is limited and requires cautious interpretation in the context of clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"359-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prognostic value of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in assessing patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction].","authors":"Y J Wei, Z Hou, Y T Liu, M W Wang, X Y Wang, Y N Ye, K G Jia","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240912-00733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240912-00733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the prognostic value of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) in assessing patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). <b>Methods:</b> Patients with HFrEF (LVEF<40%) admitted to the TEDA International Cardiovascular Disease Hospital between 2 January 2019 and 15 January 2023 were selected. The MHR levels were recorded at admission in patients with HFrEF who were followed up regularly for 12 months. The major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiac death and readmission for heart failure) were defined as poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze factors associated with poor prognosis. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic value of MHR for poor prognosis. The DeLong test was used to analyze whether there was a difference in the effectiveness of MHR and BNP for detecting poor prognosis. The critical value grouping for poor prognosis was evaluated by MHR, and survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier. <b>Results:</b> A total of 286 subjects were enrolled in the study, including 206 males and 80 females, with a median age (<i>Q</i>₁, <i>Q</i>₃) of 67 (58, 74) years. Multivariate Cox regression showed that MHR (<i>HR</i>=1.482, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.015-2.164) and BNP (<i>HR</i>=1.001, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.000-1.001) were associated with poor prognosis in patients with HFrEF. The area under the ROC curve for the adjunctive diagnostic value of MHR, BNP and the combination of both for poor prognosis in patients with HFrEF was 0.709, 0.738 and 0.769, respectively. The critical values were 0.486, 1 090 pg/ml and 0.41, respectively. The DeLong test showed no differences in the validity of MHR, BNP and their combination for detecting poor prognosis. Kaplan Meier survival analysis of 12-month follow-up showed that the time for poor prognosis in HFrEF patients with MHR>0.486 group (8.645 months) was significantly shorter than that in MHR≤0.486 group (10.296 months, <i>P</i><0.001), and the risk of poor prognosis in MHR>0.486 group was 2.843 times higher than that in MHR≤0.486 group (<i>HR</i>=2.843, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.867-4.327). <b>Conclusion:</b> MHR can be an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with HFrEF.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 3","pages":"309-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}