中华预防医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[The association between circadian rhythm disruption-related behaviors and myopia in children and adolescents].","authors":"C Y Li, H J Tong, K Y Ren, S M Tao, F B Tao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251007-00950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251007-00950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child and adolescent myopia has become a critical global public health concern, with its prevalence steadily rising worldwide. Shifts in circadian behaviors, including irregular sleep schedules and increased nighttime exposure to artificial light, have contributed to widespread circadian rhythm disruptions manifested as sleep disorders, social jetlag, and excessive nighttime blue light exposure. Accumulating evidence suggests that circadian rhythm-disrupting behaviors are closely linked to the onset and progression of myopia in children and adolescents, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This paper systematically reviews the associations between circadian rhythm-disrupting behaviors and pediatric and adolescent myopia, as well as the potential pathogenic mechanisms involved. It further summarizes existing myopia intervention strategies targeting circadian behavioral abnormalities. By optimizing circadian behavioral patterns, this review aims to provide novel insights and evidence for the precise prevention and control of childhood and adolescent myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1672-1679"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Survey on serum tetanus antibody levels in children with hematological malignancies post-chemotherapy in Zhejiang Province from 2022 to 2023].","authors":"Y Y Xu, C Ji, H P Shen, M Y Li, X R Che, X C Zhang, J Du, Y Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251020-01007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251020-01007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To dynamically monitor changes in the levels of serum tetanus antibody in children with hematological malignancies before and after chemotherapy, and to evaluate the necessity of re-vaccination with tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccine (TTCVs) post-chemotherapy. A total of 293 children under 15 years old with hematological malignancies hospitalized in the Children's Hospital affiliated with the School of Medicine at Zhejiang University from January 2022 to December 2023 were included as the case group, matched with 293 community-based healthy children of the same age as the control group. The level of tetanus IgG antibody was measured in the case group pre-chemotherapy and 1 month post-chemotherapy, as well as in the control group. The <i>χ</i>² test and <i>t</i>-test were used to compare the differences in the positive rate and geometric mean concentration (GMC) of tetanus IgG antibody among groups. The male-to-female ratios were 1.24∶1 and 1.20∶1, and the mean ages were (6.66±3.66) years and (6.94±3.73) years for the two groups, respectively. The positive rate of tetanus IgG antibody post-chemotherapy (70.99%) was significantly lower than that pre-chemotherapy (84.64%) (<i>χ²</i>=73.10, <i>P</i><0.001), and also significantly lower than that in the control group (84.98%) (<i>χ²</i>=16.72, <i>P</i><0.001). The GMC of tetanus IgG antibody post-chemotherapy (0.73±0.11 IU/ml) was significantly lower than that pre-chemotherapy (1.22±0.17 IU/ml) (<i>t</i>=4.61, <i>P</i><0.001). It was also significantly lower than that of the control group (1.06±0.06 IU/ml) (<i>t</i>=1.98, <i>P</i>=0.048). In conclusion, the level of tetanus IgG antibody in children with tumors 1 month post-chemotherapy decreases compared with that pre-chemotherapy and is lower than that in the healthy population.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1660-1665"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of respiratory syncytial virus infection status and factors associated with severity in hospitalized preterm infants under 5 years of age].","authors":"J Y Feng, S S Li, M Qian, S P Han","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251231-01247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251231-01247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection (RSV-ALRI) in hospitalized preterm infants and to analyze factors associated with severe RSV-ALRI, so as to provide evidence for early identification of high-risk infants and formulation of precise intervention strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling preterm infants under 5 years of age with RSV-ALRI who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at the Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between July 1, 2023, and June 30, 2025. Birth data, clinical information, and pathogen test results were collected. According to the severity criteria specified in the <i>Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children (2019 Edition)</i> and the <i>Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Bronchiolitis in Children (2024 Edition)</i>, combined with the patients' clinical manifestations during hospitalization, the infants were divided into a mild-to-moderate group and a severe group. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with severe RSV-ALRI. A total of 91 subjects were included, among whom infants aged <3 months and 3∼<6 months accounted for 27 (29.67%) and 22 (24.18%), respectively, and 71.43% of cases occurred within the first year of life. RSV-A subtype was detected in 23 cases (25.27%) and RSV-B subtype in 68 cases (74.73%). Co-detection of other pathogens was observed in 79 cases (86.81%), among which <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (30 cases, 32.97%) and cytomegalovirus (27 cases, 29.67%) were the most common. Respiratory symptoms predominated in RSV-ALRI patients, including cough in 90 cases (98.90%), laryngeal rales in 88 cases (96.70%), rhinorrhea in 48 cases (52.75%), wheezing in 47 cases (51.65%), and nasal congestion in 47 cases (51.65%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that onset age <6months was an associated factor for severe RSV-ALRI in preterm infants (<i>OR</i>=34.71, 95%<i>CI</i>: 6.57-183.41, <i>P</i><0.001); higher gestational age at birth was associated with lower likelihood of severe RSV-ALRI (<i>OR</i>=0.75, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.57-1.00, <i>P</i>=0.049).</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1630-1634"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association of beverage consumption patterns with different types of obesity among children and adolescents in Renhuai City, Guizhou Province].","authors":"Y Yang, D Liu, Y Y Yang, J H Wang, L N Xu, Z J Qiao, Y D Hu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20260615-00536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20260615-00536","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate the associations between different beverage consumption patterns and general obesity, abdominal obesity, and their coexistence in children and adolescents, and to analyze the differences across gender, age groups, and residential areas, so as to provide scientific evidence for precise prevention and control of childhood obesity. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Renhuai City, Guizhou Province, involving 11 646 children and adolescents. Principal component analysis was employed to extract beverage consumption patterns. General obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile for age and sex) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥90th percentile for age and sex) were defined according to the Screening for Overweight and Obesity in School-age Children and Adolescents (WS/T 586-2018) and the &lt;i&gt;Screening&lt;/i&gt; Thresholds for High Waist Circumference in Children and Adolescents Aged 7-18 Years (WS/T 611-2018), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between beverage patterns and three types of obesity (general obesity, abdominal obesity, and their coexistence), with subgroup analyses stratified by gender, age group, and residential area. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Among 11 646 children and adolescents, two beverage patterns were extracted, named the carbonated-stimulant-sweetener beverage group and the dairy-juice group. Analysis of population distribution characteristics showed that the carbonated-stimulant-sweetener beverage group had a higher proportion of males &lt;i&gt;(χ&lt;/i&gt;²=32.327, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), adolescents (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²&lt;i&gt;=&lt;/i&gt;110.242, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), boarders (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=18.053, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), and urban residents (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²&lt;i&gt;=&lt;/i&gt;83.999, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). Regarding lifestyle factors, the carbonated-stimulant-sweetener beverage group had a higher proportion of individuals who did not meet the screen time recommendation (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=22.955, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001) and did not meet the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity recommendation (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;²=6.622, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.010). The Food Diversity Score[&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;)] for the carbonated-stimulant-sweetener beverage group was 3(1, 6), while that for the dairy-juice group was 4 (2, 7) (&lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt;=-12.233, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). Sleep duration[&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;)] for the carbonated-stimulant-sweetener beverage group was 8.5 (7.5, 9.3) h/d, whereas for the dairy-juice group it was 8.9 (8.1, 9.5) h/d (&lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt;=-10.505, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). Both the Food Diversity Score and sleep duration were lower in the carbonated-stimulant-sweetener beverage group than in the dairy-juice group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that, using the dairy-juice group as the reference, the carbonated-stimulant-sweetener beverage group was positively associated with general obesity (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.154, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.021-1.304, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.021), abdominal obesity (&lt;i&gt;OR=&lt;/i&gt;1.195, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;:","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1596-1605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances and challenges in the prevention and control of respiratory syncytial virus infection].","authors":"J D Chen, X T Zheng, Y G Li, Z F Li, J W Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251215-01181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251215-01181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a predominant pathogen responsible for acute respiratory tract infections globally. It poses substantial health threats to infants, young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals, constituting a critical public health concern. This article systematically reviews the epidemiological features of RSV, encompassing global epidemic trends, seasonal distribution patterns, genetic diversity of viral subtypes, as well as high-risk populations and associated risk factors, and elaborates on its disease burden across diverse regions and populations. Additionally, it summarizes the current progress and core strategies for RSV prevention and control from three perspectives: vaccine development, the clinical application of antiviral agents and monoclonal antibodies, and non-pharmaceutical interventions. Furthermore, this review analyzes the key challenges constraining effective RSV management, including viral variation and immune escape, the complexity of host immune responses, and the inequitable distribution of global public health resources. On this basis, we propose that a precise, multi-level, and integrated prevention and control system should be established in the future by enhancing epidemiological surveillance systems, optimizing vaccine and drug research and development technologies, strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration, and advancing the equitable allocation of global health resources. The findings of this review provide a reliable reference for fundamental research and public health practice targeting RSV prevention and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1635-1644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association of nutrient patterns with cognitive function among adults aged 55 years and older in four provinces of China].","authors":"Z T Lu, Z R Wang, L X Hao, L S Wang, J G Zhang, H R Jiang, Z H Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251106-01055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251106-01055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the association between nutrient patterns and cognitive function, as well as their dose-response relationship, among adults aged ≥55 years in four provinces (Hebei, Zhejiang, Shaanxi and Hunan) of China. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 4 178 individuals aged ≥55 years who did not have neurological disorders at baseline in the Community Cohort Study on Neurological Disorders (CCSNSD) from 2018 to 2019 were selected as the research subjects. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to extract four nutrient patterns, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) total score and scores in each cognitive domain were used to evaluate cognitive function. The generalized linear regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to analyze the association between scores for four nutrient patterns and cognitive function. <b>Results:</b> The mean age of 4 178 participants was (66.97±7.19) years, with males accounting for 44.6% (1 863). The total score [<i>M</i> (<i>Q</i>₁, <i>Q</i>₃)] of MoCA was 24 (19, 28) points. PCA extracted four nutrient patterns, namely \"Carbohydrate-Thiamine\" pattern, \"Vitamin-Mineral\" pattern, \"Lipid-Vitamin E\" pattern, and \"Cholesterol-Niacin\" pattern, which could explain 83.11% of the total variance. The results of the generalized linear regression model analysis showed that after adjusting for relevant confounding factors, the <i>Q</i>₄ group had a higher total MoCA score compared to the <i>Q</i>₁ group with the \"Vitamin-Mineral\" pattern score (<i>β=</i>1.41, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.94 to 1.88, <i>P</i><0.001). Compared with the <i>Q</i>₁ group with scores in the \"Lipid-Vitamin E\" pattern, the <i>Q</i>₄ group had a lower total MoCA score (<i>β=</i>-0.97, 95%<i>CI</i>:-1.46 to -0.48, <i>P</i><0.001). RCS analysis showed a non-linear positive association between the \"Vitamin-Mineral\" pattern and the total MoCA score (<i>P</i>_non-linear <0.001), while the \"Lipid-Vitamin E\" pattern showed a negative association with the total MoCA score, with no non-linear association observed (<i>P</i>_non-linear=0.364). <b>Conclusion:</b> The nutrient pattern rich in vitamins and minerals is positively associated with cognitive function among older adults in China, while a lipid-related complex nutrient pattern is negatively associated with cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1561-1570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the application of Janus kinase inhibitors for the uncommon pediatric dermatological disorders].","authors":"X Y Yin, B Zhang, L Jin","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251020-01009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251020-01009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have emerged as a research hotspot in pediatric inflammation-mediated autoimmune skin diseases, owing to the ability to target and block the JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway. This article summarizes the mechanism of action and approved indications of JAK inhibitors, and systematically reviews the efficacy and safety data in pediatric uncommon skin diseases such as lichen planus, connective tissue diseases, hidradenitis suppurativa, haploinsufficiency of A20, and chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature syndrome, aiming to provide new options for optimizing therapeutic regimens for those pediatric skin diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1680-1690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Trend analysis of rotavirus diarrhea incidence among children aged 5 years and under in Shanghai City from 2015 to 2023].","authors":"X H Gong, S Lin, F F Tao, H Pan, W J Xiao, Y X Zheng, W B Wang, J Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251018-01001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251018-01001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the temporal trend of reported incidence of rotavirus diarrhea among children aged 5 years and under in Shanghai from 2015 to 2023, and to identify the effects of age, period, and birth cohort. <b>Methods:</b> Confirmed cases of other infectious diarrhea, a legally notifiable Class C infectious disease, reported between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 2023, among residents of Shanghai were selected. Rotavirus-positive cases aged 5 years and under were further identified, and the reported incidence was calculated. A Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was established to assess the independent effects of age, period, and birth cohort on the reported incidence of rotavirus diarrhea, with the year immediately preceding the introduction of the new rotavirus vaccine designated as the reference category for both period and cohort. <b>Results:</b> From 2015 to 2023, the annual reported incidence rate of rotavirus diarrhea among children aged 5 years and under in Shanghai was 89.5/100 000, with rates consistently above 136/100 000 between 2015 and 2018, and below 62/100 000 from 2019 to 2023. The incidence rate in children aged 0 year (140.5/100 000) and 1 year (211.6/100 000) was higher, while the incidence rate in children aged 4-5 years (25.1/100 000) was lower. In the BAPC model, the age effect revealed a decline in incidence risk beyond 1 year. The period effect indicated a significant reduction in incidence risk after 2017-2018 (<i>RR</i>=0.34, 0.67, 0.36). The cohort effect demonstrated that the incidence rate among those born from 2018 to 2021 was significantly lower than that of those born in 2017 (<i>RR</i>=0.80, 0.70, 0.56, 0.48). <b>Conclusion:</b> The reported incidence of rotavirus diarrhea is higher among children under 2 years. The risk of rotavirus diarrhea is significantly lower in birth cohorts from 2018 to 2021 than that in the 2017 to 2018 birth cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1581-1587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress and vaccination strategies of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines for pregnant women].","authors":"M R Xiao, J Li, Y Y Liu, X Y Wang, X X Zhang, M X Lu, D Y Zhao, Y H Guo, Y Y Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251216-01185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251216-01185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a predominant global pathogen responsible for severe lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in infants, especially those aged under six months. To date, no vaccines have been approved for active immunization against RSV in infant populations, leaving monoclonal antibodies as the primary modality for immediate, direct RSV protection. Maternal vaccination during pregnancy has evolved as a critical passive immunization approach, wherein vaccine-elicited maternal antibodies cross the placenta to confer early-life protection on neonates and young infants. This review elaborates on the pathogenesis of RSV infection and the features of host immune responses to RSV, summarizes key advances and remaining bottlenecks in RSV vaccine development, and focuses on evaluating the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the prefusion F protein-based RSV vaccine (RSVpreF) based on latest clinical trial findings and post-marketing surveillance data. Additionally, it compares RSV vaccination guidelines and strategic recommendations issued by major global health authorities, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). This article further discusses persistent challenges and prospective research priorities in this field, covering public awareness of RSV vaccination, global vaccine accessibility, long-term safety profile monitoring, and vaccine applicability in special populations. Collectively, this review aims to provide evidence-based references to guide clinical practice and optimize public health decision-making regarding RSV prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1645-1654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome].","authors":"Y Y Jia, R He, K Y Li, B Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251016-00993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20251016-00993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) syndrome is a rare hereditary vascular disorder encountered in clinical practice. Owing to its complex pathogenesis, heterogeneous clinical manifestations, and challenging diagnostic criteria, CM-AVM syndrome is frequently misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed clinically. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that CM-AVM syndrome is predominantly induced by mutations in the RASA1 and EPHB4 genes. Such genetic aberrations activate the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway, thereby driving the onset and progression of the disease. The primary clinical hallmark of CM-AVM syndrome is widespread multiple cutaneous capillary spots, which are often accompanied by deep-seated arteriovenous malformations that may trigger severe systemic complications. The definitive diagnosis of this syndrome relies on comprehensive integration of clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and genetic testing results. Current therapeutic strategies for CM-AVM syndrome include laser therapy, photodynamic therapy, targeted pharmacotherapy, and interventional surgery. This review systematically summarizes the latest research advances in the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of CM-AVM syndrome, aiming to deepen the clinical understanding of this rare disease and provide evidence-based references for the optimization of individualized treatment regimens in future clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"60 10","pages":"1704-1710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}