中华预防医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Construction and discussion of risk prediction model for allergic asthma in children].","authors":"J Fan, J M Xu, C H Zhu, H Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241014-00812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241014-00812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A prediction model for the risk of childhood allergic asthma was established through the analysis of public datasets. By using bioinformatics analysis methods, two datasets, GSE40732 and GSE40888, were selected, which included the whole-genome expression profile data of 222 children. Among them, GSE40732 was used as the training dataset to detect differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with the disease, and the master regulator analysis (MRA) algorithm was used to screen the master regulator genes in the inflammation-related pathway (GO: 0006954). After obtaining the master regulator genes, the expression of these master regulator genes in the GSE40732 and GSE40888 datasets was detected, and a prediction model was constructed through logistic regression, based on which risk scores were assigned to children. By comparing the risk scores of healthy children and children with the disease, the area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the classification performance of the model. The average value of the risk scores of all children with the disease output by the model was calculated as the threshold. According to this threshold, the children with the disease in the two datasets were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. The CIBERSORT algorithm was applied to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in the high-risk and low-risk groups, and the enrichment analysis of signaling pathways was completed using the msigdbr package in R software. The results showed that compared with healthy children, there were 377 up-regulated genes and 255 down-regulated genes in the peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells of children with the disease. The MRA algorithm analysis showed that there were five genes (<i>MUC5B</i>, <i>CST4</i>, <i>CCR7</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, and <i>THBS1</i>) that were the master regulator genes in the regulatory network. Risk score=<i>MUC5B</i>×3.47<i>+CST4</i>×2.17<i>+CCR7</i>×0.59<i>+TNF</i>-<i>α</i>×0.54<i>+THBS1</i>×1.67. The AUC in the GSE40732 and GSE40888 datasets were 0.874 and 0.682, respectively. Compared with the low-risk group, the resting memory CD4⁺T cells and regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of children with the disease in the high-risk group significantly decreased (<i>P</i><0.05), and both the IL-33 and IL-13 pathways were highly enriched. In conclusion, the model constructed in this study has a good predictive efficiency for the risk of allergic asthma and also has a certain effect on risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"864-871"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological dynamics and spatiotemporal diffusion trend of brucellosis in China from 2010 to 2024].","authors":"Y F Zhang, X L Li, Q Xu, D Mu, Y Shi, X Chen, H J Zhou, T Qin, B Kan, C J Zheng, L Q Fang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250307-00181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250307-00181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the epidemiological dynamics and spatiotemporal diffusion trend of brucellosis in China from 2010 to 2024. <b>Methods:</b> Data on reported human brucellosis cases in mainland China from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2024, were collected via the\"China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention\", including detailed information on the date of onset, gender, age, occupation, and residential address of the cases. The Joinpoint regression and spatial interpolation techniques were used to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics and population distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas and other regions, as well as urban and rural areas, and explore the epidemic trends of the disease. <b>Results:</b> From 2010 to 2024, pastoral/semi-pastoral regions reported 252 094 brucellosis cases, with a mean annual incidence rate of 36.57±7.28 per 100 000. In contrast, other regions cumulatively recorded 519 748 cases during the same period, demonstrating a significantly lower mean annual incidence rate of 2.54±0.74 per 100 000. The incidence rate of human brucellosis in pastoral/semi-pastoral regions exhibited a declining-rebounding-declining trend. Specifically, the incidence rate decreased significantly from 2010 to 2017 (APC=-7.20; <i>P</i><0.001) and increased notably from 2017 to 2021 (APC=18.00; <i>P</i>=0.015) with a decline again from 2021 to 2024 (APC=-7.53; <i>P</i>=0.027). In other regions, the incidence rate showed a fluctuating upward trend. Specifically, the incidence rate increased significantly from 2010 to 2015 (APC=20.37; <i>P</i><0.001) and decreased notably from 2015 to 2018 (APC=-21.78; <i>P</i><0.001), followed by an increase again from 2018 to 2024, a significant upward trend in incidence rate from 2018 to 2021 (APC=26.73; <i>P</i><0.001) and a non-significant decline from 2021 to 2024 (APC=-0.99; <i>P</i>=0.735), resulting in the maintenance of a relatively high incidence level. Rural areas demonstrated significantly higher brucellosis incidence rates than urban settings (all <i>P</i><0.001). Brucellosis exhibited a diffusion trend from the northern epidemic areas of China to neighboring regions, along with sporadic diffusion in southern regions between 2010 and 2024. The age structure of patients in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas differed significantly from that in other regions. Specifically, in pastoral/semi-pastoral areas, the incidence rate was higher among the 35-49 age groups, while in other regions, the incidence rate was higher among those aged 55-64. <b>Conclusion:</b> There are notable disparities in the incidence of human brucellosis between pastoral/semi-pastoral areas and other regions in China. Human brucellosis exhibits a diffusion trend from the northern epidemic areas of China to neighboring regions, along with sporadic diffusion in southern regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"884-891"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on reproductive and sexual behavior-related allergies].","authors":"W Q Tian, Y Zheng, Y D Gao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241216-01014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241216-01014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past few decades, both allergic diseases and infertility have been increased world widely, and the pathogenesis of both is related to changes in the environment and humans' lifestyle. Accordingly, allergies related to reproductive behavior are also increasing. This article reviews several common problems between allergies and reproduction. Firstly, food or drug allergy during sexual behaviors such as kissing and sexual intercourse will be introduced. Then progesterone hypersensitivity and semen plasma allergy, including their definition, epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment strategies, will be elaborated. In addition, post orgasm illness syndrome, a rare condition in male associated with semen hypersensitivity, was briefly summarized. Finally, the impact of assisted reproductive technology application on the risk of allergy in offspring was reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"786-794"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on the effects of krill oil and its active components on adipose tissue function].","authors":"W Tang, X Yin","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250306-00178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250306-00178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the global prevalence of obesity has shown a persistent upward trajectory, including significant increases within China. The compromised functionality of adipose tissue in obese individuals leads to chronic inflammation, dysregulated adipokine secretion, visceral fat accumulation, and insulin resistance, all of which are closely linked to the onset of major chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The implementation of diversified intervention strategies aimed at weight reduction and adipose tissue functional improvement represents an effective paradigm for preventing and managing obesity-related metabolic disorders. Krill oil, an efficacious active ingredient derived from Antarctic krill, is abundant in bioactive compounds such as omega-3 fatty acids and astaxanthin, and exhibits health-promoting properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, lipid metabolism enhancement, and insulin sensitivity improvement effects. This study systematically reviews the impact of krill oil and its active components on adipose tissue function, with the aim of providing more effective lifestyle intervention strategies for the prevention and management of obesity and metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"946-951"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and clinical management of anaphylaxis].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250109-00024","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250109-00024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaphylaxis has shown a steadily rising incidence in recent years, but remains under-reported, under-diagnosed and under-treated in China. To improve the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis, this consensus elaborates on the pathogenesis, triggers, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of anaphylaxis based on previously published evidence-based guidelines and practice parameters. Additionally, it proposes recommendations for the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis specially for Chinese patients. This consensus aims to guide physicians in standardizing the management of anaphylaxis and to provide a framework for the development of new guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 ","pages":"749-765"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application analysis of clinical implementation and educational promotion of allergen testing in the standardization of diagnosis and treatment].","authors":"B Chang, Q Q Lin, Q H Li, J L Tang, W C Lin, W T Luo","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250128-00079","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250128-00079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising prevalence of allergic diseases imposes a significant burden on healthcare resources and socio-economic systems. Allergen testing plays a critical role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic diseases. However, its application in clinical practice still faces numerous challenges. This article reviews the current status of allergen testing in clinical settings and discusses the challenges in managing allergic diseases. Additionally, it provides recommendations for improving medical education on allergen testing and promoting standardized clinical management of allergic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"970-976"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Whole-process, sequential and proactive nutritional management strategies for cow's milk protein allergy in infants and young children].","authors":"Y Xiang, X Q Jia, L Hong","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240612-00463","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240612-00463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the incidence of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants and young children has soared dramatically, posing a formidable challenge to nutritional management. This article thoroughly reviews the domestic and international progress in CMPA research over the past two decades and, in conjunction with clinical practice, proposes a \"comprehensive, sequential, and proactive nutritional intervention strategy\". This strategy, based on conventional CMPA diagnosis and treatment, emphasizes breastfeeding, scientific introduction of complementary foods, food diversification, formula sequencing, and strategies to promote oral immune tolerance. Additionally, it introduces a personalized and precise nutritional management plan tailored to CMPA accompanied by growth retardation, aiming to ensure optimal growth and development, shorten the disease duration, facilitate oral immune tolerance, and improve the quality of life for infants and young children with CMPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"780-785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Safety study on the simultaneous administration of oral pentavalent recombinant rotavirus attenuated live vaccine and other vaccines in Chaoyang District, Beijing City from 2019 to 2021].","authors":"T J Chen, J Zhang, S P Li, L Li, B Jia, J X Ma, Z Zhang, J B He, Y H Bai","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241129-00956","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241129-00956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence rate of suspected adverse events following immunization (AEFI) after single administration of pentavalent recombinant rotavirus attenuated live vaccine (RV5) in Chaoyang District, Beijing City from 2019 to 2021 was 362.3 per 100 000 doses. The incidence rate of AEFI after simultaneous administration with oral polio vaccine (OPV), inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13-valent (PCV13) was 239.3 per 100 000, 643.4 per 100 000, 346.8 per 100 000, 438.1 per 100 000, and 434.0 per 100 000, respectively. The specific incidence rates for common AEFI symptoms such as fever, local allergic rash, irritability, and vomiting under different vaccination regimens were as follows: RV5 alone (fever: 88.3 per 100 000, rash: 9.1 per 100 000, irritability: 100.5 per 100 000, vomiting: 83.3 per 100 000), RV5 and IPV simultaneous administration (fever: 239.4 per 100 000, rash: 104.7 per 100 000, irritability: 134.7 per 100 000, vomiting: 89.8 per 100 000), RV5 and OPV simultaneous administration (fever: 119.6 per 100 000, rash: 32.6 per 100 000, irritability: 32.6 per 100 000, vomiting: 32.6 per 100 000), RV5 and HBV simultaneous administration (fever: 111.0 per 100 000, rash: 69.4 per 100 000, irritability: 83.2 per 100 000, vomiting: 41.6 per 100 000), RV5 and Hib simultaneous administration (fever: 159.3 per 100 000, rash: 238.9 per 100 000, irritability: 0 per 100 000, vomiting: 39.8 per 100 000), and RV5 and PCV13 simultaneous administration (fever: 142.8 per 100 000, rash: 98.0 per 100 000, irritability: 126.0 per 100 000, vomiting: 25.2 per 100 000).</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"942-945"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Interpretation of the diagnostic part of the evidence-based guidelines for food allergy of children in China].","authors":"L Sha, Q L Gu, W Zhou","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241014-00811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241014-00811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of food allergy in children has been increasing globally, resulting in a significant economic burden and seriously impacting the quality of life on children and their families. Domestic clinicians in China face challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric food allergy, with both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis being common issues. Based on current domestic and international guidelines and research evidence, the first evidence-based guideline for pediatric food allergy covering diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention was published in China, and provided recommendations on clinical hot topics. This article interpretated the diagnosis part of this guideline to enhance the understanding of allergists and pediatricians regarding the diagnosis of food allergy and improve the standardization of pediatric food allergy diagnosis and treatment in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"805-813"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Interpretation of the WHO's \"Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence for Health： Guidance on Large Multi-Modal Models\" and its implications for China].","authors":"Y Yang, Y U Cui, Y T Wang, P Xue, X M Zhai, Y L Qiao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240709-00548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240709-00548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid advancement and iterative development of new artificial intelligence technologies, there remains a regulatory vacuum in corresponding governance measures among governments worldwide. Simultaneously, a technological and governance gap exists between developing countries and developed economies. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) has released \"Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence for Health: Guidance on Large Multi-Modal Models\" to assist governments in strengthening governance capabilities in this field. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the Guidance, aiming to identify challenges and risks associated with the application of multimodal large models in healthcare. Guided by ethical principles for advancing health through artificial intelligence, the paper examines the three-tier governance framework and recommendations outlined in the Guidance. Additionally, it evaluates the current state of AI governance in China, offering insights and reference points for improving AI governance in China's healthcare sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 6","pages":"960-969"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}