中华预防医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Genetic diversity analysis of oxacillinase in 241 clinical isolates of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>].","authors":"Y L Li, J Y Zhang, Y B Fu, M Q Sun, B B Miao, X Y Gong, X Han, H Xing, P F Gao, J C Li, Y T Tang, X Y Fan, Y L Ge, H J Zhou, J Li, A Y Dong","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240920-00756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240920-00756","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To analyze the carriage status, subtype distribution and flanking gene sequence characteristics of oxacillinases (OXA enzyme) in 241 clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and assess their roles in the drug resistance of &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; and ability to horizontally transfer across species. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Clinical &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; isolates were collected from four hospitals in Sanya, Tangshan, Zhangjiakou, and Beijing. The prevalence of oxacillinases and their flanking gene sequences was analyzed by whole-genome sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatic approaches. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 241 isolates of &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; were gathered, and 35 &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA&lt;/sub&gt; subtypes were identified through screening of 252 &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA&lt;/sub&gt; genes. These genes were classified into three subfamilies: &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-50-like&lt;/sub&gt; (241, 95.6%), &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1-like&lt;/sub&gt; (9, 3.6%) and &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-10-like&lt;/sub&gt; (2, 0.8%). Among these, 11 subtypes (11, 31.4%) were novel &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA&lt;/sub&gt; subtypes. Nine of these belonged to the &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-50-like&lt;/sub&gt; subfamily and were designated as &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1244&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1245&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1246&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1250&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1252&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1253&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1254&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1255&lt;/sub&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1256&lt;/sub&gt;. The remaining two belonged to the &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-10-like&lt;/sub&gt; subfamily and were named &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1247&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1248&lt;/sub&gt;. Compared to the amino acid sequence of OXA-10, the newly identified subtype OXA-1247 exhibited a mutation at position 117, where a valine was replaced by a leucine. This change was thought to improve the enzyme's ability to hydrolyze carbapenems. In the analysis of the flanking sequences of the &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA&lt;/sub&gt; genes, Class I integrons were identified in four bacterial strains. The variable regions of these integrons carried three distinct patterns of resistance gene cassettes: &lt;i&gt;aac&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i&gt;6'&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;i&gt;-Ib-bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1247&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;-ant&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i&gt;3''&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;i&gt;-Ia&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;aac&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i&gt;6'&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;i&gt;-Ib-bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1248&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;aac&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i&gt;6'&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;i&gt;-Ib&lt;/i&gt;-&lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;IMP-45&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;-bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA-1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;-catB3&lt;/i&gt;. Among these, the strain BJ2326 carried a class I integron that was connected to the downstream IS&lt;i&gt;CR1&lt;/i&gt; element to form a composite class I integron structure, additionally carrying the resistance gene &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;PER-1&lt;/sub&gt;. Out of the 223 non-wild-type &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; strains, 127 strains exhibited non-wild-type profiles to the four beta-lactam antibiotics MEM, CAZ, FEP, and TZP, with the combination of MEM+CAZ+FEP being the most prevalent, representing 57.0% of the total. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA&lt;/sub&gt; genes in 241 clinical &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; strains showed diversity. Some &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OXA&lt;/sub&gt; genes h","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1004-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between serum indirect bilirubin levels and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and elderly women with type 2 diabetes].","authors":"Q X Chi, Z F Wu, Y L Cui, Y X Wang, Y L Yu, F G Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250117-00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250117-00052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to research the relationship between arterial stiffness and serum indirect bilirub in levels(IBIL)in patients with type 2 diabetes by measuring brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The clinical data of 1 327 patients with T2DM admitted to Qingdao Huangdao District People's Hospital from July 1st, 2018 to March 1st, 2024 were retrospectively and cross-sectionally analyzed (609 men and 718 women; age range, 45.3-79.5 years; median age, 60.3 years; mean age, 61.4 years). The subjects were stratified based on gender-specific quartiles of IBIL values(male, Q1:<6.7 μmol/L, Q2:6.7-8.9 μmol/L, Q3:8.9-12.3 μmol/L, Q4:≥12.3 μmol/L;female, Q1:<6.4 μmol/L, Q2:6.4-7.9 μmol/L, Q3:7.9-10.4 μmol/L, Q4:≥10.4 μmol/L), and a high baPWV was defined as greater than 18.37 m/s (75th percentile). The results showed that the serum IBIL concentration was negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes (<i>r=</i>-0.142, <i>P</i>=0.010), the SBP (<i>r=</i>-0.158, <i>P</i>=0.005) and the baPWV (<i>r=</i>-0.194, <i>P</i><0.001) in women and was positively correlated with TC (men: <i>r=</i>0.282, <i>P</i><0.001; women: <i>r=</i>0.237, <i>P</i><0.001), HDL-C (men: <i>r=</i>0.171, <i>P</i>=0.011; women: <i>r=</i>0.287, <i>P</i><0.001) and LDL-C (men: <i>r=</i>0.196, <i>P</i>=0.009; women: <i>r=</i>0.233, <i>P</i><0.001) levels in both genders. Dividing IBIL levels into quartiles, there were significant statistical differences in the incidence of high baPWV among different subgroups of female patients (<i>χ²</i>=36.468,<i>P</i><0.001), and the incidence of high baPWV showed a decreasing trend with increasing IBIL levels. After adjusting for confounding factors, the IB levels were inversely associated with a greater risk of a high baPWV both as a continuous variable [a 1-SD difference; odds ratio (<i>OR</i>):0.836; 95% confidence interval (<i>CI</i>):0.774-0.942; <i>P</i>=0.009] and when categorized in quartiles (the highest <i>vs.</i> the lowest quartile; <i>OR</i>:0.381; 95%<i>CI</i>:0.162-0.897; <i>P</i>=0.025) in women but not in men. Low IBIL levels were significantly associated with arterial stiffness in middle-aged and elderly women with type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, the serum IBIL levels were independent protective factors for macrovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly diabetic women.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1097-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The clinical research of IFNGR1 proximal promoter polymorphism in susceptibility and prognosis of breast cancer].","authors":"X P Liu, H Zhou, Y Y Dong, Z Zhang, M X Zhu, Q Zhu, G Zhou, C G Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250107-00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250107-00017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the association between a proximal promoter polymorphism of IFNGR1 (interferon-γ receptor α chain, IFNGR-α) and breast cancer susceptibility, as well as the prognostic value of its expression variation in breast cancer patients. A case-control study was conducted at the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2022. The study included 182 pathologically confirmed breast cancer patients as the breast cancer group, 177 non-tumor patients with benign breast lesions as the benign breast lesions group, and 229 healthy individuals as the normal control group. 2-3 ml EDTA anticoagulant whole blood samples were collected from all participants, and genomic DNA was extracted and stored for further analysis. Basic patient information was retrieved from the hospital's electronic medical records by patients' ID number. The proximal promoter sequence of IFNGR1 was obtained from NCBI, and sequencing primers were designed using Primer Premier 6.0. Sanger sequencing was employed to analyze the IFNGR1 promoter sequence in the three groups, and the results were compared with the Eukaryotic Promoter Database (EPD) sequence using Bioedit software. Statistical analysis was performed on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFNGR1 promoter. The TCGA database was utilized to assess the relationship between IFNGR1 expression levels and breast cancer patient survival. The findings revealed that the -56 TG genotype of the IFNGR1 promoter was significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk (<i>Z</i>=2.73, <i>P</i><0.05). Notably, IFNGR1 expression was lower in breast cancer group compared to normal control group (<i>P</i><0.05). Analysis of the TCGA database indicated that patients with high IFNGR1 expression had longer survival times than those with low expression (<i>HR</i>=0.87, 95%<i>CI</i>:0.77-0.98,<i>P</i><0.05). In summary, the IFNGR1 -56 TG genotype is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, and there is a positive correlation between IFNGR1 expression levels and the survival of breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1103-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Minutes of the vaccine implementation seminar series held in Yantai City].","authors":"W Y Zhang, X H Pang, A Q Xu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250506-00387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250506-00387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Toxic effects of chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants on mice via different exposure routes].","authors":"J L Zhu, M Y Zhou, H H Zhu, R Y Tian, D H Ren, H P Liu, X Y Jiang, L F Xu, Y Lu, H Y Chu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250402-00277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250402-00277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the effects of chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (Cl-OPFRs) via respiratory and digestive tract exposure on multiple organs in mice. <b>Methods:</b> A short-term repeated exposure model of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tris(1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) in mice was established through intratracheal instillation and oral gavage administration. The exposure doses were 0.7, 1 and 2 mg·kg^-1·day^-1, respectively, with continuous administration for 14 days. The organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, bladder and testis were collected and weighed to calculate the organ coefficients. The pathological and histological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining to quantitatively assess the effects of the three Cl-OPFRs on the various organs by using the pathology score. <b>Results:</b> Analysis of organ coefficients in tracheal drip-treated mice showed that the organ coefficients in the testes of the TCEP, TCIPP and TDCIPP groups were lower than those in the control group (<i>P</i>_TCEP-testis=0.045, <i>P</i>_TCIPP-testis=0.012 and <i>P</i>_{TDCIPP-testis}<0.001). The organ coefficients were lower in the lungs and small intestines of the TCEP group (<i>P</i>_TCEP-lung=0.006, <i>P</i>_{TCEP-small intestine}=0.042). The organ coefficients for the stomach and large intestine were higher in the TDCIPP group (<i>P</i>_{TDCIPP-stomach}=0.014, <i>P</i>_{TDCIPP-large intestine}=0.049). Analyses of gavage-contaminated mice showed that the organ coefficients for liver, stomach and small intestine in the TCEP and TDCIPP groups were higher than those in the control group (<i>P</i>_TCEP-liver=0.007, <i>P</i>_TCEP-stomach=0.003, <i>P</i>_{TCEP-small intestine}<0.001, <i>P</i>_TDCIPP-liver=0.001, <i>P</i>_{TDCIPP-stomach}=0.004, and <i>P</i>_{TDCIPP-small intestine}<0.001). Histopathological analyses of the organs of tracheal drip dyed mice showed significant pathological damage in the lung tissue of the TCIPP group, mainly in the form of thickening of the interstitium, infiltration of inflammatory cells and alveolar collapse. The results of the analysis of gavage poisoned mice showed that TCIPP exposure could lead to blurring of the red and white medullary boundaries of spleen tissues, destruction of white medullary structures, etc., and induce small intestinal cryptitis. TDCIPP induced significant pathological damage to the liver tissues of mice, which mainly included cytoplasmic washout, infiltration of inflammatory cells, acute inflammation, and other injurious effects. Significant pathological damage to the intestinal tissues of mice was also observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study demonstrates that the toxic effects of Cl-OPFRs are significantly associated ","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1031-1039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the correlation between blood lipid levels and cognitive dysfunction in elderly people aged 65 and above].","authors":"J P Huang, Y Z Fu, Y J Pan, Y R Hu, J Q Zhang, X Y Du","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250402-00279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250402-00279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>his cross-sectional study employed convenience sampling to enroll 1 994 community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65 years) undergoing health examinations at a Guangzhou community hospital between January and December 2024, aiming to investigate associations between blood lipid profiles and cognitive impairment. Cognitive function was assessed using the AD8 scale, with demographic characteristics (age, sex, education, occupation), health status (hypertension, diabetes mellitus), and lifestyle factors (smoking/alcohol use) collected via questionnaires. Fasting blood samples quantified triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Propensity score matching (PSM) balanced baseline characteristics between lipid-level groups. Pre-PSM analyses revealed significant intergroup differences: TG groups differed in sex, BMI, alcohol use, hypertension, and self-rated health (<i>P</i><0.05); TC groups in sex, age, occupation, diabetes, and hypertension; LDL-C groups in sex, age, occupation, diabetes, hypertension, and daily living ability; HDL-C groups in sex, age, education, occupation, BMI, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. Post-PSM adjustment eliminated baseline differences (<i>P</i>>0.05). Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors demonstrated that elevated TG levels conferred a 48% reduced risk of cognitive dysfunction [<i>OR</i> (95%<i>CI</i>): 0.52 (0.29-0.94)], whereas TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C showed no significant associations (all <i>P</i>>0.05). These findings suggest an inverse association between higher triglyceride levels and cognitive dysfunction risk in older adults, highlighting TG's potential protective role in cognitive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1084-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Progress in applications of three-arm clinical trials in vaccine evaluation].","authors":"F Wen, Y Liu, L Huang, J X Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240722-00589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240722-00589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A three-arm clinical trial design incorporates three comparative groups: an experimental group, a positive-control group, and a placebo-control group. In vaccine trials, this design enables dual comparisons: evaluating the experimental vaccine's absolute immunogenicity against placebo through superiority testing while assessing immunogenicity and safety advantages of the positive-control vaccine via equivalence or non-inferiority analyses. Recent applications of this design have expanded to clinical trials for influenza, varicella, typhoid, zoster, and other vaccine-preventable diseases. This study systematically examines key design elements of three-arm trials in vaccine research, interprets their implementation through case studies, and evaluates the methodological strengths and limitations, aiming to optimize the application of this design in future vaccine clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1148-1155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the willingness and related factors of pregnant women in Shanghai City to receive influenza vaccines during pregnancy].","authors":"F Huang, J Qiu, Z Li, J Li, Y T Liao, Z Y Huang, X Guo, X D Sun","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241111-00890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241111-00890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the willingness and related factors of pregnant women in Shanghai City to receive influenza vaccines during pregnancy. <b>Methods:</b> An online questionnaire survey was conducted among pregnant women who registered in maternal and child health hospitals in 16 districts of Shanghai. The basic information, health status during pregnancy, attitude towards influenza vaccination, and knowledge of influenza and influenza vaccine were collected, and <i>χ</i>² test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the willingness and related factors of pregnant women to receive influenza vaccines during pregnancy. <b>Results:</b> A total of 3 219 valid questionnaires were received, with 10.90% of pregnant women willing to receive influenza vaccination during pregnancy, 57.50% unwilling to receive vaccination and 31.59% holding an uncertain attitude. Among the pregnant women who were willing to receive the vaccine, 82.91% would take the initiative to know the relevant information about the influenza vaccine, and 87.18% understood the transmission routes of the flu. 32.09% believed that pregnant women could receive the influenza vaccination at any stage of pregnancy. Among those who were unwilling and held an uncertain attitude, the proportions of the above three questions were 47.06%, 83.95% and 17.80%, respectively. Among pregnant women who were unwilling to receive vaccination and held an uncertain attitude, the main reason for their vaccine hesitation was the concern about the safety of the vaccine for pregnant women and fetuses during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pregnant women with higher education (<i>OR</i>=3.278, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.678-6.406, <i>P</i>=0.001), second trimester (<i>OR</i>=1.542, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.159-2.054, <i>P</i>=0.003), third pregnancy (<i>OR</i>=2.318, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.008-5.331, <i>P</i>=0.048), and previous influenza vaccination (<i>OR</i>=1.552, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.119-2.152, <i>P</i>=0.008) had a higher willingness to receive influenza vaccines during pregnancy. <b>Conclusion:</b> Pregnant women in Shanghai have a relatively low willingness to receive influenza vaccines during pregnancy, mainly due to concerns about vaccine safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1047-1053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Seminar on etiological detection of respiratory tract infections and its clinical application was held in Beijing City].","authors":"W Xu, Z W Zhang, K Han","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250409-00296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250409-00296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impact of six lipid parameters on cognitive impairment in the elderly Chinese population: a prospective cohort study].","authors":"Y Z Yan, K Y Huang, Y Y Zhang, Y J Pei, F C Liu, S F Chen, J X Li, J Cao, C Shen, J F Huang, D S Hu, D F Gu, X F Lu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250401-00269","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250401-00269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the relationship between lipid levels and cognitive impairment in the elderly Chinese population using prospective cohort data. <b>Methods:</b> Based on the China-PAR (Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China) cohort, this study included 24 380 individuals aged ≥60 years who participated in the cognitive function follow-up survey from 2018 to 2019. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), with cognitive impairment defined according to different educational levels: MMSE ≤17 for illiterate individuals, MMSE ≤20 for those with primary education and MMSE ≤24 for those with secondary education or above. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression models were employed to examine the associations between six baseline lipid indicators and cognitive scores, as well as cognitive impairment. Additionally, restricted cubic splines were used to explore the exposure-dose relationship between lipid levels and cognitive function. <b>Results:</b> The study population had a median follow-up time of 11.6 years, with a baseline age of (59.7±6.8) years. Among the participants, 9 510 (39.0%) were males, and the mean MMSE score was 24.7±6.8. A total of 3 887 individuals (15.9%) were identified as cognitively impaired. The results of multivariable linear regression and logistic regression indicated that total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels were not only significantly positively associated with cognitive scores but also significantly associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment. Each 1 mmol/L increase in these lipid levels corresponded to <i>β</i> values (95%<i>CI</i>) of 0.267 (0.173-0.361), 0.385(0.271-0.499) and 0.331(0.231-0.431), respectively. Each 1 mmol/L increase in these lipid levels corresponded to odds ratio (<i>OR</i>) (95%<i>CI</i>) values of 0.915 (0.876-0.956), 0.875 (0.830-0.923) and 0.886 (0.848-0.927), respectively. The dose-response curve demonstrated that the negative association was primarily observed within the guideline-recommended optimal lipid level range. Specifically, when LDL-C was less than 3.4 mmol/L and non-HDL-C was less than 4.1 mmol/L, the corresponding <i>OR</i> (95%<i>CI</i>) values were 0.859 (0.796-0.926) and 0.876 (0.818-0.939). <b>Conclusion:</b> Lipid levels exhibit a certain linear negative association with cognitive impairment in elderly Chinese adults, with LDL-C and non-HDL-C demonstrating a stronger effect, particularly within the guideline-recommended optimal range.</p>","PeriodicalId":24033,"journal":{"name":"中华预防医学杂志","volume":"59 7","pages":"1069-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}