{"title":"An Acoustic Phase Shift Technique for the Non-Invasive Measurement of Temperature Changes in Tissues","authors":"B. Davis, P. P. Lele","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198648","url":null,"abstract":"An acoustic phase shift technique for non-invasive measurement of temperature changes in tissues is described, The technique uses a tone burst to monitor acoustic phase shifts which are correlated with temperature changes from the temperature dependence of the acoustic propagation velocity. The stability and accuracy of the system are discussed. Results o f i n-vitro experiments in beef and in-vivo experiments o n a renal adenocarcinoma I mplanted subcutaneously in a rat during local hyperthermia by scanned focused ultrasound are described. A high correlation between the change in acoustic propagation velocity and the peak measured temperature is reported. Ektension of the technique to clinical use is discussed.","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"09 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127199391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FDA Regulation of Diagnostic Ultrasound","authors":"G. Myers","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198591","url":null,"abstract":"The Food and Drug Administration has recently issued testing guidelines for ultrasonic diagnostic devices. Much test data defining the peak ultrasonic intensities in situ must now be included with 510(k) submissions, and measurements must be made with hydrophones. The guidelines present specific values of intensities for different applications; if the intensities of a new submission are lower than these values, in general the device is accepted.","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124068311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustic Beam Steering by an Interdigital Transducer for Wideband Bulk Wave Acoustooptic Deflectors","authors":"L. Palmieri, G. Socino, E. Verona","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198532","url":null,"abstract":"An interdigital transducer method has been exploited for generating and s teer ing t h e acoustic beam on a LiNbOj bulk wave acoustooptic Eragg cell. The interdigital transducer, deposited on t h e x sur face of a ILiNbO crys ta l , is e f f ec t ive in generating longitudinal waves with the wavevector lying in the xz plane. The acous t ic radiation pa t te rn consists of two main lobes whose directions depend on the acous t ic frequency and l ie a t angles located almost symmetrically about t he x axis. The acoustooptic in te rac t ion geometry is such t h a t one of the s teered acoustic beams t racks the Bragg angle and reduces the momentum mismatch over a wide range of frequencies. Results a r e repor ted re la t ive t o two LiNbO cells operating in the frequency range 1.4 2.1 GHz and 1.05-2.0 GHz, with a d i f f raction efficiency of approximately 2% per Wat t of acous t i c power. 3 .","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117350565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurements of the Complex Impulse Response of Two-Port SAW Resonators","authors":"Patrick M. Smith, C. Campbell, P. Edmonson","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198515","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements are reported on the impulse response of two-port SAW resonators, concerning the non-classical decay of their impulse response envelopes. Network analyzer frequency response data on 90 MHz and 674 MHz SAWR's were used with 401 point inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) software to calculate these patterns. As well, impulse responses were directly obtained using a 1 GHz sampling scope. on the impulse response envelope is explained in terms of (a) power loss per transit through an effective cavity length Lce, (b) the qroup delay 1: With this technique, time-gated IDFT responses can also be applied to S- frequency response data, to obtain a measure of #e frequency response of the SAW grating r eflectors. The observed periodic ripple","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127341578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel Instrument for the Control of a Phased Array for NDE","authors":"M. A. Campbell, A. McNab","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198663","url":null,"abstract":"A low cost instrument to control a phased array for NDE is described. It uses a monolithic array fabricated on a PZT substrate and designed for the contact testing of steel at 5 MHz. A microprocessor, an IBM FC, controls the system for both the firing of the array elements and the subsequent processing of received data prior to its display. A CCD delay line is used in a novel manner to acquire the data by the application of a type of quadrature sampling, providing an effective sampling frequency of 50 MHz. Factors influencing the design of the array are described with experimental results being presented.","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117068167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Range-Doppler Flowmeter for Imaging of Blood Velocity Profiles in Arteries","authors":"P. Tortoli, F. Andreuccetti, G. Manes, C. Atzeni","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198655","url":null,"abstract":"Range-Doppler detection in a pulsed ultrasound flowmeter has been performed using a SAW-CZT spectrum analyzer, providing adequate speed for realtime sequential Doppler analysis in a large number of range cells. In vitro experiments using a prototype 32 range cell system, first presented at the 1983 Symposium, demonstrated the capability of providing the instantaneous flow velocity profiles across a vessel. Recent work is reported, directed to make the system clinically experimentable in vivo. Impressive real-time images of blood flow profiles in fimjor human vessels have been obtained. D oppler signal output at 3 MHz rate from the SAW-CZT spectrum analyzer has been digitally processed to extract the mean velocity for each range cell. A microprocessor has been used to estimate the dynamic evolution of blood flow in detail.","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131260301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Situ Analysis and Optimization of SAW Filters","authors":"R. Cohn, R. Wagers","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198482","url":null,"abstract":"The sensitivity of a filter on (YZ) LiNbO3 to in situ perturbations of interdigitated transducer apodization is determined experimentally. From this data an optimal apodization is derived which reduces the filter sidelobe level. Results are shown in which a filter with a single apodized IDT is compensated to reduce sidelobes from -26 to -39 dB. For a filter with two apodized IDTs sidelobes have been reduced from -52 dB to -70 dB.","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132893603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Propagation Characteristics of Surface Waves in Quartz and Their Influence on Device Performance","authors":"B. Sinha","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198507","url":null,"abstract":"Of major importance in the design of Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) delay lines or resonators for high precision applications is the selection of crystalline orientation and direction of propagation of surface waves in quartz. A proper selection of the orientation and propagation direction of surface waves in quartz depends upon various propagation characteristics, such as surface wave velocity, electromechanical coupling factor, power flow angle, surface wave attenuation in vacuum and in presence of gaseous loading, diffraction and beam steering losses, temperature and stress dependences of surface wave velocity (or phase delay). Both static and dynamic temperature induced effects are of importance. In addition, various types of stress distributions in the resonator volume which can affect the device performance include intrinsic and thermal stresses in electrode films, bonding and mounting stresses and externally applied acceleration (or vibration) induced stresses in the crystal substrate. While most of the wave propagation characteristics are determined by solving linear equations of motion and are well understood, temperature and stress induced effects on the surface wave propagation are studied from the solution of equations of motion for small dynamic fields superposed on a bias and important advances in our understanding are currently being made. A review will be presented of the recently obtained results and comparison of propagation characteristics of several orientations with the standard ST-cut will be made. It will be shown that there are compelling evidences to infer that some of these singly and doubly rotated orientations will lead to improved performance of SAW devices, albeit, will require tighter tolerance on the orientation angles than we are used to with the widely used ST-cut.","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128156624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interaction of High-Coupling Leaky SAW with Bulk Waves Under Metallic-Grating Structure on 36° YX-LiTaO3","authors":"K. Hashimoto, M. Yamaguchi, H. Kogo","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198470","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with leaky SAW (LSAW) propagating under metallic-grating structure on 36OYX-LiTa03, and its interaction with bulk waves. Theoretical analysis has shown that the attenuation of LSAW unusually changes with frequency about the stopband of the grating: the attenuation is negligibly small at frequencies lower than the stopband, whereas it rapidly increases when the frequencies are raised above the stopband, and takes a maximum value of about O.ldB per wavelength. This suggests that the attenuation is mainly attributed to the interaction of LSAW with highly piezoelectric fastshear waves. As to the velocity dispersion, the effect of the metallic-grating upon LSAW is qualitatively similar to that on conventional SAW. Experimental result using an open-circuited metallicgrating was in good agreement with the theoretical prediction. However, the agreement was rather poor for a short-circuited metallic-grating. This may be due to the fact that in the short-circuited grating, the effects of mass loading and electrical perturbation upon LSAW propagation cancel each other.","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128412959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Current State of the Art of Miniature L/C Filters","authors":"B. Malcolm","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1985.198474","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240321,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128437591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}