Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko最新文献

{"title":"[Complexity index of microsurgical treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms].","authors":"F V Grebenev, Sh Sh Eliava, An N Konovalov, G V Danilov, Yu V Pilipenko, A S Kheyreddin, O B Belousova, D N Okishev, D E Semenov, G Sh Mamedbekova, Yu V Koledova","doi":"10.17116/neiro20258903128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/neiro20258903128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background. Although the concepts of «complex aneurysm» and «technically complex aneurysm» are widely used at present, there is no generally accepted definition. Moreover, the criteria are often subjective. Depending on the parameters included, complex aneurysms comprise 5-9.7% of all patients with cerebral aneurysms [1, 2]. Complex aneurysms have higher risk of complications, whose accurate assessment is difficult. In case of unruptured aneurysms, analysis of this risk is of particular importance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop the microsurgical complexity index in the treatment of unruptured aneurysms for objective assessment of complexity of microsurgical treatment and prediction of complications.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 850 patients with a single unruptured aneurysm who underwent microsurgical treatment. Postoperative outcomes and incidence of various complications were analyzed depending on anatomical and morphological characteristics of aneurysm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed the microsurgical complexity index for the treatment of unruptured aneurysms and appropriate web application (www.isam.rf). Patients with severe neurological disorders at discharge comprised 2.5%, and mortality rate was 0.47%. New neurological deficit after surgery occurred in 9.3% of cases. Moderate and severe in-hospital complications occurred in 8.6% of cases. Non-radical exclusion of aneurysm was observed in 4.1% of cases. In case of complexity index «0», the incidence of various complications was lower compared to the group as a whole by 1.8-5.7%, index «1» - by 0.1-2.7%, index «2». The incidence of in-hospital complications Clavien-Dindo grade III-V was lower by 0.3%. The incidence of functional status mRS score 4-6 did not differ from the group as a whole, and the incidence of other complications was higher by 0.9-3.6%. In case of complexity index «3», the incidence of all complications was higher by 0.6-12.8%, index «4» - by 10.8-22.6%, index «5-6» - by 3.9-22.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Original index may be valuable for more objective assessment of the risks of microsurgical treatment of aneurysms depending on anatomical and morphological characteristics and stratification of aneurysms according to their complexity. Aneurysms with index ≥3 may be classified as a group of complex aneurysms.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 3","pages":"28-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in surgery for spinal intramedullary tumors].","authors":"M O Kudymets, N A Konovalov, S V Kaprovoy, R A Onoprienko, A B Kozlova, Yu M Poluektov, N I Bychkovskii","doi":"10.17116/neiro202589031108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/neiro202589031108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite modern advances in neurosurgery, treatment of intramedullary spinal cord tumors is still associated with postoperative neurological impairment and high incidence of adverse outcomes. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring allows real-time functional assessment of spinal cord conduction pathways and accurate tumor resection. Currently, concomitant monitoring of somatosensory and motor evoked potentials, as well as D-wave is the most common. This excludes damage to both sensory and motor pathways. In modern literature, there are some differences in methods of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, such as sensitivity and specificity of the method, criteria of «alarm» during surgical treatment of intramedullary tumors and correlation of neurophysiological monitoring parameters with postoperative neurological status of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 3","pages":"108-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Perioperative complications in surgery for craniosynostosis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis].","authors":"B A Bashiryan, L A Satanin, O A Gadzhieva, G V Danilov, Yu V Strunina, I K Kokaeva, V A Tere","doi":"10.17116/neiro202589031114","DOIUrl":"10.17116/neiro202589031114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the structure, incidence and risk factors of perioperative complications in children with craniosynostosis (CS).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A systematic searching of data was performed for analysis of perioperative complications and adverse events following surgical correction of CS in patients younger 24 months.</p><p><strong>Results. a: </strong>Systematic review included 33 manuscripts. The overall incidence of complications and adverse events was 9.8%. In patients after endoscopic surgeries, this rate was 7.2%, whereas open reconstructive surgeries were followed by 13.5% morbidity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most common surgical complications in pediatric craniosynostosis surgery were intraoperative blood loss requiring transfusion (35.7%), dural tears (3.8%), cerebrospinal fluid leaks (0.7%), hematomas (1.6%), and surgical site infections (1.6%). Non-surgical complications included non-surgical infections (1.1%), respiratory (1.2%) and neurological disturbances (0.5%). Fever (3.4%) is an undesirable phenomenon and can aggravate postoperative period after surgery for CS.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 3","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The use of radiosurgery in the treatment of patients with single brain metastasis].","authors":"M Yu Ostapenko, V A Lukshin, D Yu Usachev, A V Golanov, E R Vetlova, G L Kobyakov","doi":"10.17116/neiro2025890216","DOIUrl":"10.17116/neiro2025890216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain metastases occur in approximately 20% of all cancer patients. Stereotactic radiosurgery alone and in combination with surgical resection is one of the approaches to treating patients with brain metastases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of stereotactic radiosurgery regarding local control, overall survival and complications; to compare stereotactic radiosurgery alone and preoperative stereotactic radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective study included 85 patients with single brain metastasis. The first group comprised 45 patients who underwent stereotactic radiosurgery, while the second group included 40 patients who underwent preoperative stereotactic radiotherapy and subsequent surgical treatment. Mean age was 59 and 56 years (<i>p</i>=0.2), radiation volume - 4.4 and 15.9 cm³, respectively (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Local growth control after preoperative stereotactic radiotherapy followed by resection was 100%, 97.5%, and 87.5% after 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. After stereotactic radiotherapy alone, these values were 100%, 95.6% and 88.9%, respectively (<i>p</i>=0.4). One-year survival was 87.5% after preoperative radiotherapy and 64.4% after stereotactic radiosurgery alone (<i>p</i><0.05). Among 85 patients, 16 (18.8%) ones had long-term surgical and post-radiation complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stereotactic radiotherapy alone is effective. However, there are limitations in tumor size (up to 2.5 cm) and volume (9.5 cm³). Preoperative stereotactic radiotherapy followed by surgical resection is advisable for larger tumors (up to 4.5 cm and 18.9 cm³) with high rates of overall survival and local growth control.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 2","pages":"6-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: case report and systematic review].","authors":"Yu M Poluektov, N A Konovalov, M V Ryzhova, N I Bychkovskii, N V Lasunin, B A Zakirov, D S Kim","doi":"10.17116/neiro20258902183","DOIUrl":"10.17116/neiro20258902183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2021, a new type of tumor was defined according to the new WHO classification (high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features<b>,</b> HGAP). Morphological and neuroimaging differences of HGAP from pilocytic astrocytoma complicate diagnosis. Now, significant detection of this tumor is possible only using molecular genetic testing, in particular, methylation profile analysis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present a patient with HGAP and perform a systematic review of studies devoted to adults with HGAP regarding clinical course, diagnosis, protocols and treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Selection of studies was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. The authors analyzed the studies independently of each other. All data were systematized. A case report was described jointly with attending physicians and pathologists.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>HGAP is characterized by rapid progression and resistance to therapy. This case illustrates the importance of awareness of neurosurgeons and necessitates molecular genetic tests to identify this group of tumors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HGAP is a rare and aggressive tumor. Treatment algorithm for such patients has not yet been developed. The world experience of treatment is presented by individual series. Analysis of methylation profile is necessary for patients with atypical course of tumors similar to pilocytic astrocytoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 2","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Liquid biopsy for detection of H3K27m and BRAF V600E mutations in patients with diffuse brainstem tumors].","authors":"A V Gavryushin, L I Papusha, A A Veselkov, M A Zaitseva, E A Khukhlaeva, A N Konovalov, A E Druy","doi":"10.17116/neiro20258901111","DOIUrl":"10.17116/neiro20258901111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the progress in understanding the pathogenesis of diffuse brainstem tumors, treatment of these neoplasms is usually empirical and conducted without morphological and molecular verification. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive technique providing data on tumor biology without standard biopsy. This method is based on analysis of cell-free nucleic acids (predominantly, extracellular DNA) in biological fluids with detection of specific mutations. Despite wide implementation in diagnosis and disease monitoring in extracranial malignancies, it is infrequently applied in neuro-oncology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate diagnostic value of liquid biopsy in detecting H3K27 and BRAF V600E mutations in patients with diffuse brainstem tumors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Lumbar puncture with cerebrospinal fluid sampling was performed in 16 patients (5 children and 11 adults) with diffuse brainstem tumors verified by neuroimaging data. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) was used in digital droplet PCR for determination of <i>H3F3A</i> K28M and <i>BRAF</i> V600E oncogenic missense variants. In 14 patients, investigation of cfDNA was performed in parallel with analysis of correspondent mutations in DNA derived from tumor tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None patient had <i>BRAF</i> V600E mutation. <i>H3F3A</i> K28M variant was detected in 5 CSF samples and 6 tumor specimens from patients who underwent surgical biopsy. Thus, overall sensitivity of the method in determination of <i>H3F3A</i> K28M variant was 92.9% (13/14).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Liquid biopsy is highly informative for identifying the specific mutation H3F3A K28M and often verifies diffuse brainstem glioma without standard biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[History of the Development of the Department of Neurosurgery of the Russian Medical Academy of Medical Sciences (to the 90th Anniversary of the Department of Neurosurgery)].","authors":"D Y Usachev, O N Dreval, V A Lazarev, A V Baskov, G G Shaginyan, I I Tsuladze, A V Kuznetsov, V L Puchkov, V A Chekhonatsky, O V Mukhina, K V Lyubimaya","doi":"10.17116/neiro202589011116","DOIUrl":"10.17116/neiro202589011116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the order of April 15, 1935, the opening of the Department of Neurosurgery, the first head of which was Nikolai N. Burdenko, laid the foundation for the development of neurosurgical activity and training of neurosurgical personnel in the USSR within the walls of the Russian Medical Academy of Medical Sciences (TsIUV). N.N. Burdenko was an outstanding Soviet surgeon, one of the founders of neurosurgery, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1939) and the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (1944-1946), Hero of Socialist Labor, honorary member of the British Royal Society of Surgeons and the Paris Academy of Surgery, Colonel General of Medical Service.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 1","pages":"116-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sellar collision tumors: difficulties of preoperative neuroimaging and selection of surgical approach. Case reports and literature review].","authors":"M Yu Kurnukhina, V Yu Cherebillo, G V Gavrilov, V A Grachev","doi":"10.17116/neiro20258903175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/neiro20258903175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sellar tumors are predominantly benign neoplasms accounting for approximately 14-18% of all brain tumors. For many decades, there have been a few clinical cases confirming possible simultaneous coexistence of two nosological groups in one area. We present 2 rare cases of sellar collision tumors (a 61-year-old male with pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma; a 68-year-old female with pituitary adenoma and meningioma of tubercle), clinical features, anamnesis, preoperative neuroimaging, intraoperative picture and postoperative outcomes. Combination of pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma/ meningioma as a type of collision tumors requires caution at all stages of treatment due to impossible preoperative analysis of tumor density and, accordingly, correct choice of surgical access. Transsphenoidal endoscopic access reduces mortality rate according to literature data. Preoperative MR elastometry needs to be studied in depth including patients with sellar collision tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 3","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Stereo-EEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulations in drug-resistant focal epilepsy].","authors":"A V Dimertsev, N V Pedyash, Kh O Shavkatbekov, N P Utyashev, E A Gordeeva, A A Zuev, Yu V Batmanova","doi":"10.17116/neiro2025890317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/neiro2025890317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative examination of patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy requires invasive diagnostic methods in 30-40% of cases. Stereo-EEG is one of them and often the most significant for verification of epileptogenic zone and its subsequent resection. The desire to minimize surgical trauma led to idea of local radiofrequency thermocoagulation through SEEG electrodes [1]. This allows destruction of epileptogenic zones during examination. Despite the safety of this method, appropriate studies are contradictory and require further analysis [2].</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To clarify the role of radiofrequency thermocoagulation in diagnosis and treatment of patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective study included 75 patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent radiofrequency thermocoagulation between 2020 and 2023. The results were assessed 6 and 12 months after thermocoagulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six-month freedom from seizures was 35% (26 patients). Seizure rate decreased by more than 50% (McHugh I-II) in 39 (52%) patients. Most patients with the McHugh II outcome (10 out of 12) experienced less incidence and intensity of seizures. This made unnecessary subsequent surgery. MR-negative nature of epilepsy (<i>p</i>=0.015), right-sided localization of epileptogenic substrate (<i>p</i>=0.032) and bihemispheric distribution (<i>p</i>=0.05) were negative predictors of treatment outcomes. A relationship was found between localization of radiofrequency thermocoagulation in the frontal lobe and freedom from seizures. Mean volume of one thermocoagulation point was 0.98±0.3 cm³. The number of points did not significantly influence the outcomes either for the McHugh scale (<i>p</i>=0.654) or for the Engel scale (<i>p</i>=0.288). Total volume of thermocoagulation foci ranged from 0.52 to 13.5 cm³ (mean 3.85±2.9). Twenty-six (35%) patients underwent surgery for persistent and/or recurrent seizures after radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided resection of epileptogenic zones). After 12 months, freedom from seizures was 28% (21 patients), seizure rate decrease by more than 50% (McHugh I-II) was observed in 33 (44%) patients. McHugh class III outcome was observed in 12 patients (16%). MR-negative nature of epilepsy (<i>p</i>=0.009) and right-sided localization of epileptogenic substrate (<i>p</i><0.001) were negative predictors regarding Engel I outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stereo-EEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation is a unique and safe technique significantly reducing the incidence and intensity of epileptic seizures in patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy with minimal iatrogenic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 3","pages":"7-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Metastatic meningiomas: a case series and literature review].","authors":"N I Mikhailov, A M Zaitsev, M A Kucheryavykh, P Yu Petrova, O N Kirsanova, Kh S Kosumova","doi":"10.17116/neiro20258903183","DOIUrl":"10.17116/neiro20258903183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The probability of meningiomas metastasizing is 0.18%, and the causes are unclear. The most common localizations of extracranial metastases are lung (37.2%), bones (16.5%) and liver (9.2%). There are no effective treatment algorithms for metastatic meningiomas. Treatment tactics consists of symptomatic surgery and radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We present 3 patients including a 75-year-old woman with grade 1 meningioma and metastasis to occipital lymph node, a 59-year-old man with meningioma grade 2 and lung metastasis, a 45-year-old woman with grade 2 meningioma with extracranial component and lung metastasis.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>A female patient with grade 1 meningioma and occipital lymph node metastasis showed clinical stabilization after surgical treatment. The follow-up was 14 months. Treatment with nitrosourea was ineffective for metastatic lung lesions in a patient with grade II meningioma. Combination of bevacizumab and everolimus in a patient with G2 meningioma within craniovertebral junction and metastatic lung lesion achieved stabilization in all foci. The follow-up was 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is necessary to continue accumulation of clinical experience due to rarity of meningioma metastasizing. Treatment of such patients remains individual.</p>","PeriodicalId":24032,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal voprosy neirokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko","volume":"89 3","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}