中华肝脏病杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Research progress on new drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection].","authors":"Y Y Yu, J Li, W X Wang, P Y Fan, F S Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240521-00258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240521-00258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global public health problem. There will be about 257 million chronic HBV-infected patients worldwide, according to the World Health Organization's estimation by 2025. Currently, the main drugs for the treatment of chronic HBV infection are nucleos(t)ide analogues and pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN). However, previous research results show that whether it is nucleos(t)ide analogues and PEG-IFN-α monotherapy or combination therapy, or sequential combination therapy, the rate of hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion in patients is low, and there is still a high risk of disease progression after a certain course of antiviral treatment. Therefore, to achieve the ambitious target of \"eliminating viral hepatitis by 2030\" set by the World Health Organization and help more hepatitis B patients achieve functional cure, a large number of new drugs have been developed and entered clinical trials. This paper summarizes and reviews the types, safety, and efficacy of new drugs to further promote advancements in the field of treatment of chronic HBV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 5","pages":"493-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sulfasalazine relieves cholestatic liver injury by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α].","authors":"J Xu, X Wang, Y Zhang, J Xiao, H You, Z Y Liu, Y Sun, Y H Lan, H Ren, C G Liu, M L Peng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250124-00041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250124-00041","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate the efficacy and potential mechanism of sulfasalazine (SASP) therapy for intrahepatic cholestasis. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Forty SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group (carboxymethylcellulose sodium 0.5%), a model group (carboxymethylcellulose sodium 0.5%), a SASP group (sulfasalazine 150 mg/kg), and an ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA 100 mg/kg) group, with ten rats in each group. The cholestatic liver injury model was induced using α-naphthylisothiocyanate. Blood samples were collected to detect liver biochemistry and cholestasis indexes. Rat liver tissue was collected for hematoxylin-eosin staining and Mason staining. Liver tissue was analyzed using transcriptome sequencing, real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and flow cytometry. Simultaneously, the level of inflammatory factors, total cholesterol, and total bile acids were measured in liver tissue. A &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-test or a nonparametric test was selected based on the distribution and variance characteristics of the data. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase [(386.88±155.77) U/L], aspartate aminotransferase [(593.13±251.44) U/L], alkaline phosphatase [(561.25±167.54) U/L], total bilirubin [(38.00±29.75) mol/L] and total bile acids [(191.31±91.48) mol/L] were significantly lower in the SASP than the model groups [(778.75±313.59) U/L, (1 159.38±274.62) U/L, (801.25±161.28) U/L, (86.63±27.83) mol/L, (432.63±151.54) mol/L,&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05]. Liver histopathology showed that the inflammatory cells in the manifold area, the bile duct proliferation and dilation, and the collagen deposition in the manifold area were significantly improved under the pathological state of cholestasis in the SASP group. The results of transcriptome sequencing demonstrated that SASP activated the peroxisome proliferator actived receptor &lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt; (PPAR&lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt;) and inhibited Th17 cell differentiation. The &lt;i&gt;PPARα&lt;/i&gt; mRNA level in the liver tissue of rats was significantly increased in the SASP group compared with that in the model group [(0.41±0.28) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. (0.16±0.04), &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05], and the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase was decreased compared with that in the model group [(3.09±1.16) &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. (8.19±2.19), &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05], which was also verified at the protein level. The concentrations of total cholesterol [(0.31±0.34) mmol/g] and total bile acids [(2.58±0.99) μmol/g] were lower than the model group [(0.83±0.62) mmol/g and (4.07±0.91) μmol/g] (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), and at the same time it was accompanied by lower levels of inflammatory factors (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). SASP treatment decreased the expression of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt gene (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05) and the proportion of Th17 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; SASP can improve cholestatic liver injury, and its mechanism is related to the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and the inhibiti","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 5","pages":"448-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on predictive indicators of a clinical cure for chronic hepatitis B].","authors":"R Y Zhang, W Yue, L Zhu, J B Luo, B Bu, Y L Wang, Y M Wang, J W Geng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241015-00541","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241015-00541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nucleotide analogues (NAs) and interferon are still the first-line drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but they still cannot completely eliminate covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) within hepatocytes. The clinical cure, or the disappearance of HBsAg, is the ideal goal of antiviral therapy. Although interferon therapy has a significantly greater HBsAg clearance rate and seroconversion rate than NAs, combination or sequential treatment can improve the HBsAg clearance rate and seroconversion rate to a certain extent, and only a small proportion of CHB patients can achieve clinical cure. Therefore, finding indications that predict clinical cure before and during antiviral treatment is crucial for identifying patients who are more likely to achieve HBsAg clearance at an early stage, improving clinical cure rates, and reducing treatment costs. This article reviews the research progress on predictive indicators of clinical cure of chronic hepatitis B in the past five years, explores the value of each indicator in predicting clinical cure, and provides a reference for optimizing CHB treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 ","pages":"500-504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[An excerpt of European Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidelines on transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in 2025].","authors":"Z Y Wang, G H Han","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250418-00148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250418-00148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a proven procedure therapy for complications in cirrhotic portal hypertension (PH). In recent years, there has been a lot of progress in the field of TIPS, especially in terms of technical operation, prognostic models, and indication expansion. Therefore, the guidelines aim to provide a comprehensive overview of all aspects of the use of TIPS in patients with cirrhosis while separating sections pertaining to other specialized subjects (e.g., the usage of TIPS in surgical procedures and hepatovascular disorders).</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 5","pages":"434-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research advances in occurrence risk assessment and early-stage diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma].","authors":"Y J Li, J F Li, Y Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231124-00231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231124-00231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluating and identifying the occurrence risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can make the gateway for prevention and diagnosis advance as well as assist in the early detection and intervention of future HCC occurrences within the population. Early-stage diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving survival rates in patients with HCC. This article reviews the recent years' research progress in terms of combining three aspects-molecular markers, scoring models, and early-stage diagnostics-to predict the evaluation of HCC occurrence risk, with the hope of providing guiding significance for clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 5","pages":"505-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A case of cavernous transformation of the portal vein treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt assisted by implementing cannulation of the superior mesenteric vein branch].","authors":"Y Zhang, Y F Wu, C B Dong, Q M Li, Z H Fan, Z D Yue, G Z Xu, D Z Wang, L Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240510-00247","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240510-00247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 4","pages":"379-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A case of congenital hepatic fibrosis accompanied with multiple system abnormalities].","authors":"T F Liu, Y Kong, L Y Zhang, L Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240122-00049","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240122-00049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 4","pages":"383-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[New progress in the technology of non-invasive diagnosis for small hepatocellular carcinoma].","authors":"S X Zhao, Z A Zhang, Y M Nan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250314-00094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250314-00094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnosis of small liver cancer is crucial to improving the survival rate of patients. However, traditional diagnostic methods are highly invasive, so the development of non-invasive diagnostic techniques is particularly important. In recent years, non-invasive diagnostic techniques have shown good prospects in the early-stage detection of liver cancer. Therefore, current research focuses on biomarkers, imaging technologies, and artificial intelligence applications. This article aims to review the latest advances in non-invasive diagnostic technologies, discuss their advantages and challenges in clinical application, and look forward to future research directions so as to provide a reference for further improving the diagnosis rate of small liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 4","pages":"310-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Protective effect and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice].","authors":"H L Zhu, L Chen, W L Zhu, J Ding, K Jiang, H Tao, J Zhou, J Xuan, M F Yang, M Z Jiang, F Y Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240312-00128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240312-00128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the curative effect and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-one 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: control group (normal diet), model group (high-fat and high-cholesterol diet), and hyperbaric oxygen group (high-fat and high-cholesterol diet + hyperbaric oxygen therapy), with seven mice in each group. The changes in body weight, serum liver enzymes, and blood lipids were compared after treatment between the three groups. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Oil Red O staining, Sirius red staining, and F4/80 immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the pathological changes in liver tissues. RT-qPCR and Western blot methods were used to detect the expression levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison among the groups. <b>Results:</b> Mice in the hyperbaric oxygen group had significantly improved liver histopathology. The serological levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and cholesterol were (77.50±13.59) U/L, (156.06±23.68) U/L, and (4.80±0.53) mmol/L, which were significantly lower than those in the model group [(109.43±16.88) U/L, (216.62±18.79) U/L, and (5.86±0.53) mmol/L, <i>P</i><0.05], and accompanied by lower levels of lipid deposition, macrophage infiltration, and fibrosis. In addition, compared with the model group, the expression of antioxidant stress protein nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [(0.30±0.06) and (2.16±1.21), <i>P</i><0.05] and heme oxygenase-1 [(0.48±0.19) and (1.01±0.18), <i>P</i><0.05] in liver tissue showed an upward trend following hyperbaric oxygen treatment, which was also validated at the transcriptional level (<i>P</i><0.05). Simultaneously, compared with the model group, the mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α [(2.60±0.71) and (0.66±0.15), <i>P</i><0.05], interleukin-1β [(2.41±1.01) and (0.78±0.23), <i>P</i><0.05], and interleukin-6 [(3.61±2.17) and (0.94±0.25), <i>P</i><0.05] in the liver tissue of mice in the hyperbaric oxygen group were decreased. The tumor necrosis factor-α protein level [(7.50±4.73) and (1.05±0.58), <i>P</i><0.05] and interleukin-1β [(1.65±0.35) and (1.02±0.02), <i>P</i><0.05] was reduced following hyperbaric oxygen treatment compared with those in the model group. <b>Conclusion:</b> Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can slow down the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating the levels of oxidative stress and inflammation in the mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 4","pages":"366-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma in the context of cirrhosis].","authors":"L Chen, S W Lu, T D Xiang, Y X Yu, W F Zhao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250325-00109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250325-00109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In China, most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have progressed to the middle and advanced stages when they are diagnosed, so early-stage diagnosis is a significant key to improving the prognosis. Tumor diameter significantly correlates with the prognosis of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC), which is further classified as early-stage HCC (eHCC) and advanced HCC (pHCC). The \"fast in and fast out\" enhancement pattern is a typical feature of liver cancer imaging (CECT/CEMRI/CEUS); yet, eHCC with a diameter of <2 cm frequently exhibits hypovascularity. Hepatocyte-specific enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) displays a unique hepatobiliary-specific phase (HBP) hypointensity, along with atypical manifestations such as lipid-containing nodules, T2 hyperintensity, and restricted diffusion. HBP is a functional radiographic imaging feature for cancerous nodules in cirrhosis. EOB-MRI can significantly increase the hypovascularity detection rate of eHCC in conjunction with serologic markers like alpha-fetoprotein. With a focus on the dynamic changes in hypovascular hypointense nodules in HBP (including diameter size, APHE, DWI, and other parameters), it is recommended that high-risk cirrhotic cohorts undergo routine monitoring (EOB-MRI follow-up every three months) to diagnose early-stage eHCC, based on the existing evidence-based medicine. This recommendation in clinical practice guidelines provides a crucial strategy that can markedly enhance patients' five-year survival rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 4","pages":"323-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}