中华肝脏病杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B mortality status from 2006 to 2021 among Chinese residents].","authors":"R H Wang, J J Hu, Z Li, X Han","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240801-00356","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240801-00356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze and predict the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B mortality status among Chinese residents from 2006 to 2021 and 2022 to 2027, so as to provide a reference for hepatitis B prevention and control. <b>Methods:</b> The dataset of hepatitis B death cases from 2006 to 2021 published by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention was collected. The age was standardized using the population structure in 2000 as the standard population. The crude mortality rate (CMR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) were calculated for hepatitis B. The epidemiological distribution characteristics of hepatitis B deaths in terms of region, gender, age, and time were analyzed. The Joinpoint regression analysis model was used to analyze the changing trend. The gray model was used to predict the CMR and ASMR of hepatitis B from 2022 to 2027. <b>Results:</b> A total of 77 722 cases died of hepatitis B from 2006 to 2021, with an average CMR and ASMR of 2.69/100 000 and 2.00/100 000, respectively. The ASMR of male and female showed an overall downward trend, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of -5.4 (95%<i>CI</i>: -8.1 to -2.7, <i>P</i><0.001) and -5.7 (95%<i>CI</i>: -8.4 to -3.0, <i>P</i><0.001), respectively. The ASMR of urban and rural areas showed an overall downward trend, with an AAPC of -5.0 (95%<i>CI</i>: -7.7 to -2.2, <i>P</i>=0.001) and -5.7 (95%<i>CI</i>: -9.0 to -2.4, <i>P</i>=0.001), respectively. The average ASMR of hepatitis B from 2006 to 2021 in western, central, and eastern China was 2.86/100,000, 2.05/100,000 and 1.42/100,000, respectively, and the overall trend was downward. The gray model prediction results showed that the CMR of hepatitis B from 2022 to 2027 among Chinese residents was 2.36/100 000, 2.29/100 000, 2.22/100 000, 2.16/100 000, 2.10/100 000 and 2.03/100 000, respectively, while the ASMR was 1.37/100 000, 1.30/100 000, 1.23/100 000, 1.16/100 000, 1.10/100 000 and 1.04/100 000, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> The CMR and ASMR of hepatitis B have a declining trend year by year among Chinese residents, and further progress has been made in the prevention and treatment. The key focus and emphasis of future work should be to strengthen the screening and prevention of hepatitis B in rural areas, western regions, male demographics, targeted preventive and control measure formulations, and the lowering of mortality rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 ","pages":"128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Strategies of statins for the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma].","authors":"T Tong, J F Li, L Z Shi, L T Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231207-00269","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231207-00269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a kind of malignant tumor with an extremely high morbidity and mortality incidence rate. Although some new progress has been made in recent treatment, the overall prognosis is still poor. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of HCC have important clinical significance. Statin drugs are mainly used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In recent years, an increasing number of research results have shown that statins have advantages in preventing the occurrence and improving the prognosis of HCC. This paper reviews the new progress performed in the mechanism of statin drug and the current clinical prevention and treatment for HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 ","pages":"191-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expression of YARS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its prognostic effect].","authors":"L H Hu, J Pan, H Cheng, T T Yao, J D Qian, L J Cao, M Chai, J Y Chai, G Q Wang, Y Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231203-00259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231203-00259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the expression of <i>YARS1</i>, the subform of protein-based tRNA synthase (<i>YARS1</i>), and its prognostic effect on the analysis of gene set enrichment in hepatocellular carcinoma <b>Methods:</b> The expressional condition of the <i>YARS1</i> gene in tumor tissue samples (374 cases) and adjacent tissue samples (50 cases) of hepatocellular carcinoma patients was compared and recorded by mining the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Hepatocellular carcinoma patients were divided into high expression and low expression groups according to this data. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between <i>YARS1</i> and the clinical pathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The effect of <i>YARS1</i> expression on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The prognostic value of the <i>YARS1</i> gene for hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to evaluate the gene pathways related to <i>YARS1</i> in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. <b>Results:</b> The expression of the <i>YARS1</i> gene was higher in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue than in normal tissue (<i>P</i><0.001). The expression level of <i>YARS1</i> was correlated with the grade of patients (<i>P</i><0.05), but not with age, gender, TNM stage, and others (<i>P</i>>0.05). The results of Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test showed that the survival rate was lower in patients with high <i>YARS1</i> gene expression than that of patients with low <i>YARS1</i> gene expression (<i>P</i><0.001). The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that <i>YARS1</i> was used as an independent prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma [hazard ratio=1.10, 95% confidence interval (1.050-1.156), <i>P</i><0.001]. The results of gene set enrichment analysis showed that <i>YARS1</i> was involved in pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, ppar signal transduction pathway, oocyte meiosis, amino acid and nucleotide sugar metabolism, RNA degradation, complement pathway, valine and isoleucine degradation, spliceosome, and other pathways. <b>Conclusion:</b> The high expression of <i>YARS1</i> is associated with the progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, this gene is expected to become a novel biomarker and a sort of target for biological therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 2","pages":"151-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical features and genetic study of four cases of pediatric acute liver failure caused by <i>NBAS</i> gene variants].","authors":"J D Yu, H Zhao, Y H Fang, Y Y Luo, J G Lou, J Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240611-00291","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240611-00291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the clinical and genetic features of four children with pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) caused by neuroblastoma-amplified sequence (<i>NBAS</i>) gene variant, as well as the correlation between clinical phenotype and genotype. <b>Methods:</b> The clinical data and genetic test results of four children with <i>NBAS</i> gene variants admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine from August 2015 to June 2023 mainly presenting with pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) were retrospectively analyzed. The relevant literature from January 2015 to May 2024 was retrieved using the Chinese and English keywords \"<i>NBAS</i>,\" \"neuroblastoma amplified sequence,\" \"SOPH,\" \"short stature with optic nerve atrophy and Pelger Huët anomaly,\" \"liver failure,\" and \"neuroblastoma amplified sequence\" indexed in the CNKI database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and PubMed database. The clinical features and gene mutation characteristics of domestic patients were summarized. <b>Results:</b> The age at which the initial PALF attack occurred in the four children varied from eight months to three years and seven months. All patients developed PALF within 1-2 days after the onset of fever, with symptoms such as vomiting, convulsions, and mental depression or confusion, accompanied by a sharp increase in transaminases, elevated bilirubin and blood ammonia, hyperlactatemia, and hepatomegaly. The PALF gradually improved, and three pediatric patients showed extrahepatic manifestations following antipyretic, fluid replacement, and other symptomatic supportive treatment. Long-term follow-up showed that active temperature control and symptomatic therapy reduced the recurrence of PALF. Genetic testing identified eight kinds of <i>NBAS</i> gene variants sites. Family testing validated compound heterozygous variants, which included four missense variants, one nonsense variants, and three frameshift mutations. A literature study revealed that out of 51 Chinese patients with <i>NBAS</i> gene variants, 98.0% (50/51) had liver involvement, and 37 cases showed PALF. A total of 61 mutation sites were identified, with c.3596G>A (45.1%, 23/51) as a hotspot variants. <b>Conclusions:</b> PALF caused by <i>NBAS</i> gene variant has obvious clinical and genetic characteristics, and there is a correlation between genotype and clinical phenotype. The c.3596G>A variant site is a hotspot mutation in China and is strongly correlated with the liver failure phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"32 ","pages":"170-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical research progress of stem cell therapy for decompensated cirrhosis and liver failure].","authors":"Y H Wang, Y B Xie, Z Y Zhang, Y F Pan, F S Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250210-00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250210-00052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic liver disease remains a severe threat to human health. Furthermore, if left untreated promptly and effectively, it may gradually develop into end-stage liver disease, including decompensated cirrhosis and liver failure. Currently, mesenchymal stem cell technology is acting as a kind of an emerging treatment method, and multiple clinical trials have confirmed its promising application prospects in the treatment of decompensated cirrhosis and liver failure. Hence, stem cell therapy may offer a novel therapeutic option for these patients. This article summarizes the clinical research progress of stem cell therapy for decompensated cirrhosis and liver failure and analyzes present challenges and application prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 2","pages":"103-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress in the field of drug-induced liver injury in the year 2024].","authors":"Y Zhi, Y N Dong, Y M Mao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250205-00049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250205-00049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 2","pages":"125-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on B cells in chronic hepatitis B].","authors":"L L Tang, R N Xu, F S Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240809-00370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240809-00370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>B cells play a key role in humoral immunity and participate in the clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) through antibody production, antigen presentation, and immune regulation. Variations in immunological responses to different HBV antigens show antigenic heterogeneity in B cells during HBV infection. In recent years, it has been found that hepatitis B surface antibody-specific B cells are abnormally differentiated, while hepatitis B core antibody-specific B cells are relatively intact in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Additionally, defects in the non-antibody-generating functions of B cell lead to persistent HBV infection. This article provides important insights for understanding the role and function of B cells in chronic HBV infection and a scientific basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies..</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 2","pages":"186-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Recent advances in epidemiology, prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in China].","authors":"Y Deng, T T Meng, H You, Y Wang, J D Jia","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250127-00046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250127-00046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China has made remarkable achievements during the past three decades in controlling chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The overall HBsAg positivity rate dropped from 9.72% in 1992 to 5.86% in 2020. Particularly, the HBsAg positivity rate among children under five years old has dropped from 9.67% in 1992 to 0.30% in 2020. This transition is due to the universal vaccination of newborns with hepatitis B vaccine since 1992, which has averted over 40 million of HBV infections and seven million hepatitis B-related deaths. However, there are still around 75 million cases of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in China, of which about 59.78% of the infected individuals were aware of their infection status before survey, and about 30 million people have not yet been diagnosed. Among the confirmed infected individuals, 38.25% (about 17 million people) have indications for antiviral treatment, but only 17.33% (about 3 million people) are receiving antiviral treatment. Therefore, in order to accelerate the actualization of the World Health Organization's goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030, China has taken a series of active measures in recent years, including updating clinical guidelines and expanding treatment indications to improve the coverage of diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, Chinese pharmaceutical companies and academia have made significant progress in the research and development of innovative hepatitis B therapies, laying the foundation for achieving the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Furthermore, China has developed a comprehensive management model for the prevention, control, and elimination of hepatitis B through evidence-based public health interventions, optimized clinical management strategies, and promotion of innovative drugs, providing valuable experience for the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 2","pages":"115-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Rifaximin curative effect and mechanism on monocrotaline-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in mice].","authors":"S Zhao, J Q Xiao, H Zhang, J J Tu, Q Yin, Y Z Zhuge","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240118-00035","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240118-00035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the curative effect and possible mechanism of rifaximin treatment on monocrotaline-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) in mice. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups and treated with solvent control, monocrotaline, and rifaximin, respectively. The histopathological changes of the liver and intestine were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The differences were compared in liver parameters, serum liver enzymes, inflammatory factors, apoptotic factors, gut microbiota, and gut tight junction proteins among three groups of mice. The inter-group comparison was conducted using a t-test and one-way analysis of variance. <b>Results:</b> The rifaximin-treated group had significantly improved liver histopathology. The serological levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were (559.04±89.42) U/L and (676.90±106.25) U/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the PA-HSOS model group [(846.05±148.46) U/L and (953.87±58.10) U/L, <i>P</i><0.05], and were accompanied by lower levels of apoptotic cells and inflammatory factors. Additionally, the rifaximin-treated mice group gut microbiota had higher diversity compared with the PA-HSOS group (<i>P</i><0.05), and the Shannon index was 7.77±0.10 and 7.16±0.07, respectively, indicating apparent differences in microbiota among different groups. The abundance of Firmicutes in the rifaximin group was 39.58%±0.56%, which was significantly higher than that in the model group (24.25%±0.64%, <i>P</i><0.05), while the abundance of Bacteroidetes was 54.7%±0.41%, which was significantly lower than that in the model group (70.92%±0.49%, <i>P</i><0.05). Simultaneously, the expressions of gut tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin showed an upward trend and validated transcription levels compared to the model group following rifaximin intervention (<i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> Rifaximin can alleviate monocrotaline-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in mice, and its mechanism may be via gut microbiota regulation, which in turn plays a role in improving intestinal barrier function.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"32 ","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Liver organoid technology and its related progress in liver disease research].","authors":"Z R Wang, Y Y Yu, W G Hong, F S Wang, E Q Linghu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241111-00572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241111-00572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver transplantation, hepatocyte transplantation, and bioartificial liver are means of treating end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure. However, insufficient liver resources and immune rejection after transplantation, as well as a shortage of liver tissue or cell donors, are challenges faced in clinical treatment. The research progress of liver organoid technology in recent years may provide new ways to solve the above problems. Organoids are a kind of three-dimensional cell condensates formed by the self-organization of pluripotent or adult stem cells through three-dimensional culture in vitro, which can imitate the spatial structure and physiological function characteristics of the original organs, can be sub-cultured in vitro, replicated on a large scale, and have the ability of self-renewal. The emergence of organoid technology has brought new hope for providing mechanism exploration models and resolution of hepatocyte resources. In particular, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids do not involve ethical concerns, and are combined with emerging technologies such as gene editing and organ chips, thereby overcoming the constraint of traditional disease research models and establishing a new platform for translational medicine. Additionally, it has expansive application prospects in building disease models, screening drugs, precision medicine, regenerative medicine, and organ transplantation. Thus, this paper summarizes the technical principles, preclinical research, and application progress and challenges of liver organoid technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"33 2","pages":"108-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}