中华肝脏病杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Research progress on poor response, resistance mechanisms, and influencing factors of immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma].","authors":"M Huang, F N Zhang, H Gong, C C Liu, T T Zhao, N He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250902-00361","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250902-00361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors offer hope for patients with advanced- stage HCC, the objective response rate remains only 15% to 30%, mainly due to primary or secondary drug resistance. This article systematically reviews the potential mechanisms and influencing factors of poor immunotherapy responses in HCC, aiming to provide theoretical reference for an in-depth understanding of primary non-response, secondary drug resistance, or immunotherapy resistance and the development of personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"392-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the application of exhaled breath analysis technology in the detection and diagnosis of liver failure].","authors":"S T Zhang, Y S Liu, Y L He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250831-00355","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250831-00355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, exhaled breath analysis technology has shown significant potential for the detection and diagnosis of liver diseases as an innovative noninvasive diagnostic method. This paper systematically reviews the recent relevant literature on the application progress of exhaled breath analysis in the field of liver failure at home and abroad, including the correlation between volatile organic compounds and liver pathology, the principles and advantages and disadvantages of present mainstream technologies (mass spectrometry, electronic nose, and spectroscopy analysis), the development and application in warning early-stage conditions and prognostic assessment following treatment, as well as the facing challenges and future application status.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"386-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Study on the establishment, assessment, and drug sensitivity testing for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma organoid models based on the suspension culture method].","authors":"Y H Su, W Huang, C Yu, Y R Liu, P R Wu, C P Chai, L Li, H Xu, W C Zhou","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250414-00140","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250414-00140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the feasibility of establishing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) organoid models based on the suspension culture method. <b>Methods:</b> Fresh tumor tissue specimens were prepared from six patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using digestive enzymes for a cell suspension. The cells were cultured as organoids in ultra-low attachment plates. Passaging and cryopreservation were used once the organoids reached an appropriate size. The formation of the organoids was monitored and recorded using an inverted microscope during the culture process. The organoids were collected and detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. The protein expressional conditions were examined. <b>Results:</b> Stable passaged and cryopreserved organoids from three tumor tissue samples were successfully constructed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that the organoids were structurally similar to the primary tissue. Immunohistochemical staining results demonstrated that CK7, CK19, E-cadherin, and vimentin were all positively expressed, with Ki67 positivity rates of approximately 50%, 30%, and 80%, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> The suspension culture method can construct organoid models in terms of tissue structure and protein expression that exhibit tumor characteristics of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"340-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research advances of magnetic resonance elastography for assessing the bioinvasiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma].","authors":"M Y Ma, R K Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250406-00124","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250406-00124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is closely correlated with the dynamic changes in the biomechanical microenvironment. The solid (e.g., tissue sclerosis due to stromal fibrosis) and fluid mechanics processes (e.g., disordered interstitial hydraulic gradient) of HCC are significantly aberrant in comparison to normal liver tissue. These mechanical characteristics synergistically promote tumor invasion and metastasis by regulating mechanosensitive pathways and forming an interaction network with key biochemical signals. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), as a non-invasive technique, enables quantitative assessment of the mechanical heterogeneity of HCC by accurately characterizing tissue viscoelastic indices (e.g., shear modulus and loss modulus). Several studies have confirmed that MRE parameters are strongly correlated with tumor differentiation grade, microvascular invasion status, and molecular phenotypes (e.g., high Ki-67 expression and phosphatidylinositol proteoglycan 3 targeting). Furthermore, MRE's quantitative assessment of tumor hardness can provide objective support for prognostic stratification by accurately predicting the likelihood of postoperative recurrence. The non-invasive, reproducible, and quantitative advantages of MRE, which are based on the invasive assessment of HCC, demonstrate its unique clinical value. Multidimensional information in support of conventional imaging and molecular marker evaluation facilitates the early-stage diagnosis, personalized treatment, and dynamic monitoring of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"376-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Global differences and challenges in the definition of acute liver failure].","authors":"Y Ren, M Kong, M M Xu, Y Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250903-00364","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250903-00364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute liver failure (ALF) is a critical syndrome characterized by sudden deterioration of liver function, coagulopathy, and hepatic encephalopathy, with a very high mortality rate. However, the global ALF diagnostic criteria exhibit significant heterogeneity, with remarkable differences among countries in terms of disease course duration, grading requirements for hepatic encephalopathy, exclusion principles for basic liver disease, and accompanied symptoms. This inconsistency hinders accurate determination of liver transplantation timing, epidemiological comparisons, prognostic assessments, and cross-border research. This article systematically analyzes the core differences in ALF definitions among liver disease-related associations in China, Japan, Europe, and America; explores their impact on clinical practice and scientific research; and proposes strategies such as multicenter collaboration and molecular typing to promote global integration and research advancement for ALF definitions.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"371-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Interferon-α induces disulfidptosis occurrence in human liver cancer cells].","authors":"X Y Bi, J Zhang, L H Xu, X R Chu, S S Liu, Y N Xin","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250612-00233","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250612-00233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the potential molecular regulatory mechanism of interferon-α (IFN-α)-induced disulfidptosis occurrence in human liver cancer cells. <b>Methods:</b> Glucose starvation and IFN-α treatment models were constructed using human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2 and Huh7, respectively. Western blotting (WB), NADPH content measurement, and immunofluorescence staining were employed to evaluate disulfidptosis-related phenotypes, such as intracellular disulfide bond accumulation, NADPH depletion, and filamentous actin (F-actin) skeleton collapse. The reversibility of the phenotypes was validated by combining the disulfidptosis inhibitor D-penicillamine (D-Pen). The expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) was downregulated using siRNA interference to evaluate the dependence of IFN-α-induced disulfidptosis on the SLC7A11 pathway. Furthermore, the GEO transcriptome dataset was employed to conduct differential gene analysis for screening candidate molecules involved in the regulation of IFN-α-induced disulfidptosis. Quantitative data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Comparisons between two groups were performed using the independent-samples <i>t</i> test, while comparisons among multiple groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Dunnett's t test for pairwise comparisons. <b>Results:</b> Compared with the control group, glucose starvation and IFN-α treatment both induced disulfidptosis-related phenotypes in HepG2 and Huh7 cells, characterized by increased intracellular disulfide bond levels, decreased NADPH content, and F-actin cytoskeleton collapse. Following IFN-α treatment, the accumulation of high-molecular-weight protein aggregates increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Compared with IFN-α treatment alone, combined D-Pen intervention partially alleviated intracellular disulfide accumulation, NADPH depletion, and F-actin cytoskeletal collapse. Under conditions of SLC7A11 knockdown, IFN-α-induced high-molecular-weight protein aggregation was further aggravated, suggesting that regulatory mechanisms independent of SLC7A11 may also be involved in this process. Transcriptomic differential expression analysis revealed that β2-microglobulin (B2M), ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (USP18) and proteasome activator subunit 1 (PSME1) were upregulated following IFN-α stimulation, among which PSME1 also showed increased protein expression after IFN-α treatment. <b>Conclusion:</b> IFN-α can induce disulfidptosis-related phenotypic changes in HepG2 and Huh7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The upregulation of B2M, USP18, and PSME1 suggests that these molecules may be involved in this process; however, the specific underlying mechanisms require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"312-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnostic value and clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase-7, gamma-glutamate transferase, and liver stiffness measurement with ultrasound elastography in children with biliary atresia].","authors":"J M Zhang, Y L Sun, Q Z Li, Y Y Peng, D Qin, Q J Liu, C Fan, Y M Wang, L Zhu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250805-00315","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250805-00315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the diagnostic value and clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) with ultrasound elastography in children with biliary atresia (BA). <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective study was conducted. Forty-five children diagnosed with cholestasis at the Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2022 and February 2025 were selected as the study subjects. All subjects underwent clinical examination. Pre-enrollment diagnoses were thoroughly documented. The children were divided into a BA group (<i>n</i>=20) and a non-BA group (<i>n</i>=25) based on intraoperative cholangiography and follow-up results. The levels of MMP-7, GGT, direct bilirubin (DBil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, total bile acids, and LSM were compared between the two groups. Indicators with statistically significant differences were used to plot and calculate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The model's stability was internally validated by the bootstrap method. Continuous variables were compared using <i>t</i>-tests or rank-sum tests. Categorical variables were analyzed using <i>χ</i>² tests. The highest observed effect size among all indicators, matrix metalloproteinase-7 (effect size <i>d</i>≈2.5), with an α error probability set at 0.05 was determined using the G*Power 3.1 software. The statistical reliability of the present sample size (BA group <i>n</i>=20, non-BA group <i>n</i>=25) was analyzed using the efficacy calculation model of the Mann-Whitney U test (two independent samples). <b>Results:</b> The levels of MMP-7 [38.95 (17.50, 58.75) μg/L <i>vs</i>. 6.00 (6.00, 7.00) μg/L], GGT [492.04 (237.92, 611.25) U/L <i>vs</i>. 166.00 (86.95, 220.00) U/L], DBil [139.16 (122.62, 164.45) µmol/L <i>vs</i>. 100.90 (62.90, 149.90) µmol/L], and LSM [12.0 (10.0, 17.5) kPa <i>vs</i>. 7.0 (6.0, 8.0) kPa] were significantly higher in the BA group than those in the non-BA group, and the differences were statistically significant (<i>P</i><0.05). MMP-7 as a single indicator demonstrated extremely high diagnostic efficacy in BA diagnosis, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.987. Combining MMP-7 with DBil and LSM further enhanced diagnostic efficacy, achieving a combined AUC of 0.990. The bootstrap method had validated the model as stable and reliable. The statistical power analysis indicated that with the present study sample size, key diagnostic indicators, such as MMP-7, were >0.99. <b>Conclusion:</b> MMP-7, GGT, DBil, and LSM have significant value in the diagnosis of BA. Among them, MMP-7 serves as an independent biomarker with the highest diagnostic efficacy, while combining it with LSM and DBil further improves diagnostic efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"332-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research advances on hepatocyte zonal changes in metabolic associated fatty liver disease].","authors":"Y Li, Z W Huang, J T Gan, Q F Zhang, W W Fu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20251219-00543","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20251219-00543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocyte zonation is a core feature of the spatial heterogeneity of liver function, which is driven by the process of gradients of oxygen and nutrients from the portal vein to the central vein and is precisely regulated by signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, thereby forming distinct metabolic functional zones. This zonation mechanism is crucial to preserving hepatic metabolic homeostasis. However, zonation stability is disrupted in metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The pericentral venous zone (Zone 3) is the initial site of steatosis and oxidative stress due to lipid metabolism imbalance and hypoxic sensitivity, while the periportal venous zone (Zone 1) exhibits metabolic abnormalities associated with insulin resistance. Furthermore, the dissemination of inflammatory activation and fibrosis from Zone 3 to the entire lobule with zonation disruption facilitates disease progression. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the hepatocyte zonation mechanism is of enormous significance for revealing the pathogenesis, pathological evolution, and treatment strategies of MAFLD. This article systematically explains that the homeostasis of hepatocyte zonation is fundamental to maintaining a healthy liver, whereas zonation disorders are a central factor driving MAFLD progression, providing a theoretical basis for understanding pathogenesis from a spatial metabolism perspective and exploring new therapeutic strategies based on recent research findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"400-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A real-world study of clinical cure in children with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B from the Guangxi region].","authors":"R Y Lyu, J H Tian, S M Huang, M L Meng, W Y Xiang, P Y Fan, J Li, S X Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20251125-00506","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20251125-00506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"363-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on the effects of time-restricted eating on metabolic associated fatty liver disease].","authors":"Z Q Jiang, T J Wei, G X Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250529-00204","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250529-00204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease closely related to metabolic disorders. Currently, the effective pharmacological treatments are scarce. In recent years, time-restricted eating (TRE), as an emerging dietary intervention strategy, has been shown in studies to have significant preventive and therapeutic potential for diseases related to metabolic dysfunction. However, the effects of TRE on MAFLD and the underlying mechanisms remain not fully elucidated. This review briefly summarizes the present research progress of this field in terms of the effects, improvement, and mechanistic role of TRE on MAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 4","pages":"380-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}