中华肝脏病杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Gut microbiota-associated metabolites with drug-induced liver injury].","authors":"W K Gao, S Q Yan, J K Che, Y Yang, H K Chu, L Yang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250417-00146","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250417-00146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a condition that is induced by the hepatocellular toxicity of drugs or their metabolites or by hypersensitivity reactions of the liver to drugs and their metabolites. Clinical heterogeneity is high, with diverse liver injury patterns associated with drug toxicity, the body's functioning status, and individual susceptibility. The incidence rate shows an increasing trend year by year, and there is a lack of efficient and specific treatment methods. In recent years, the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites has received considerable attention in DILI. Patients with DILI exhibit imbalances in gut microbial ecology, with changes in the relative abundance of specific microbial populations and their associated metabolites (such as lipopolysaccharides, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, etc.), which can further participate in the DILI process through the \"gut-liver axis.\" Therefore, gut microbiota-targeted regulation and metabolite intervention are expected to become novel targets for DILI diagnosis and treatment. This review focuses on the impact of microbiota-associated metabolites on DILI and explores their potential value in clinical prevention and treatment, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of DILI pathogenesis and the development of novel intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 3","pages":"256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13076394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the construction and application of a novel liver organoid model for hepatitis B virus infection].","authors":"H Li, K H Xiang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250407-00125","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250407-00125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, posing a threat to human health, yet its specific pathogenic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Organoid models have shown great potential in recent years due to significant limitations in existing cellular and animal models for HBV research. The construction of in vitro liver organoid models is important for better exploring HBV pathogenic mechanisms and achieving early-stage prevention and treatment. Currently, human liver organoid (HLO) models have been explored using various differentiation and culture protocols and have been confirmed to hold enormous potential in tissue development, disease model construction, personalized medicine, drug screening, and other aspects. This article briefly outlines the characteristics, differentiations, culture strategies, and applications of the emerging HLO model, thus providing a reference value for better understanding and optimizing support to HBV research.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 3","pages":"292-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13076393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The value of the nutritional assessment index or score in prognostic evaluation for patients with liver cancer].","authors":"J C Shen, J Kang, Y Lei, D Z Zhang, D C Cai, J Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250612-00231","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250612-00231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor and a leading cause of mortality worldwide, which currently lacks standardized prognostic assessment criteria. Nutritional factors are crucial for patients with liver cancer prognosis, and there are various methods for nutritional risk screening and assessment, among which nutritional indices or scores are simple and easy to implement. In recent years, nutritional indexes or scores such as the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, Prognostic Nutritional Index, Psoas Muscle Index, and Controlling Nutritional Status Score have become research hotspots regarding their impact on the prognosis of liver cancer. This review summarizes the relevant content with the aim of enhancing understanding of nutritional status affecting the prognosis, providing a basis for improving prognosis, and offering new ideas for research on prognostic evaluation models for patients with liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 3","pages":"278-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13076385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Construction of a predictive model for recompensation in patients with decompensated viral hepatitis-induced cirrhosis].","authors":"D Q Xu, H Mu, C F Sa, Y Y Zhang, C Y Mou, L Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250124-00040","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250124-00040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the influencing factors and construct a predictive model for recompensation in patients with decompensated viral hepatitis-induced cirrhosis. <b>Methods:</b> Data were retrospectively collected from 734 cases diagnosed with decompensated hepatitis B and C-induced cirrhosis who visited the Third People's Hospital of Kunming between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2022. Patients without portal hypertension-related complications within at least one year were included in the recompensation group (<i>n</i>=270), while those without recompensation were included in the persistent decompensation group (<i>n</i>=464). Logistic regression analysis was performed on factors that influence recompensation. The discriminant power of the model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the calibration of the model was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration plot. A nomogram-based risk prediction model was established using the \"rms\" package. Continuous data were compared using the independent samples <i>t</i>-test or rank-sum test between the groups. Categorical data were compared using the <i>χ</i>² test or Fisher's exact test between the groups. <b>Results:</b> Recompensated occurred in 270 of the 734 patients with viral hepatitis cirrhosis decompensation, with an incidence rate of 36.78%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that gender [odds ratio (<i>OR</i>)=0.602, <i>P</i>=0.044], history of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (<i>OR</i>=6.517, <i>P</i>=0.005), oral administration of nonselective β receptor blockers (<i>OR</i>=2.353, <i>P</i>=0.015), sustained virological response (<i>OR</i>=4.639, <i>P</i><0.001), hemoglobin (<i>OR</i>=1.012, <i>P</i>=0.010), albumin (<i>OR</i>=1.101, <i>P</i><0.001), and portal vein width (<i>OR</i>=0.730, <i>P</i><0.001) were independent influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated viral hepatitis-induced cirrhosis. The <i>P</i> value of the constructed prediction model was >0.05 in the modeling group and the validation group, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.776 and 0.724, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Patients with decompensated viral hepatitis cirrhosis who have a history of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), sustained virological response, and oral administration of non-β-selective receptor blockers are more likely to undergo recompensation, while male patients and those with low hemoglobin, low albumin, and increased portal vein width are less likely to undergo recompensation. The constructed nomogram predictive model can effectively assess the occurrence of recompensation in patients with decompensated-stage viral hepatitis cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 3","pages":"215-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13076383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in basic and experimental diagnostic research on liver diseases in 2025​].","authors":"D B Chen, R F Yang, H S Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20260104-00004","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20260104-00004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 2","pages":"107-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A study on the efficacy and safety profile of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt received elderly patients with liver cirrhosis].","authors":"Z H Cai, Q Yin, F Zhang, Y Z Zhuge","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20251029-00463","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20251029-00463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the efficacy and safety profile of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt received by elderly patients with cirrhosis (age >75 years). <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of patients who underwent TIPS for cirrhosis at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, affiliated with Nanjing University School of Medicine, from January 2019 to December 2021. Patients were divided into an elderly group (> 75 years) and a younger group (≤ 75 years) according to age. Propensity score matching was performed in a 1∶1 ratio. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent samples t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the <i>χ</i>² test. Postoperative survival rate, rebleeding rate, and incidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method between the two patient groups. <b>Results:</b> A total of 37 elderly and 478 younger cases were screened. Propensity score matching was performed in line with a 1∶1 ratio. Finally, 32 cases were included in each group. The elderly and younger patient groups had no statistically significant differences in the 1-year postoperative rebleeding rate [9.4% (3/32) vs. 6.3% (2/32), <i>P</i>=0.562], the incidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy [37.5% (12/32) vs. 18.8% (6/32), <i>P</i>=0.060], and the survival rate [25% (8/32) vs. 15.6% (5/32), <i>P</i>=0.371]. The incidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy according to the Child-Pugh class A stratification at 1 year following surgery had no statistically significant difference between the two patient groups' liver function [12.5% (1/8) vs. 11.1% (1/9), <i>P</i>=0.896]. However, the incidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy at 1 year following surgery with Child-Pugh class B and C had a statistically significant difference between the two patient groups' liver function [45.8% (11/24) vs. 21.7% (5/23), <i>P</i>=0.037]. <b>Conclusion:</b> Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is equally safe and effective in elderly compared to younger patients. However, the incidence rate of postoperative hepatic encephalopathy is significantly higher in patients with Child-Pugh class B and C.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 2","pages":"154-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in research on metabolic associated fatty liver disease in 2025].","authors":"H Y Rao, J M Zhao, C H Yu, Y Q Mi, L Wei","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20260113-00025","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20260113-00025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 2","pages":"111-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prediction of the occurrence risk of progressive liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease based on the SMOTE algorithm and nomogram].","authors":"Y L Luo, X L Gao, J Z Wang, M Z Xiao, J X Tao, Q N Ouyang, C Xiang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241219-00627","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241219-00627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the occurrence of risk factors, construct a nomogram, and evaluate its predictive value for progressive liver fibrosis (PLF) in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). <b>Methods:</b> The clinical data of 259 MAFLD cases who visited the Obesity Department of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2022 to October 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the PLF and non-progressive liver fibrosis (NPLF) group based on whether their liver stiffness measurement (LSM) value detected by FibroTouch >12 kPa. Univariate analysis was used to screen influencing factors. The original dataset of influencing factors was reconstructed using the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) algorithm. LASSO-logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors for progressive liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients based on the SMOTE algorithm. A nomogram was constructed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Hosmer-Lemeshow calibration curves, and decision curves were plotted to evaluate the nomogram performance. <b>Results:</b> Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in terms of gender, smoking history, body mass index, visceral fat area, skeletal muscle content, basal metabolic rate, waist circumference, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), glycated hemoglobin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), ultrasound attenuation parameter (UAP), and stages of liver fatty degeneration (<i>P</i><0.05) between the PLF group and the NPLF group. LASSO-logistic regression showed that HDL-C, hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, and UAP were independent occurrence risk factors for progressive liver fibrosis in MAFLD (<i>P</i><0.05). The nomogram model constructed based on logistic regression results showed areas under the ROC curves of 0.893 (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.848-0.938), 0.802 (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.711-0.892), and 0.863 (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.815-0.911) in the SMOTE training, validation, and original datasets, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow tests showed all <i>P</i>>0.05. The calibration curves indicated substantial consistency between the model's predictions and actual results. Decision curve analysis showed that the model had high clinical benefit when the threshold probabilities were 0.02-0.87, 0.03-0.96, and 0.02-0.79, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> HDL-C, hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, and UAP levels are independent risk factors for progressive liver fibrosis. The nomogram model established on these grounds has high accuracy and can be used for early-stage identification and risk prediction of progressive liver fibrosis in patients with MAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 2","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of portal vein thrombosis formation and risk factors after endoscopic treatment in patients with esophagogastric varices in liver cirrhosis].","authors":"Y Q Cui, J X Li, Y N Sun, J P Qiu, Q H Zeng, W M Zhao, Y Yi, P L Dong, P Li, S B Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250120-00031","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20250120-00031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the incidence rate, compare the differences, and assess the risk factors for portal vein thrombosis (PVT) formation after different endoscopic treatment methods in patients with esophagogastric varices in cirrhosis. <b>Methods:</b> The laboratory, imaging, and endoscopic treatment methods data for 289 patients with esophagogastric varices in liver cirrhosis who initially received endoscopic treatment at the Endoscopy Center of You'an Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, from January 2020 to December 2022, were retrospectively included. The incidence rate of PVT within 1 year after systematic standardized endoscopic treatment was statistically analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen the risk factors for PVT formation after endoscopic treatment. The <i>t</i>-test or rank-sum test was used to compare continuous data between the two groups. The <i>χ</i>² test was used for categorical data. <b>Results:</b> The incidence rate of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) within 1 year was 20.76% (60/289) among 289 patients with esophagogastric varices in cirrhosis who underwent standard endoscopic treatment. The PVT incidence rate was 22.81% (13/57) in patients who used sclerotherapy alone and 15.22% (7/46) in patients who used ligation rings alone, with no statistically significant difference in the PVT incidence among different endoscopic treatment methods (<i>χ</i>²=2.354, <i>P</i>>0.05). Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in preoperative platelet count, spleen thickness, spleen long diameter, model for end-stage liver disease score, ascites, and smoking between the PVT group and the non-PVT group (<i>P</i><0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative platelet count [odds ratio (<i>OR</i>) = 0.988, 95% (confidence interval, <i>CI</i>): 0.979-0.998, <i>P</i> = 0.018], splenic ultrasound thickness (<i>OR</i> = 1.051, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.003-1.101, <i>P</i> = 0.038), massive ascites (<i>OR</i> = 14.153, 95%<i>CI</i>: 2.517-79.577, <i>P</i> = 0.003), and smoking (<i>OR</i> = 2.537, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.267-5.076, <i>P</i> = 0.009) were independent risk factors for PVT formation. <b>Conclusion:</b> The incidence rate of PVT is similar to the current known annual incidence rate of PVT following endoscopic treatment in patients with esophagogastric varices in liver cirrhosis, and different endoscopic treatment methods have no significant effect on PVT formation. Preoperative platelet count, spleen thickness, massive ascites, and smoking are risk factors for PVT formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 2","pages":"147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A case of segmental atrophy of the liver in children].","authors":"Y L Qiu, Y Mao, C L Lu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241205-00612","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20241205-00612","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24006,"journal":{"name":"中华肝脏病杂志","volume":"34 2","pages":"170-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}