Wear最新文献_第2页

The PVT limit for gear scuffing assessment 齿轮擦伤评估的 PVT 限值

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205557

{"title":"The PVT limit for gear scuffing assessment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing interest in gear scuffing research primarily stems from the escalating standards and operation requirements in aero-engines and electric vehicles, particularly under high-temperature, high-speed, and heavy-load conditions. Existing calculation standards for gear scuffing often deviate when evaluating the load-carrying capacity under different rotational speeds or oil temperatures, thus undermining the reliability of gear scuffing assessments. To address this, thirty-five sets of gear scuffing experiments were conducted with different materials, manufacturing processes, and lubrication conditions. A new evaluation method based on the pressure-velocity-temperature (<em>PVT</em>) limit was proposed for assessing gear scuffing resistance. Using a non-dominated genetic algorithm, exponent coefficients for the contact pressure <em>P</em>, sliding velocity <em>V</em>, and lubricant temperature <em>T</em> were determined. The results demonstrated that the proposed <em>PVT</em> limit effectively evaluates gear scuffing resistance across various conditions. The <em>PVT</em> limits across different operating scenarios, under the same material, manufacturing process, and lubrication conditions, showed a maximum deviation of 6.6%. Conversely, the scuffing temperatures calculated using ISO 6336-20-2017 and AGMA 925-A03-2003 standards deviate from experimental results by up to 36.7% and 32.8%, respectively. Further application of the <em>PVT</em> limit to an aero-engine accessory gearbox confirmed the practical applicability of the proposed method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-layer formation by oxidation and solid-state crystallization of cold sprayed amorphous coatings during dry sliding wear 冷喷涂非晶涂层在干滑动磨损过程中通过氧化和固态结晶形成的多层涂层

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205553

引用次数: 0

Resolving high-strain-rate scratch behavior of Ti6Al4V in experiment and meshless simulation 在实验和无网格模拟中解析 Ti6Al4V 的高应变速率划痕行为

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205554

{"title":"Resolving high-strain-rate scratch behavior of Ti6Al4V in experiment and meshless simulation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The outstanding strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance of titanium have made it the material of choice in the aerospace industry and medicine. The alpha–beta alloy Ti6Al4V is particularly preferred for its excellent mechanical and bio-compatible properties. Despite its advantages, the low thermal conductivity and poor tribological performance of titanium pose significant challenges during manufacturing and in operation. This research offers deep insights into the high strain rate behavior of Ti6Al4V under abrasive load, such as e.g. experienced in machining, by modifying the standard scratch test setup and using optimized Johnson–Cook material parameters to perform Material Point Method (MPM) simulations. The MPM simulations provide accurate predictions of the data gathered through high strain rate scratch experiments. We found an increase in the von Mises stress distribution as well as the normal and tangential forces required to perform a scratch of the same depth as the strain rate increases. The morphology of the scratch profiles also showed an increase in the height of the ridges that form as the scratching speed increases. These findings are in line with the increase in yield strength and work hardening with growing strain rate. This study bridges the gap between simulation models and experimental observations by providing insights for improved machining strategies and surface treatments that can enhance the performance of Ti6Al4V in demanding applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043164824003193/pdfft?md5=c90070c6cf950653a8033bb5177e95a1&pid=1-s2.0-S0043164824003193-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Through-thickness particle distribution, microstructure evolution and tribological performance of B4C/BN-AA6061 composite via friction stir processing 搅拌摩擦加工 B4C/BN-AA6061 复合材料的通厚颗粒分布、微结构演变和摩擦学性能

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205555

{"title":"Through-thickness particle distribution, microstructure evolution and tribological performance of B4C/BN-AA6061 composite via friction stir processing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we investigated the interactions between BN and B<sub>4</sub>C particles in particle reinforced Al matrix composites (PRAMCs) during friction stir processing (FSP), focusing on particle distribution, microstructure evolution, hardness, and wear resistance. PRAMCs were fabricated with BN accounting for 0 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt% and 100 wt% of the reinforcement particles. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that particle distribution varied through thickness, becoming more inhomogeneous with increasing BN mass ratio. The most uniform distribution was noted 3 mm beneath the surface, particularly in the BN-30%-3 mm sample. This sample also showed improved homogeneity in B<sub>4</sub>C distribution, as confirmed by the box-counting (BC) method. The refined grain structure due to particle stimulated nucleation (PSN) and Zener pinning contributed to an average hardness of 96.67 HV in the BN-30%-3 mm sample, significantly enhancing wear resistance. The wear rate in this sample was reduced by 97.2 % compared to the FSP-3 mm sample, likely due to finer grains, higher hardness, and increased reinforcement, which collectively reduced adhesion and fatigue wear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of pin-on-disc and inertia-dynamometer sliding tests on a friction material 摩擦材料上的盘上销和惯性动力计滑动试验对比分析

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205552

{"title":"Comparative analysis of pin-on-disc and inertia-dynamometer sliding tests on a friction material","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of modern brake systems requires the assessment of multiple aspects. Among these, parameters related to the tribological behaviour, vibration, and particulate matter emission are typically evaluated using inertia dynamometers and tribometers. While these two testing systems have been previously compared regarding emissions and tribological behaviours, vibrations were not compared, nor have all these aspects been examined simultaneously. This study investigates the scale effects between a pin-on-disc tribometer and a reduced-scale dynamometer operating under dragging conditions with two levels of pressure and velocity, and a disc temperature not exceeding 260 °C. Regarding the vibration, the pin-on-disc exhibited higher and broader values in the normal direction, 1.3–15.5 m/s<sup>2</sup>, than the reduced-scale dynamometer, 0.37–0.42 m/s<sup>2</sup>, while the tangential vibrations exceeded those in the normal direction in both systems. The wear rates in the two systems were overall similar, in the range of 1–4 e−14 m<sup>2</sup>/N. During the tests the disc temperature in the dynamometer increased at a higher rate compared to the pin-on-disc, affecting the tribological and emission behaviours: steady state values were obtained only in the pin-on-disc tests. The particulate concentration values observed during dynamometer tests better correlated with the peak values from pin-on-disc tests rather than with the steady-state values. This study highlights the importance of including transient values in the evaluation of pin-on-disc testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of structure parameters on the tribological properties of MoB/Cu laminated composites 结构参数对 MoB/Cu 层状复合材料摩擦学特性的影响

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205549

引用次数: 0

Effect of surface microstructure spacing on the cavitation erosion process of stainless steel 表面微观结构间距对不锈钢气蚀过程的影响

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205542

{"title":"Effect of surface microstructure spacing on the cavitation erosion process of stainless steel","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fabricating microstructures on the surface is an innovative method to mitigate cavitation erosion (CE), but there are few studies focus on the effects and mechanisms of microstructure spacing on CE performance. This study has prepared a regular dot array-shaped microstructure with different spacings on the surface of samples. The CE experiments were carried out on both the microstructured samples and smooth samples through a magnetostrictive-vibration cavitation facility. Mass loss measurement and microscopic morphology were utilized to reveal CE characteristics. Numerical simulation was used to study the parameters of the flow field. The results clearly show that the microstructure spacing of 0.25 mm, 0.50 mm, and 1.00 mm samples can improve CE resistance. On these microstructured surfaces, the volume fraction of vapor is reduced and the bubbles move away from it. However, when the microstructure spacing enlarges to 1.50 mm, the damage inside the microstructure groove increases, which will reduce the CE resistance of the materials. As the spacing increases, the volume fraction of vapor on the sample surfaces will increase, and the bubbles in the microstructure groove will congregate, resulting in increasing damage. The research provides the dimensional basis for designing cavitation-resistant surface microstructures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142002064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of excitation parameters on fretting wear and corrosion of 316L stainless steel under random impact-sliding condition 激励参数对随机冲击-滑动条件下 316L 不锈钢摩擦磨损和腐蚀的影响

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205541

{"title":"Effects of excitation parameters on fretting wear and corrosion of 316L stainless steel under random impact-sliding condition","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In heat exchanger applications, the random vibration due to fluid excitation can cause mechanical wear between tubes and supports. In corrosive environments, the synergy between wear and corrosion can make wear more severe. Therefore, this paper focused on the effects of excitation amplitude and excitation force ratio (drag force/lift force) on fretting wear and corrosion of 316L stainless steel under random impact-sliding conditions. The results showed that as the excitation parameters increased, the friction coefficient and total wear amount would increase, the open circuit potential (OCP) decreased and the polarization curve self-corrosion potential shifted negatively. All synergistic coefficients in this paper were greater than 1, indicating that there was an obvious positive synergy between wear and corrosion. In the fretting wear and corrosion process, pure wear always played a dominant role. Under impact-sliding conditions, as the excitation force increased, the rate of wear-promoted corrosion increased from 3.0 × 10<sup>−7</sup> to 2.0 × 10<sup>−6</sup> g/h, an increase of 6.67 times. However, the rate of corrosion-promoted wear decreased from 1.1 × 10<sup>−6</sup> to 2.0 × 10<sup>−7</sup> g/h, a decrease of 5.5 times, showing a certain self-limiting property. The total synergy rose slowly with the increase of excitation parameters. The wear mechanism of materials under impact is characterized by adhesive wear, while under impact-sliding conditions, the wear mechanism involves abrasive wear and corrosion wear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of grits interference on materials removal mechanism during scratching process of silicon carbide 碳化硅划痕过程中砂粒干涉对材料去除机理的影响

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205527

{"title":"The effect of grits interference on materials removal mechanism during scratching process of silicon carbide","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Silicon carbide (SiC) as a difficult-to-process material is hard to achieve ductile grinding completely, and is likely to occur brittle breakage with low processing efficiency, leading to its low performance, therefore, it is necessary to study its removal mechanism to improve the processing quality. The removal mechanism of single grit cutting is well understood. In the real processing of SiC, there are multiple grits at different positions to remove the materials simultaneously, but the phenomenon of materials removal by multiple grits cannot be observed separately. In order to clarify the interference behavior of neighbored grits, current study conducted a neighbored scratch experiment under varied force in sequence. The experiment evidently revealed the deformation, pits, fracture morphology and removal modes under different interference conditions. Since in-situ monitor of materials removal is unable to be realized, a numerical model with different scratch intervals by coupling the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and ﬁnite element method (FEM) was used to understand the material damage and stress distribution. Based on the observation from experimental and SPH-FEM results, a theoretical model of neighbored scratch stress field is established to explain the mechanism from plastic and fracture mechanics. From the model, the size of the plastic zone and the interval between the neighbored plastic zone are critical to control the interference mode. The interference mode affects the distribution of stress field and realizes the enhancement effect of material removal. Therefore, the materials removal model could be adopted to control the grinding efficiency and quality in industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142012706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the tribological behaviors for 4H–SiC substrate under different lubrication conditions 不同润滑条件下 4H-SiC 衬底的摩擦学行为研究

IF 5.3 1区工程技术

Wear Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205537

{"title":"Investigation of the tribological behaviors for 4H–SiC substrate under different lubrication conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lubrication conditions are an important factor affecting both the machining efficiency and quality of 4H–SiC. To investigate the tribological behaviors under different lubrication conditions, a series of scratching experiments are conducted under different loads and environments. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) surveys and atomistic simulations are used to explain the different tribological behaviors. Both experimental and simulation results show that liquid lubrication can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction (COF) and minimize structural damage. Compared to pure water, the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution is more conducive to the oxidation of SiC atoms and the modification of tribological behaviors. However, the difference in tribological behaviors between H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution and pure water diminishes as the load increases. The XPS surveys show that the liquids lead to higher-order oxidized species of SiC atoms, such as Si<sub>4</sub>C<sub>4-x</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and Si-O<sub>x</sub>-C<sub>y</sub>, which are also observed in the simulation results. It is shown that the oxidized species can reduce the direct bonding between SiC and diamond indenter, which is an important reason for the lower COFs in the liquids. Since the liquids can reduce the direct bonding and mechanical interaction between 4H–SiC and diamond, the material removal rate is much lower under lubrication conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0