Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Effect of spraying with the extract of the local anemone coronaria flowers and isoflurane in reducing the economic losses caused by stress of transporting broiler","authors":"Mohammed Al Tamimi, A. Shanoun, M. Mohammed","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14104","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the extract on the transport stress of broiler chickens transported during different seasons of the year was experimentally studied. During the months of February, March, July, August, and different regions of Iraq, with a density of 10 or 12 birds per cage, as the Ross 308 birds were divided into 10 treatments per move and three replicates for each treatment. The T1 treatment was control without spraying, and the number of birds was 10 in the cage. T2 control without spraying and the number of birds 12 in the cage. T3 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 2% and the number of birds is 10 in the cage. T4 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 4% and the number of birds 10 in the cage. T5 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 6% and the number of birds 10 in the cage. T6 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 2%. The number of birds is 12 in the cage. T7 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 4%. The number of birds is 12 in the cage. T8 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 6% and the number of birds is 12 in the cage. T9 Spraying birds with isoflurane at a concentration of 6%, the number of birds is 10 per cage. T10 Spraying birds with isoflurane at a concentration of 6%. The number of birds is 12 per cage ,The birds were sprayed for 5 minutes before the transfer process, according to the above treatments, and the duration of one transfer was 240 minutes ± 10 minutes, from the results of the field experiment, it can be noted that there was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the rate of weight loss during the months of February and March, as the spraying treatments T5, T9, T10 recorded (81, 76, 78) grams, respectively, compared with the treatments T1, T2 (108, 109) grams, respectively, and this was reflected in the percentage of weight loss, as it recorded T5,T9, and T10 (3.01, 2.90, 3.19)% compared to the treatments T1, T2 (4.04, 4.07)%. While T5,T9 and T10 recorded (319.95,300.20, 308.10) Iraqi dinars are the least financial losses for the month of March, but during the summer season, it is noted that the lost weight decreased during the months of July and August in transactions T5,T9and T10 (186,180, 187,) gm, respectively, compared with T1, T2 (216, 220) gm Respectively, it is also noted that the percentage of loss in these transactions decreased, as it recorded T5,T9, T10, (7.71,7.11, 7.36,)%, respectively. It is noted that financial losses decreased in these transactions during the month of August, as it recorded T5, T9 and T10 (734.70, 711.00, 738.65) Iraqi dinars, respectively, compared with T1, T2 (853.200, 869.00) Iraqi dinars, respectively","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129257632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extension knowledge needs of farmers in the field of extensional recommendations for the use of agricultural pesticides in sharbazher district - Sulaymaniyah Governorate","authors":"Mohammed Sakina","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14102","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to determine extension knowledge training needs of farmers in the field of extensional recommendations for the use of agricultural pesticides and their effects. The research data was collected using a questionnaire by personal interview for a random sample consisting of 123 farmers representing 5% of the research population (2455), which were. To measure the validity of the research tool, it was presented to specialists in the fields of extension and plant protection, the reliability coefficient was calculated through an exploratory sample outside the study sample by split half method, and its value was (0.82). After final modifications, the questionnaire was used to collect data from the research sample. Finally, the software SPSS ver22 was used for data analysis. The results showed that the majority of farmers their extension knowledge training needs were medium, the economic effects occupied the first rank in terms of training needs, while the environmental effects occupied the last rank.as well as the results appeared there is a significant difference in training needs according factors (land area, family help, training courses), while no significant differences according to variables (age, level of education, the amount of pesticide use, use alternative of pesticide, source of information). The research recommended increasing training activities in the field of agricultural pesticides according to their training needs, focusing the courses on the economic effect aspects, and paying more attention to farmers to participate in training courses in this field and urging them to use alternatives to pesticides.","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127892023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of several genotypes of bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. to levels of silica fertilizer","authors":"Sazan Faraj, Khalid Aljubouri","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14117","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station in the Sayada area of ​​the College of Agriculture – at the University of Kirkuk for the winter season 2021/2022 by randomizing complete block design with a split-plot system with 30 experimental units per block to stndy the effect of spraying three levels of silica fertilizer (0, 2, and 4) ml.l-1 and ten wheat genotypes which are (Wafia, Al-Fayadh, Abu Ghraib 3, Baghdad, Jihan 99, Adana, Sham 6, Bora, Al-Rashid, and Monnellsa). The results showed that there were significant differences between the levels of silica fertilizer in all the studied traits, where (4 ml.l-1) of silica with Sham6 was superior in the traits of the biological yield (19.79 ton.ha-1), the interaction was significant for all the studied traits, where the genotype was superior in relation to the interaction levels of spraying with silica fertilizer of (0 ml.l-1) silica with the genotype (Baghdad1) was superior in the number of effective tillers (514.67 m-2) The number of spikes (454.10 spikes.m-2) and the protein percentage (16.35) also exceeded the concentration of (4 ml.l-1) silica with the genotype (Baghdad1) in the weight of 1000 grains (48.86).","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"4 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128604716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spraying with local anemone coronaria flower extract and isoflurane and its effect on the physiological characteristics of broiler chickens transported during different seasons","authors":"Mohammed Al Tamimi, A. Shanoun, M. Mohammed","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14105","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the extract Anemone coronaria and Isoflurane on the transport stress of broiler chickens transported during different seasons of the year was tested, The field experiment was conducted throughout the different seasons of the year during the months of February, March, July, August and with different densities in the transport cage. where the birds of type 308 ROSS were divided by 10 treatments for each transfer and three replicates for each treatment. And as follows, T1 control without spraying and 10 birds per cage. T2 control without spraying and the number of birds 12 in the cage. T3 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 2% and the number of birds is 10 in the cage. T4 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 4% and the number of birds 10 in the cage. T5 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 6% and the number of birds 10 in the cage. T6 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 2%. The number of birds is 12 in the cage. T7 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 4%. The number of birds is 12 in the cage. T8 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 6% and the number of birds is 12 in the cage. T9 Spraying birds with isoflurane at a concentration of 6%, the number of birds is 10 per cage. T10 Spraying birds with isoflurane at a concentration of 6%. The number of birds is 12 per cage ,The birds were sprayed for 5 minutes before the transfer process, according to the above treatments, and the duration of one transfer was 240 minutes ± 10 minutes,while these transactions led to a highly significant decrease (p>0.01) in the general rate of heterophile, as it recorded (34.79, 35.20 , 36.03%), respectively, compared with the two control treatments (38.62, 38.87) and in the heterophile/lymphocide ratio, as T9, T10, T5 recorded (0.66, 0.67, 0.69) compared with T1, T2 (0.78, 0.79), as well as a highly significant decrease in glucose (p>0.01), as T9, T10, and T5 were recorded (198.82, 200.64, 205.83) compared to T1, T2 (226.71, 229.24). A highly significant (p>0.01) superiority was observed in lymphocytes, as T9, T10, and T5 were recorded. (52.79, 52.56, 52.24) compared to T1 and T2 (49.08, 48.64)%, respectively. As for hemoglobin, T9, T10, T5 (9.42, 9.39, 9.02) gm/100 ml were superior to T1, T2 (8.99, 8.96) gm/100 ml. As well as a significant superiority in the percentage of packed volume cells, as it recorded T9, T10, T5 (34.15, 34.04, 33.06) compared with T1, T2 (30.96, 29.59)%, respectively.Also, there is a crease in the total protein concentration (2.71, 2.62, 2.50, ) g/dl compared with T1 and T2 (2.06, 2.00) g/dl, respectively. It is noted from this experiment that the treatments of isoflurane and Anemone coronaria extract led to ","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128610525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of adding apple cider vinegar and garlic to chicken meat kebabs as an antimicrobial and its role in improving its sensory and physiochemical properties","authors":"Y. Al-Hadidy, S. Oleiwi, Anwer Khalaf, H. Saleh","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14110","url":null,"abstract":"Making apple cider vinegar with garlic puree added to it and studying the effect of its antimicrobial, organoleptic and physiochemical properties on chicken thigh meat prepared for making kebabs under refrigeration. The chicken thigh meat was immersed in apple cider vinegar and garlic at concentrations of (50, 70, 100)%, while the control sample was immersed in distilled water. The meat samples were placed in polyethylene bags and kept in refrigeration at 5°C for 11 days. Some organoleptic tests such as color, flavour, taste, general acceptability and microbial tests were performed and included The total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, proteolytic bacteria, and the physiochemical tests of moisture, pH, and total volatile nitrogen، during the storage period, the effectiveness of vinegar with garlic puree against some bacterial species was tested by diffusion method, Pseudomonas florescence , Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed a decrease in microbial numbers after the seventh day of cryopreservation, compared to the number after the first day, for all bacterial species examined and for all concentrations used. It was observed that their numbers increased after the eleventh day of preservation, indicating spoilage and microbial spoilage of the kebabs. An improvement in the sensory characteristics and for all concentrations was observed with the vinegar used compared with the control model. and a decrease in the humidity and pH levels was noted, as well as an increase in the percentage of total volatile nitrogen on the eleventh day, indicating the start of proteolysis and the deterioration of the kebab product during that period. The results showed a variable effect on the inhibition ability according to the concentration used and the type of bacteria tested, which increased with the increase in the concentration used, and the highest inhibition diameter was 29 mm towards Staph bacteria. aureus at 50% concentration. The lowest inhibition diameter was 10 mm against E.coli and Pseudo. florescence at concentration 30 %.","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130936356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of petroleum wastes in water and local environment in Melut and Maban Counties - Upper Nile State- South Sudan","authors":"A. Ajak, A. Abdalla, M. Elagab","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14115","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate the effects of petroleum waste in wastewater and local environment in Melut and Maban Counties in South Sudan. Population of the study is 30,000 people. 265 respondents were selected randomly as a sample of the study. Variables were, wastewater status of citizen, health and effects on the local environment. Data were collected through survey, involving (primary data) which were collected by using questionnaire and (laboratory data) which were collected from waste water in three locations. (SPSS) was used for primary data analysis by using descriptive statistics, while for the laboratory data, Atomic absorption Spectroscopy (AAS700) was used for detecting Hg, As, Pb, Fe and Mn elements levels in wastewater samples. Findings of the primary data showed 94.1% of residents’ respondents noticed the decrease of rains in the study area and 65.9% of them noticed the decrease of temperature. 86.2% of public health employees respondents reported defections of newly born children, 93.8% of them reported infant’s mortality. 90.8% of them reported infertility infections. 75.4% of them reported eyes and skin allergy infections and 66.2% of them reported teeth decay and hair falling infections. 67.7% of the national resource’s employees’ respondents noticed animals drink the wastewater and 83.1% of them reported the death of birds around the petroleum pits. while the laboratory data indicates presence of (Hg, As and Pb) in higher levels compared to the normal international allowed one in wastewater, and the level of (Fe and Mn) were lower. Recommendations are includes avoiding using wastewater near the petroleum wells, treatment of the wastewater for human and animals using and Petroleum companies must abide to the rules of the petroleum work and they have to contribute in the development of local community and awareness.","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134536810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The level of environmental knowledge among farmers during farming practice in the Sharazur Plain - Sulaimani Governorate","authors":"Naxshawan Shexani, T. Layeeq","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14101","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to identify the level of environmental knowledge among farmers during farming practice in the Sharzour Plain, Sulaimani governorate, to identify the correlation between the level of environmental knowledge and the independent variables. The research population included all farmers in the villages of Shahrzour district in the Sulaimani governorate, whose number is (2735) farmers distributed in (47) villages, A simple random sample was taken from the villages at a rate of (51%) at the rate of (24) villages, and the number of farmers in these villages reached (1615) farmers, Then a simple random sample (20%) was taken from the research population, so research sample size was (323) farmers, The results showed that most of the respondents had a mid-level of knowledge tending to go down, also showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of environmental knowledge and each variable of the following (age, level of education, Sources of agricultural information, size of farm holding, Environmental training courses, participation in environmental activities), while no significant relationship appeared between the level of environmental knowledge and the variables (Years of experience in agriculture, type of farm holding, farmers' attitudes towards environmental protection). Therefore, the researcher suggests escalating training courses in the field of agricultural environment, for the agricultural extension body to disseminate knowledge and experience related to the development of the agricultural environment.","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129467180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on protecting the environment from pollution with chemical pesticides","authors":"Mithal Abdul Latif, A. Al-Salhi, Yahya Kata, Mutasim Muhammad","doi":"10.58928/ku23.14118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku23.14118","url":null,"abstract":"The research aimed to determine the role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on the protection of the rural environment from pollution with chemical pesticides working in the Department of Agricultural Extension and Training and the Department of Agricultural Extension in the directorates of agriculture of Najaf and Qadisiyah, and to determine the role of the agricultural extension in the axis of farmers' use of the correct methods to protect the rural environment from pollution with chemical pesticides and the axis of the reasons that lead farmers to pollute the rural environment with chemical pesticides, and to achieve the objectives of this research prepared A questionnaire in the light of reviewing the relevant literature, legislation, laws and guidance bulletins, consisting of (72) items distributed on (3) axes, namely, the role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on protecting the rural environment from chemical pesticide pollution, the axis of the role of the agricultural extension in the use of farmers the correct methods to protect the rural environment from pesticide pollution, and the axis of the reasons that lead farmers to pollute the rural environment with pesticides, data were collected during the months of July and August / 20 22 by the questionnaire in a personal interview method from a random sample by (100) by (60) agricultural extension, and the results of the research showed that the rate of the role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on environmental protection, The workers in the Department of Agricultural Extension and Training and the agricultural extension departments in the directorates of agriculture of Najaf and Qadisiyah amounted to (58.9 degrees and that the highest percentage was (60%) and falls within the category of the large role , and the results also showed a large role tends to the average in the axis of farmers' use of the correct methods to protect the rural environment from chemical pesticide pollution by (46.7%), The results showed a medium role tends to weak in the axis of the reasons that lead farmers to pollute the rural environment with chemical pesticides by (45), the researchers recommend the adoption of this study by the Ministries of Agriculture and Health and Environment and the need to pay attention to the issue of protecting the rural environment from pollution with chemical pesticides by expanding the scope of training courses, extension seminars and printing guidance bulletins related to this topic to increase and strengthen the role of agricultural extension workers in this field.","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115088259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Obstacles Facing the Backyard Chicken Breeders in Some Villages of Bamerny Sub-District of Duhok Governorate","authors":"Ismael Taha, H. Murad, S. Amin, R. Hamid","doi":"10.58928/ku22.13401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58928/ku22.13401","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in the Bamerny sub-district of Duhok Governorate to identify the extent obstacles facing backyard chicken breeders. Sixty chicken breeders were comprehensive selected. Questionnaire of three fields of obstacles facing chicken breeders: production, marketing, and diseases, covering 16 obstacles was prepared. The results showed that (60%) of the respondents mentioned that the obstacles they face are medium and large size obstacles. The results also indicate that the obstacle (high cost of transportation) ranked first among (16) with an average of (4.017), while the obstacle (inappropriate environmental conditions) came in the last rank, with an average of (1.59). The results also shows that most of the respondents were younger than 30 years (46.6%) and had been educated beyond Primary and diploma levels (25%). As clear most of the respondents (70%) had experience in chicken production was ten years and more. The results illustrate that for most of the respondents (58.3%) their chicken houses capacity was between 20- 52 birds. The results of the research showed that the level of Sources of information used in chickens’ production (53.3%) degrees, in a small group. problems and obstacles facing the individual backyard chicken breeders can be addressed a supported through government agencies, active extension services, and stakeholders to solve their problems, access relevant information, and uptake improved management techniques.","PeriodicalId":239337,"journal":{"name":"Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115188030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}