Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A最新文献

{"title":"New expressions for the Aharonov–Bohm phase and consequences for the fundamentals of quantum mechanics","authors":"A. Kholmetskii, T. Yarman, O. Missevitch","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0297","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We focus on new expressions for the Aharonov–Bohm (AB) phase proposed recently by C. Marletto and V. Vedral (Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 040401 (2020)) and by our team (A. L. Kholmetskii et al., Ann. Phys., 434, 168627 (2021)). We emphasize the mismatch between the standard expression for the electric component of the AB phase and the expression by Marletto and Vedral for this component, which, as we show, has fundamental roots and indicates the need to use different expressions for the Hamiltonian of the radiative component and bound component of the electromagnetic (EM) field. We further show that the corrected expression for the AB phase of Marletto and Vedral and our expression for the AB phase do not coincide with its standard representation through the potentials of EM field (Y. Aharonov, D. Bohm, Phys. Rev. 115 (1959) 485) and contain additional terms, which straightforwardly allow to re-express the AB phase via electric and magnetic fields instead of scalar and vector potentials. The recognition of the field-dependent origin of the AB effect also requires to re-express the Hamiltonian of a charged particle through the EM field, which we show can be done in the only possible way. We discuss the physical meaning of the AB effect with the primary role of the EM field and also discuss some general quantum mechanical implications.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"51 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bifurcation and stability analysis of atherosclerosis disease model characterizing the anti-oxidative activity of HDL during short- and long-time evolution","authors":"Asish Adak, Debasmita Mukherjee, Praveen Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0331","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, a partial differential equation (PDE) model for atherosclerosis disease is presented that analyzes the anti-oxidative activity of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) during the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process. The model thoroughly investigates the complex interplay between oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and high-density lipoprotein in the context of atherosclerosis, emphasizing their combined impact on plaque formation, disease progression, and regression. In addition to this, we considered that monocytes are also attracted by the presence of ox-LDL within the intima. Detailed discussions on stability analyses of the reaction dynamical system at non-inflammatory and chronic equilibrium are provided, followed by a bifurcation analysis for the proposed system. Furthermore, stability analysis for the PDE model in the presence of diffusion is conducted. Our study reveals that the oxidation rate of LDL by monocytes (δ) and the influx rate of HDL (ϕ) due to drugs/diet are primarily responsible for the existence of bi-stability of equilibrium points. In the numerical results, we observe that non-inflammatory or chronic equilibrium points exist for either a short or a long time, and these findings are validated with existing results. The biological elucidation shows the novelty in terms of enhancing our ability to assess intervention efficacy to generate therapeutic strategies resulting in the reduction of the atherosclerotic burden and associated cardiovascular risks.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetoacoustics and magnetic quantization of Fermi states in relativistic plasmas","authors":"Ahsan Iqbal, A. Rasheed, Areeb Fatima, Sumera Perveen, B. Ramzan, M. Jamil","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0224","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dispersive characteristics of electromagnetic sound waves with frequencies less than the electron and ion gyro-frequencies are studied herein analytically and numerically at astrophysical scales. Magnetic quantization of Fermi states is concerned with the degenerate relativistic electrons fluid treated by quantum hydrodynamic model (QHD). The quantum features are included from Landau quantized Fermi pressure dependent upon the dc magnetic field, whereas the ions are treated as nondegenerate and classical. The numerical analysis verifies the analytical results. The phase speed of magnetosonic waves for relativistic degenerate plasma typically for white dwarf stars parameters is depicted from the graphical figures. In this manuscript, an overlooked feature of quantization, that is Landau quantization, is mainly focused for magnetoacoustics in plasmas.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-to-one internal resonances of stepped nanobeam of nonlinearity","authors":"Mustafa Oguz Nalbant, Süleyman Murat Bağdatli, Ayla Tekin","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0215","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, vibrations of stepped nanobeams were investigated according to Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory. Multi-time scale method, which is one of the perturbation methods, has been applied to solve dimensionless state equations. The solution is considered in two steps. First-order terms obtained from the perturbation expansion formed the linear problem in the first step. In the second step, the solution of the second order of the perturbation expansion was made and nonlinear terms emerged as corrections to the linear problem from this solution. The main issue that the study wants to emphasize is the examination of the mechanical effects of the steps, which are discontinuities encountered at the nanoscale, on the system. For this purpose, while the findings of the research were obtained, various nonlocal parameter values were obtained to capture the nano-scale effect, and frequency-response and nonlinear frequency-amplitude curves corresponding to the 1st Mode values of the beam for different step ratios and step locations were obtained to capture the step effect. One of the important features of the nonlinear system is the formation of internal resonance between the modes of the system. How this situation affects the characteristics of the system has also been examined and results have been given by graphs. The obtained data show that taking into account the nanoscale step is essential for the accuracy and sensitivity of many nanostructures such as sensors, actuators, biostructures, switches, etc. that are likely to be produced at the nanoscale in practice.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"66 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended calculations of energy levels and transition rates for Yb LVII","authors":"Feng Hu, Yan Sun, Maofei Mei, Yufei Lu, Miao Wu, Zhi Feng Yin","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0256","url":null,"abstract":"Extended energy levels and transition data for the Yb LVII are calculated with the GRASP2018 package, which is based on the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock and relativistic configuration methods. Complete and consistent data sets of energy levels, transition rates and lifetimes for electric-dipole (E1), electric-quadrupole (E2), magnetic-dipole (M1), and magnetic-quadrupole (M2) transitions among all these levels are given in this calculation. Three methods of uncertainty estimators are used to evaluate the accuracy of transition data. The computed results are also compared with other theoretical computations. The present results are reported as benchmarks for future calculations and measurements.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"315 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139092772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red luminescence properties of Na5Y(WO4)4 doped with Eu3+ and alkali metal ions","authors":"Chenyuan Yuan, Guoying Feng, Qiangshen Chen","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0270","url":null,"abstract":"Na<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>Y(WO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>: 6 % Eu<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>, 6 % R<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> (R = Li, Na, K) phosphors were synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Through a series of characterization methods, the crystal structure, morphology, composition, and luminescence properties of the sample are obtained. At the same time, the properties of Na<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>Y(WO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>: Eu<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> phosphor added with alkali metal ions such as Li<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>, Na<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> were also studied. The experiment showed the red light emission and fluorescence lifetime of Na<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>Y(WO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>: 6 % Eu<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> are improved through the doping of low concentration alkali metal agents, and Na<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>Y(WO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>: 6 % Eu<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>, 6 % Li<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> obtained the strongest red light emission intensity. The results indicate that the red emissions intensity of Na<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>Y(WO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>: Eu<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> can be enhanced through the Li<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> alkali metal agents, which may lead to less use of Y<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> and hence lower cost.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139096578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The absorbing boundary conditions of Newtonian fluid flowing across a semi-infinite plate with different velocities and pressures","authors":"Lin Liu, Jiajia Li, Jingyu Yang, Jihong Wang, Yu Wang, Siyu Chen, Libo Feng, Chiyu Xie, Jing Zhu","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0258","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Newtonian fluid flowing across a semi-infinite plate with variable velocity and pressure is considered in this work. The dimensionless governing equation is obtained by introducing the dimensionless quantities. For infinite region, the artificial boundary approach by using the Laplace transform is applied to gain the absorbing boundary condition (ABC) in a finite region which we call the inner region. The approach differs from the traditional approximation method for infinite boundaries with large values and is first applied to the research. And the stability of the ABC is verified by considering the same point of the outer region and inner region. The numerical difference scheme by using the L1-scheme to approximate the fractional derivative is used to get solutions, and the feasibility assessments, such as stability and convergence, are developed. Three numerical examples are given. In the first example, the exact solution is gained by importing a source term. Through the comparison of numerical solution with exact solution verifies the accuracy of difference method. A comparison between the velocity distribution of the ABC and the infinite boundary approximated by a large value is also discussed and graphically analyzed. In the following two examples, by analyzing the fluid flow over the plate with assorted speeds or pressure gradient, the impact of correlative parameters on the velocity distribution and the flow mechanism are thoroughly analyzed.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally friendly reduction of graphene oxide using the plant extract of novel Chromolaena odorata and evaluation of adsorption capacity on methylene blue dye","authors":"Parvathi Edayillam, Dilraj Nidooli, Arjun Ganesh, Akshaya Chalil Veettil, Deepak Nangarath Kannoth","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0209","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Chromolaena odorata</jats:italic> is an extremely allelopathic and commonly available herb that conquers neighbouring vegetation, and research is being conducted to utilize it for a wide diversity of applications. In the current study, methylene blue dye (MB) is decomposed by exploring the suitability of novel <jats:italic>C. odorata for achieving reduced</jats:italic> graphene oxide (RGO) through a simplistic green synthesis method. <jats:italic>C. odorata</jats:italic> assisted RGO is characterized using X-ray diffraction study, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible spectrophotometry, photoluminescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These characterizations indicate that the synthesized RGO has a UV–visible absorbance peak at 270 nm, an X-ray diffraction reflection peak at 2<jats:italic>θ</jats:italic> = 2.12°, and a Raman spectrum having an <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>D</jats:italic> </jats:sub>/<jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>G</jats:italic> </jats:sub> ratio of nearly 0.98. Moreover, the RGO sample exhibits excellent MB dye scavenging efficiency having an adsorption amount of 300 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics is also investigated which established that adsorption fits very well with pseudo-second-order kinetics. Furthermore, the thermodynamics behaviour of the RGO sample has been carried out and demonstrated that adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous. The present study offers appropriate visions for the eco-friendly reduction of graphene oxide by <jats:italic>C. odorata</jats:italic> and utilizing it for the remediation of organic dye.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of wiggler magnetic field on wakefield excitation and electron energy gain in laser wakefield acceleration","authors":"Vivek Sharma, Sandeep Kumar, Niti Kant, Vishal Thakur","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0238","url":null,"abstract":"Laser wakefield acceleration is a frequently utilised research methodology for enhancing the energy levels of lighter charged particles, specifically electrons, to relativistic magnitudes. In this investigation, we utilised a linear polarised Gaussian-like laser pulse that propagated along the <jats:italic>z</jats:italic>-axis through cold collisionless underdense plasma in weakly nonlinear regime. An external planer magnetic wiggler field is applied along the <jats:italic>y</jats:italic>-axis. The influence of various critical parameters, such as amplitude and propagation constant of wiggler magnetic field, amplitude of laser electric field and laser pulse length on the wakefield and electron energy gain has been studied. A wiggler-assisted laser wakefield accelerator, the electron energy and wakefield evolution can be tuned by the wiggler magnetic field strength. The numerical findings demonstrate that by varying the strength of wiggler magnetic field and laser electric field, the amplitude of the wakefield is affected significantly. Furthermore, the equality of the order of pulse length and plasma wavelength is essential to obtain energy efficient acceleration mechanism. By employing specific parameters, a maximum energy increase of 2.26 GeV is achieved. This research will aid in the development of an energy-efficient electron acceleration technology by choosing suitable laser and plasma parameters.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138824139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optoelectronics and thermoelectric performances in CuX (X = F, Cl, Br, and I)","authors":"Torkia Ghellab, Zoulikha Charifi, Hakim Baaziz, Nadjia Latelli","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0237","url":null,"abstract":"The current study focused on examining the structural, mechanical, and optoelectronic properties of CuF, CuCl, CuBr, and CuI by the utilisation of the FP-LAPW method. The calculations reveal that GGA is a better fit than LDA for evaluating structural characteristics, including lattice parameters and bulk modulus. The examination of the band structure reveals that CuF exhibits metallic behaviour, whilst the compounds CuCl, CuBr, and CuI exhibit semiconducting properties, characterised by direct fundamental gaps (Γ → Γ) of 0.516, 0.425, and 1.049 eV, respectively. The peak absorption values for CuCl, CuBr, and CuI are located at 10.68 eV, 9.53 eV, and 7.68 eV, respectively. All materials have ultraviolet absorption peaks. Therefore, the compounds demonstrate substantial absorption in the low- and mid-ultraviolet wavelengths. The four compounds exhibit anisotropic properties, possess ductility, and demonstrate mechanical stability. These entities possess the ability to endure a wide range of temperatures. The thermoelectric performance of the three semiconductors, CuCl, CuBr, and CuI, was investigated. At 300 K, the <jats:italic>k</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>L</jats:italic> </jats:sub> values for CuBr, CuCl, and CuI, are 2.89 W/mK, 3.98 W/mK, and 3.56 W/mK, and the Gruneisen values are as follows: <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> (CuCl) = 2.4087, <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> (CuBr) = 2.4747, and <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> (CuI) = 2.1962. At a temperature of 600 K, the <jats:italic>k</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>T</jats:italic> </jats:sub> value is found to be relatively low. The measured values for the <jats:italic>k</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>T</jats:italic> </jats:sub> of CuCl, CuBr, and CuI are around 1.7818 W m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> K<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, 1.5109 W m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> K<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, and 2.8580 W m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> K<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, respectively. At a temperature of 300 K, the Seebeck coefficients (<jats:italic>S</jats:italic>) for CuCl, CuBr, and CuI are measured to be 1192.7964 μV/K, 1170.5882 μV/K, and −65.7454 μV/K, respectively. At a temperature of 800 K, the <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-type compound CuBr exhibits a maximum figure of merit (ZT) value of 0.6691, corresponding to a charge carrier concentration of 31.7926 × 10<jats:sup>20</jats:sup> cm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>. The CuCl and CuI compounds exhibit the maximum ZT values of 0.52043 and 0.5609, respectively. In order to achieve the desired results, it is necessary to decrease the charge carrier concentration in CuCl to <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 0.514 × 10<jats:sup>22</jats:sup> cm<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup> and increase the charge carrier concentration in CuI to <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 9.686 × 10<jats:sup>22</jats:sup> cm<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>; alternatively, the chemical potentials should be decreased by 0.2563 Ryd and 0.3974 Ryd, respectively.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"252 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}