Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A最新文献

{"title":"Two curvature sensors based on no-core–seven-core fiber interference","authors":"Yifan Ran, Siyao Niu, Shishi Xu, Wenlin Feng, Pengming Cheng","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0333","url":null,"abstract":"Using the no-core fiber (NCF)–seven-core fiber (SCF) interference structure, two curvature sensors of Michelson interference type and Mach–Zehnder interference (MZI) type are proposed, respectively. The curvature sensor based on Michelson interference shows wavelength-modulation characteristics, the sensitivity is about −22.76 nm/m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> with a linearity of 0.9823, the temperature sensitivity is only 0.054 nm/°C, and the effect of temperature on curvature can be negligible. The MZI sensor based on an enlarged taper-embedded cascaded structure is an intensity-modulated sensor. The sensitivities are −63.6271 dB m/m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 93.3293 dBm/m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> for the forward and reverse curvature, respectively, and the linearities are 0.9987 and 0.9930, respectively. But the strain sensitivity (8.357 × 10<jats:sup>−4</jats:sup> dBm/με) of the MZI sensor is so tiny, which can avoid the strain cross effect. The two sensors can be used in the detection of the curvature at different (temperature/strain) conditions.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139917791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of 90,92Zr(n,γ)91,93Zr in the s-process nucleosynthesis","authors":"Abdul Kabir, Zain Ul Abideen, Jameel-Un Nabi, Dawar Khan","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0175","url":null,"abstract":"The neutron capture rates and Maxwellian-averaged cross-sections (MACS) for <jats:sup>90</jats:sup>Zr(<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>γ</jats:italic>)<jats:sup>91</jats:sup>Zr and <jats:sup>92</jats:sup>Zr(<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>γ</jats:italic>)<jats:sup>93</jats:sup>Zr processes have been computed within the framework of Talys v1.96. The effects of phenomenological nuclear level density (NLD) parameters and the gamma strength functions (GSFs) on Maxwellian-averaged cross-sections and neutron capture rates are examined both quantitatively and qualitatively. The present model-based computed data for MACS and reaction rates gives a good comparison with the existing literature. The fine-tuning of the statistical model’s nuclear properties (level density and gamma-ray strength) to reproduce experimental data will allow the detailed investigation of the <jats:italic>s</jats:italic>-process network.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139917793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traveling wavefronts in an anomalous diffusion predator–prey model","authors":"Asmaa H. Abobakr, Hussien S. Hussien, Mahmoud B. A. Mansour, Hillal M. Elshehabey","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0306","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study traveling wavefronts in an anomalous diffusion predator–prey model with the modified Leslie–Gower and Holling-type II schemes. We perform a traveling wave analysis to show that the model has heteroclinic trajectories connecting two steady state solutions of the resulting system of fractional partial differential equations and corresponding to traveling wavefronts. This also includes numerical results to show the existence of traveling wavefronts. Furthermore, we obtain the numerical time-dependent solutions in order to show the evolution of wavefronts. We find that wavefronts exist that travel faster in the anomalous subdiffusive regime than in the normal diffusive one. Our results emphasize that the main properties of traveling waves and invasions are altered by anomalous subdiffusion in this model.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139767143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations on the EPR parameters and local structures for the substitutional Ti3+ and W5+ centers in stishovite","authors":"Fu Chen, Zifa Zhou, Jin Zhang, Cuidi Feng","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0320","url":null,"abstract":"Local structures and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters (<jats:italic>g</jats:italic> factors <jats:italic>g</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>x</jats:italic> </jats:sub>, <jats:italic>g</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>y</jats:italic> </jats:sub>, and <jats:italic>g</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>z</jats:italic> </jats:sub>) for the substitutional Ti<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> and W<jats:sup>5+</jats:sup> centers in stishovite are theoretically investigated by using the high-order perturbation formulas of these parameters for a d<jats:sup>1</jats:sup> ion in rhombically compressed octahedra. In the calculation formulas, the related molecular orbital coefficients are obtained from the cluster approach, and the relevant crystal-field (CF) parameters are determined from the superposition model, which enables to connect these CF parameters and, hence, the studied <jats:italic>g</jats:italic> factors with the local structures of the Ti<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> and W<jats:sup>5+</jats:sup> centers in stishovite. Based on the calculations, the impurity–ligand bond lengths parallel and perpendicular to the <jats:italic>C</jats:italic> <jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-axis are found to be <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>′<jats:sub>||</jats:sub> (≈1.751 and 1.717 Å) and <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>′<jats:sub>⊥</jats:sub> (≈1.788 and 1.806 Å) with the planar bond angles <jats:italic>θ</jats:italic>′ (≈89.0° and 88.2°) for the studied [TiO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>]<jats:sup>9−</jats:sup> and [WO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>]<jats:sup>7−</jats:sup> clusters, respectively. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the validity of the results is discussed.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139767407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing charge transport and photoluminescence characteristics via transition metals doping in ITO thin films","authors":"Ghazi Aman Nowsherwan, Muhammad Ahmad, Rub Nawaz Bhuttee, Maryam Tahir, Muhammad Azhar, Sabah Haider, Nadia Anwar, Muhammad Bilal, Sabeen Ameen, Syed Sajjad Hussain, Saira Riaz, Shahzad Naseem","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0214","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the synthesis and characterization of pristine and transition metal (Co, Fe, and Zr)-doped indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films fabricated via RF magnetron sputtering. The effect of transition metal doping on ITO thin films properties was comprehensively examined using numerous spectroscopic and microscopic methods such as XRD, FTIR, and SEM coupled with EDX, UV–visible and PL spectroscopy, and four-probe and <jats:italic>J</jats:italic>–<jats:italic>V</jats:italic> measurements. The cubic crystal structure of the materials was confirmed through XRD spectroscopy, while FTIR results validated the existence of chemical bonds, signified by sharp peaks at 608 cm<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 667 cm<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> in the fingerprint region. SEM imaging revealed a granular-like agglomerated structure, with EDX confirming the elemental composition of the samples. The incorporation of Co, Fe, and Zr ions into ITO is aimed at improving photoconductivity and the optical bandgap, with the ultimate objective of enhancing performance in photovoltaic applications. Our findings showed a significant decrease in optical transmission in the visible spectrum. The bandgap also experienced a minor decrease from 3.67 eV to 3.53 eV. Analysis of the photoluminescence spectra exhibited the majority of emission peaks in the UV region, ascribed to electronic transitions occurring via band-to-band and band-to-impurity interactions within the ITO. Electrical measurements indicated lower resistance, higher current flow, and increased carrier concentration in transition metals–doped ITO compared to the undoped ITO, with Zr-doped ITO exhibiting the highest conductivity and optimal charge flow among all dopants. These promising findings in terms of optical, structural, and electrical attributes signal the potential of these materials for photovoltaic system applications.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139767408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concept of introverted space: is multidimensional, extroverted space an illusion?","authors":"Ingo Steinbach","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0288","url":null,"abstract":"The quantum-phase-field concept of matter is revisited with special emphasis on the introverted view of space. Extroverted space surrounds physical objects, while introverted space lies in between physical objects. Space between objects leads to a network structure of matter: a network in which one-dimensional spaces connect individual particles.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139656227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the luminescence property of Pr-incorporated barium cerate perovskites for white LED applications","authors":"Jasira Seere Valappil, Veena Vannadil Puthiyaveetil, Shilpa Cherlan Kottianmadathil, Huda Thasneem Abdul Majeed, Nissamudeen Kavukuzhi Meerasahib","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0304","url":null,"abstract":"The various structural and conductive attributes of barium cerate, BaCeO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> position it as a highly promising matrix for energy storage purposes. The current study illustrates that barium cerate can be effectively tailored by introducing trivalent praseodymium ions, thereby enhancing its optical properties as well. In this work, single-phased orthorhombic crystalline powders of barium cerate incorporated with Pr<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> (BaCeO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>: Pr<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>) were synthesized using the gel combustion procedure, followed by calcination. We conducted a comprehensive investigation into their crystal structure, vibrational characteristics, optical properties, and potential applications in wLEDs. The structure refinement indicates that Pr<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> occupies Ce<jats:sup>4+</jats:sup> site, which results in the expansion of the cell and facilitates the generation of defects such as <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <m:msubsup> <m:mrow> <m:mi>Pr</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>Ce</m:mtext> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mo>′</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:msubsup> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>${mathrm{Pr}}_{text{Ce}}^{prime }$</jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_zna-2023-0304_ineq_001.png\" /> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and oxygen vacancies <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <m:msubsup> <m:mrow> <m:mi>V</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>O</m:mtext> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mo>⋅</m:mo> <m:mo>⋅</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:msubsup> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>${V}_{text{O}}^{cdot cdot }$</jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_zna-2023-0304_ineq_002.png\" /> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>. By correlating information gathered from diffuse reflectance spectra with that obtained from photoluminescence spectra, we gained a deeper understanding of the electronic level structure and the mechanism of energy transfer. We successfully achieved a finely tuned cool white light emission with very low color purity (CP), a high color rendering index (CRI), and a high correlated color temperature (CCT) with a quantum efficiency of 36.3 % by exciting the material with a 321 nm wavelength. Because of the transfer of energy within activators through dipole–dipole interaction, luminescence quenching occurs when Pr<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup> concentration reaches 1 wt%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the initial investigation of luminescence properties of Pr-incorporated barium cerate perovskites.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139580669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum-mechanical treatment of two particles in a potential box","authors":"Gottfried Mann","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0157","url":null,"abstract":"In classical physics, there is a basic principle, namely “A particle cannot be located at the position of another one on the same time.” Which consequences can be derived if this principle is transferred into quantum physics? For doing that, two distinguishable particles are considered to be trapped in a potential box by means of the Schrödinger equation. In result, the particles can necessarily be located only at discrete positions.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139554741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of weak discontinuity in rotating medium with magnetic field, characteristic shock and weak discontinuity interaction","authors":"Gorakh Nath, Prakash Upadhyay","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0275","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we investigated the characteristic shock and weak discontinuity wave in a rotating medium of perfect gas in the case of one-dimensional (1-D) adiabatic motion under an axial magnetic field governed by the system of PDEs (partial differential equations). We have obtained some classes of analytical solutions of the system of PDEs that demonstrates the time-space dependency. With change in the values of rotational parameter, adiabatic index and the ratio of initial magnetic pressure to dynamic pressure, effect on the acceleration wave’s amplitude and jump in the flow variables across the characteristic shock is analyzed in detail. We have obtained an expression for the jump in shock acceleration, the amplitudes of transmitted and reflected waves caused by the incident wave on the characteristic shock after the interaction of a weak discontinuity. It is investigated that the jump function across the characteristic shock decay effect, and goes to 0 as time <jats:italic>t</jats:italic> → ∞, whereas a weak discontinuity wave may culminate into a shock wave, depending on the initial amplitude value. It is also found that the shock formation time reduces due to the consideration of magnetic field or rotating medium.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quadruple Beltrami field structures in electron–positron multi-ion plasma","authors":"Farhat Saleem, Muhammad Iqbal, Usman Shazad","doi":"10.1515/zna-2023-0265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-2023-0265","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A quadruple Beltrami (QB) equilibrium state for a four-component plasma that consists of inertial electrons, positrons, lighter positive (H+) ions and heavier negative ions O 2 − $left({mathrm{O}}_{2}^{-}right)$ is derived and investigated. The QB relaxed state is a linear superposition of four distinct single Beltrami fields and provides the possibility of the formation of four self-organized vortices of different length scales. In addition, robust magnetofluid coupling characterizes this non-force-free state. The analysis of the QB state also shows that by adjusting the generalized helicities and densities of plasma species, the formation of multiscale structures as well as the paramagnetic and diamagnetic behavior of the relaxed state can be controlled.","PeriodicalId":23871,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A","volume":"2 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}