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The Open Thermodynamics Journal最新文献

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Estimating Onset of Precipitation of Dissolved Asphaltene in the Solution of Solvent + Precipitant Using Artificial Neural Network Technique 用人工神经网络技术估计溶剂+沉淀剂溶液中溶解沥青质的沉淀起始时间
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-06-05 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010082
A. Mohammadi, D. Richon
{"title":"Estimating Onset of Precipitation of Dissolved Asphaltene in the Solution of Solvent + Precipitant Using Artificial Neural Network Technique","authors":"A. Mohammadi, D. Richon","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010082","url":null,"abstract":"Asphaltene precipitation is traditionally modeled using polymer solution theories or cubic equations of state. We propose another approach based on artificial neural network technique to model onset of precipitation of dissolved as- phaltene in the solution of solvent + precipitant. A mathematical model based on feed-forward artificial neural network technique, which takes advantage of a modified Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm, has been used to model onset of precipitation of dissolved asphaltene in the solvent + precipitant solution. The experimental data reported in the literature have been used to develop this model. The acceptable agreement between the results of this model and experi- mental data demonstrates the capability of the neural network technique for estimating onset of precipitation of dissolved asphaltene in the solution of solvent + precipitant.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122339198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Entropy Generation Minimization of a Thermoelectric Cooler 热电冷却器熵产最小化
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-05-27 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010071
F. Gutiérrez, F. Méndez
{"title":"Entropy Generation Minimization of a Thermoelectric Cooler","authors":"F. Gutiérrez, F. Méndez","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010071","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, we develop a theoretical analysis to minimize the entropy generation of a thermo-electric cooler (TEC), which can be used to cool a processor. We have applied an analysis of first and second law of the Thermo- dynamics to a TEC. We consider the entropy generation equation as the objective function and the first law as a restric- tion, in accordance with the variational calculus theory. The numerical predictions show that minimum entropy generation and the better performance coefficients (COPs) are achieved with the largest figure of merit, which represents a relation- ship between the Peltier effect (cooling) and the Joule effect (heating).","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128968348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
On the role of external and internal irreversibilities towards classical entropy generation predictions in equilibrium thermodynamics and their relationship with heat transfer 内外不可逆性对平衡热力学经典熵产预测的作用及其与传热的关系
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-05-20 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010061
S. Chakraborty
{"title":"On the role of external and internal irreversibilities towards classical entropy generation predictions in equilibrium thermodynamics and their relationship with heat transfer","authors":"S. Chakraborty","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010061","url":null,"abstract":"In classical equilibrium thermodynamics description, ambiguities exist in terms of pinpointing external and in- ternal irreversibilities in overall entropy generation prediction, as a system undergoes a thermodynamic process. The pre- sent work attempts to bridge this gap between classical thermodynamics-based irreversibility predictions and finite time heat transfer analysis. By choosing a model problem, expressions for external irreversibilities are quantitatively derived and it is observed that ambiguities may exist in the pertinent quantification depending on the very definition of system, immediate surroundings and surroundings. It is observed that if variations within immediate surroundings are taken into account, more realistic estimates of external irreversibilities can be obtained in equilibrium thermodynamics framework, as a function of heat transfer characteristics of the same. It is also shown that for some special cases, different expressions for external irreversibilities asymptotically converge to the same entropy generation predictions, in effect.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"702 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122970738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Thermodynamic Analysis of the Swirl Flow Applied to Micro-Heat Sink 应用于微型散热器的旋流热力学分析
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-05-20 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010066
D. Lelea
{"title":"The Thermodynamic Analysis of the Swirl Flow Applied to Micro-Heat Sink","authors":"D. Lelea","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010066","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the numerical analysis of a microtube heat sink with tangential impingement jet feeding. The inlet channel covers only a quarter of the tube perimeter so the swirl flow is settled in the tubes. It is expected that heat transfer between the liquid flow and silicon substrate will be improved. The paper also sets up a discussion about the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic aspect of the swirl flow and the benefits resulting from this behavior. The water with the constant physical properties is used as the working fluid and laminar flow regime is considered. Comparison between the classic microtube heat sink with frontal feeding and a microtube heat sink used in this research has also been done.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123475151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Some Basic Issues of the Averaged G-Equation Approach to Premixed Turbulent Combustion Modeling 预混合湍流燃烧模拟中平均g方程法的几个基本问题
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-05-09 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010053
A. Lipatnikov
{"title":"Some Basic Issues of the Averaged G-Equation Approach to Premixed Turbulent Combustion Modeling","authors":"A. Lipatnikov","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010053","url":null,"abstract":"In a recently developed and widely used premixed turbulent flame model, the so-called G-equation is averaged and combined with a balance equation for the variance ","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130598263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A Definition of the H-Functional for Heat Conduction 热传导h泛函的定义
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-05-09 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010059
V. Bertola, E. Cafaro
{"title":"A Definition of the H-Functional for Heat Conduction","authors":"V. Bertola, E. Cafaro","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010059","url":null,"abstract":"In this Note a mathematical formulation of a monotonically decreasing functional with respect to time (the H- functional) is derived for physical systems described by the diffusion equation. This returns a condition which is equiva- lent to the second law of thermodynamics. The H-theorem is certainly the most debated (and proba- bly the most important) part of Boltzmann's scientific heri- tage (1,2). As it is well known, this theorem states that, given a function f(t,x,v) which is a solution of Boltzmann's equa- tion, one can define a functional which is monotonically de- creasing in time (the H-functional):","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124471691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Phase Behaviors of Water + Acetic Acid + Methyl Acetate + p-Xylene Mixtureat 101.32 kPa 水+乙酸+乙酸甲酯+对二甲苯混合物在101.32 kPa下的相行为
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-05-09 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010044
Liang-Sun Lee, Ching-Hua Lin
{"title":"Phase Behaviors of Water + Acetic Acid + Methyl Acetate + p-Xylene Mixtureat 101.32 kPa","authors":"Liang-Sun Lee, Ching-Hua Lin","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010044","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the experimental results exhibit that the mixture of water + acetic acid + methyl acetate + p- xylene has interesting phase behaviors of vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) and vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium (VLLE) under pressure of 101.32 kPa. The VLE and VLLE data were obtained with a condensed-vapor-phase-recirculating still as described in the text. The experimental data are useful to the design and operation of the purification process of acetic acid. The experimental VLE and VLLE data were then correlated with the NRTL and the UNIQUAC activity coefficient mod- els, respectively, as described in the text. Attributed to the presence of acetic acid, which is a strong polar component, the association effect of molecules of this component in the vapor phase was considered and handled with the approach of Hayden and O'Connell for correlation. production, will form a p-xylene-water azeotrope with water content larger than the azetropes of water-ethyl acetate, wa- ter-propyl acetate, water-isobutyl acetate, and water-butyl acetate. The advantage of the large water content and that of p-xylene is a by-product of reaction causes it to be consid- ered as one of the feasible entrainer. To study the feasibility of using p-xylene as an entrainer, the thermodynamic data of the quaternary mixture of water + acetic acid + methyl ace- tate + p-xylene are necessary. Unfortunately, the phase equilibria of this mixture have not been reported in the litera- ture. In this study, the phase behaviors of vapor-liquid equi- librium (VLE) and vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium (VLLE) were observed and the experimental data of phase equilib- rium of this quaternary mixture useful for process design were provided. Then the experimental VLE and VLLE data were correlated with the non-random two liquid (NRTL) and the universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) activity coeffi- cient models, respectively, as discussed in the latter part of this report.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124864624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Application of a Thermodynamic Consistency Test to Binary Mixtures Containing an Ionic Liquid 热力学一致性测试在含离子液体二元混合物中的应用
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-04-30 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010025
V. H. Alvarez, M. Aznar
{"title":"Application of a Thermodynamic Consistency Test to Binary Mixtures Containing an Ionic Liquid","authors":"V. H. Alvarez, M. Aznar","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010025","url":null,"abstract":"A thermodynamic consistency test developed for high pressure binary vapor-liquid mixtures is applied to mix- tures containing a supercritical solvent and an ionic liquid. Several authors have reported vapor-liquid equilibrium data on the binary systems supercritical CO2 + 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate {(bmim)(PF6)}, supercritical CO2 + 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium nitrate {(bmim)(NO3)}, supercritical CO2 + 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetra- fluoroborate {(bmim)(BF4)} and supercritical CHF3 + 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate {(bmim)(PF6)}, but some of these data differ dramatically. The Peng-Robinson equation of state, coupled with the Wong- Sandler mixing rules, has been used for modeling the vapor-liquid equilibrium of these binary mixtures. Then, the pro- posed thermodynamic consistency test has been applied. The results show that the consistency test can be applied with confidence, determining consistency or inconsistency of the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129876971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
An Analytic Approach to Capillary Pressure in Tree-Shaped Networks 树形网络中毛细管压力的解析方法
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-04-30 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010039
A. Miguel
{"title":"An Analytic Approach to Capillary Pressure in Tree-Shaped Networks","authors":"A. Miguel","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010039","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the pressure in capillary tree-shaped networks, based on the thermodynamics and the geo- metric description of the network. The presence of equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects on pressure is accounted. In particular, the presence of equilibrium effects is shown to be essential for describing the pressure in the network. An ap- proach to the definition of equilibrium capillary pressure is presented in terms of interfacial energies of the phases but also in terms of the geometry characteristics of the tree-shaped network. Among other, the equilibrium capillary pressure is shown to depend on number of branching levels and number of daughter branches. Finally, a criterion is established to evaluate the importance of equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects on the capillary pressure.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123375802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Combustion of Biomass as a Global Carbon Sink 生物质燃烧作为全球碳汇
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-04-09 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010106
R. Ball
{"title":"Combustion of Biomass as a Global Carbon Sink","authors":"R. Ball","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010106","url":null,"abstract":"This commentary article highlights the important role of black carbon produced from biomass burning in the global carbon cycle. Consideration of the fundamental chemistry and thermokinetics of cellulose thermal decomposition suggests that suppression of biomass burning or biasing burning practices to produce soot-free flames must inevitably transfer more carbon to the atmosphere. A simple order-of-magnitude quantitative analysis indicates that black carbon may be a significant carbon reservoir that persists over geological time scales.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"281 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132242751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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