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The Open Thermodynamics Journal最新文献

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Hamiltonian Formulation of Heat Conduction: Integral Transform Method Approach 热传导的哈密顿公式:积分变换方法
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-04-08 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010022
E. Cafaro, V. Bertola
{"title":"Hamiltonian Formulation of Heat Conduction: Integral Transform Method Approach","authors":"E. Cafaro, V. Bertola","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010022","url":null,"abstract":"The Hamiltonian formulation of heat conduction is derived using the integral transform method approach, in comparison with the conventional Hamiltonian formulation in the physical space of the variables temperature and heat flux. An analogy with the relativistic motion of a particle is briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122297209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isothermal Phase Equilibria and Cage Occupancies for CH4 + CHF3 Mixed-Gas Hydrate System CH4 + CHF3混合气体水合物体系的等温相平衡和笼占率
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-04-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010017
T. Makino, Yuuki Kunita, T. Sugahara, K. Ohgaki
{"title":"Isothermal Phase Equilibria and Cage Occupancies for CH4 + CHF3 Mixed-Gas Hydrate System","authors":"T. Makino, Yuuki Kunita, T. Sugahara, K. Ohgaki","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010017","url":null,"abstract":"Isothermal phase equilibria for the CH 4 + CHF 3 mixed-gas hydrate system were investigated under three-phase equilibrium states at 291.1 K by using gas chromatography. In addition, the single-crystals of mixed-gas hydrate were analyzed by means of Raman spectroscopy. One of the most important findings in the present study is that there is no hy- drate-structural transition, as the composition of mixed gas was varied at 291.1 K in the CH 4 + CHF 3 mixed-gas hydrate system.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131667762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Scott-Magat Polymer Theory for Determining Onset of Precipitationof Dissolved Asphaltene in the Solvent + Precipitant Solution 测定溶解沥青质在溶剂+沉淀剂溶液中开始沉淀的Scott-Magat聚合物理论
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010013
A. Mohammadi, D. Richon
{"title":"The Scott-Magat Polymer Theory for Determining Onset of Precipitationof Dissolved Asphaltene in the Solvent + Precipitant Solution","authors":"A. Mohammadi, D. Richon","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010013","url":null,"abstract":"The Scott-Magat polymer theory, which assumes that polymers have heterogeneous structure and takes into ac- count the polydispersity in the molecular weight of polymers, is a method to model asphaltene precipitation conditions. The traditional Scott-Magat polymer theory based models assume that the precipitated phase consists of asphaltene only. In the present work, we introduce a model based on the Scott-Magat polymer theory assuming that the precipitated phase consists of asphaltene and non-asphaltene components and the oil phase is free of asphaltene (Due to low concentration of asphaltene in the oil phase). It is shown that the latter model is similar to a previously reported thermodynamic model in the literature based on the Flory-Huggins polymer theory (R. Cimino, S. Correra, P.A. Sacomani, C. Carniani, \"Thermo- dynamic Modelling for Prediction of Asphaltene Deposition in Live Oils\", SPE 28993, Presented at the SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry held in San Antonio, TX, USA, 14-17 February 1995), in which it is assumed that as- phaltene has a homogeneous structure and the precipitated phase consists of asphaltene and non-asphaltene components and the oil phase is free of asphaltene.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115794617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
On the Reduction of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels 关于减少大气中的二氧化碳水平
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-03-18 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010012
J. C. Jones
{"title":"On the Reduction of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels","authors":"J. C. Jones","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010012","url":null,"abstract":"d 2 [CO2] = 0 dt 2 It ought to be fairly elementary to fit the current graph, obtained from measurements, for carbon dioxide rise to a functional form and obtain from that the time into the future at which the point of inflection will occur. This will surely be a major step in achieving reductions as the first derivative has for a long period been positive. Therefore the awaited plateau cannot occur without there being a point of inflection. So when will ‘point of inflection day’ be? April 4 th , 2052 will be the centenary of the birth of the author of this piece. Will the point of inflection be occurred by then?","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134479415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entropy, Order and Disorder 熵，有序和无序
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-03-18 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010007
E. Michaelides
{"title":"Entropy, Order and Disorder","authors":"E. Michaelides","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010007","url":null,"abstract":"Entropy is one of the few physical properties of a system that cannot be measured directly, but must be deduced or calculated from other properties. It is also a property that has been defined in a rather abstract sense and has not been connected to another observable property or physical variable. Since its formulation as a thermodynamic property, entropy has been linked to the concepts of order, disorder and chaos in ways that are often confusing and scientifically misleading. From the point of view of engineering systems and the subject of Classical Thermodynamics, there is no obvious or even tentative connection between entropy and the \"order\" or \"disorder\" of the thermodynamic systems. This short paper gives several examples that demonstrate the disconnection between entropy and disorder in thermodynamic systems.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124107428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Cage Occupancy of Hydrogen in Carbon Dioxide, Ethane, Cyclopropane, and Propane Hydrates 氢气在二氧化碳、乙烷、环丙烷和丙烷水合物中的笼型占有
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2008-02-11 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00802010001
T. Sugahara, Hiroki Mori, J. Sakamoto, S. Hashimoto, K. Ogata, K. Ohgaki
{"title":"Cage Occupancy of Hydrogen in Carbon Dioxide, Ethane, Cyclopropane, and Propane Hydrates","authors":"T. Sugahara, Hiroki Mori, J. Sakamoto, S. Hashimoto, K. Ogata, K. Ohgaki","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00802010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00802010001","url":null,"abstract":"We have already reported the cage unoccupancy of hydrogen in the CO2 hydrate from the Raman spectroscopic analysis and the thermodynamic analysis using Soave Redlich Kwong equation of state. On the other hand, at the low temperatures, Kim and Lee (Journal of American Chemical Society, vol. 127, pp. 9996-9997, Jul. 2005) claimed that hydrogen is enclathrated in the CO2 hydrate. In the present study, the cage unoccupancy of hydrogen in the CO2 hydrate was reconfirmed clearly by in situ Raman spectroscopy for single crystal of gas hydrates. Isothermal phase equilibria (pressure composition) and Raman spectra for three ternary systems of hydrogen + hydrocarbon (ethane, cyclopropane, propane) + water with same experimental procedures as hydrogen + CO2 + water system were measured at 276.1 K in the pressure range up to 5 MPa. In addition, the released gas from hydrates was analyzed to confirm the occupancy or unoccupancy of hydrogen at the temperature. All analyses arrive at the single conclusion that hydrogen is enclathrated in only propane hydrate under the present experimental conditions.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123754874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Physical Solubility of Total Reduced Sulfurs in Fe-Chelate Aqueous Solutions 总还原硫在铁螯合物水溶液中的物理溶解度
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2007-12-19 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00701010004
M. Iliuta, F. Larachi
{"title":"Physical Solubility of Total Reduced Sulfurs in Fe-Chelate Aqueous Solutions","authors":"M. Iliuta, F. Larachi","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00701010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00701010004","url":null,"abstract":"Total reduced sulfurs (TRS) include hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (methanethiol, CH3SH), di- methyl sulfide (CH3SCH3) and dimethyl disulfide (CH3S2CH3) and are referred to as noncondensible gases. They are part of a well-known environmental problem afflicting pulp mills exploiting the Kraft pulp mill process. These sulfur com- pounds are formed in the Kraft pulping process and come in contact with different waters and liquors, contributing to the odor problems of Kraft mills. Because of their toxic and corrosive characters, they must be removed down to very low concentration levels. The olfactory threshold of TRS for human beings is four orders of magnitudes below the regulated emission level which is approximately 5-10 ppm in Canada and the US, giving rise to strict regulations in order to reduce their emissions from specific sulfate pulp process equipments. Among several approaches proposed to remove or at least reduce these airborne pollutants, the utilization of ferric chelate complex of trans-1,2-cyclohexane diaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA) for the oxidative scrubbing of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan in Kraft mill streams is beneficial from the standpoints of iron protection against precipitation and oxygen-mediated regenerative oxidation of the ferrous chelate CDTA. The remaining (unreactive) two sulfur-bearing compounds, dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide undergo only physical absorption in such solutions. The physical solubility of these four compounds in aqueous CDTA-Fe(III) alkaline solutions is therefore a crucial parameter for designing the complete scrubbing-absorption process. The aim of this review is to highlight several aspects related to the solubility of TRS compounds in Fe-chelate aqueous solutions (experimental methods, solubility dependence on temperature, chelate concentration, and solution pH).","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132628447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solubility Prediction of CsCl-Cs2SO4-H2O System at 298.15K Using the Ion-Interaction Model 用离子相互作用模型预测298.15K下CsCl-Cs2SO4-H2O体系的溶解度
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 2007-09-28 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00701010001
Bin Hu, P. Song, Yahong Li
{"title":"Solubility Prediction of CsCl-Cs2SO4-H2O System at 298.15K Using the Ion-Interaction Model","authors":"Bin Hu, P. Song, Yahong Li","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00701010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00701010001","url":null,"abstract":"The component solubilities of CsCl-Cs2SO4-H2O system at 298.15K were calculated by using Pitzer ion inter- action model and its extended HW models. Excellent agreement with experimental solubilities indicated that the models can be successfully used to calculate the component solubilities. This study affords the necessary parameters for solubility predictions of complicated systems and establishes a theoretical basis for the separation of these valuable metals from salt lake brine. we present the solubility calculation of CsCl-Cs2SO4-H2O at 298.15K by using the Pitzer ion-interaction model. Some mixing ternary parameters derived from this calculation can be used in solubility prediction of more complicated quater- nary or quinary systems constituted by Cs + , Cl - , SO4 2- and","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132844794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Critical Review of the La-Zn System 对La-Zn体系的评述
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X00903010007
A. Berche, M. Record, J. Rogez
{"title":"Critical Review of the La-Zn System","authors":"A. Berche, M. Record, J. Rogez","doi":"10.2174/1874396X00903010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X00903010007","url":null,"abstract":"All the available data on phase equilibria, thermodynamic and structural properties of the lanthanum-zinc phases are presented and critically analysed in this paper. Although these data allow to draw an overall description of the binary system, they are not accurate enough for further extrapolations to higher order systems using computational methods. Therefore at the end of this analysis we suggest new experimental investigations to improve the description of this system.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130219437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Editorial-Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer in Fires 火灾中的热力学和传热
The Open Thermodynamics Journal Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874396X01004010144
V. Bertola
{"title":"Editorial-Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer in Fires","authors":"V. Bertola","doi":"10.2174/1874396X01004010144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874396X01004010144","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the impressive technological advancement since those times, today fire can still represent a major hazard when it develops without a strict control, and fire safety has become an important concern in many aspects of our everyday life. Thus, there is a significant effort of the scientific community to understand the dynamics of fires as well as their consequences on the surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":238681,"journal":{"name":"The Open Thermodynamics Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129505716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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