World Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Nurturing the next generation of clinician-scientists in child and adolescent psychiatry: recommendations from a WPA Presidential Task Force.","authors":"Peter Szatmari, Christian Kieling, Andrea Raballo, Norbert Skokauskas, Bennett Leventhal","doi":"10.1002/wps.21133","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wps.21133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 3","pages":"493-494"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10503920/pdf/WPS-22-493.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10308183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoughts of self-harm in late adolescence as a risk indicator for mental disorders in early adulthood.","authors":"David Mongan, Colm Healy, Emmet Power, Jonah F Byrne, Stan Zammit, Ian Kelleher, Mary Cannon, David R Cotter","doi":"10.1002/wps.21125","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wps.21125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 3","pages":"481-483"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10503913/pdf/WPS-22-481.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10337916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The curse and opportunity of heterogeneity in the pursuit of psychiatric biomarkers.","authors":"Lianne Schmaal","doi":"10.1002/wps.21085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21085","url":null,"abstract":"271 other and which cluster with a target outcome, using replication to build confidence in an interpretation. Indeed, in the Bipolar and Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (BSNIP) study, it was the entire biomarker battery which went into defining the final characteristics of the experimental biomarkerdefined entities, which were called “psychosis biotypes”. These biotype constructs have provided research with an alternative to phenomenologically defined entities, as a stage in developing final disease cate gories. Moreover, it is the full biomarker battery which can be ap plied to distinguishing and understanding defined features of the illness, such as negative symptoms. BSNIP researchers have developed several individual studies, now ongoing, to test the clinical applicability of the above biotype constructs. One such study tests the hypothesis that biotype 1, with its low intrinsic EEG activity, is a biomarker which indicates responsiveness to clozapine; specifically, we test the hypothesis that increasing intrinsic EEG activity with clozapine in biotype 1 will correlate with symptomatological improvement, using the attractor network model. A second study, designed to predict treatment response in early psychosis, hypothesizes that the biotypes will define good (biotype 3), moderate (biotype 2) or poor (biotype 1) response to standard coordinated specialty care (CSC). In each of these examples, a doubleblind trial of the biomarker observation (now ongoing) is necessary, and its application can only be supported if this is done with rigorous design. There is no doubt that considerable hard work will have to go into the study of biomarkers in psychiatry before we are able to bring them to a clinically useful place. Yet, the validation of biomarkers, as reviewed in AbiDargham et al’s paper, can be so decisive for the future of our field that these stud ies need to be conducted. Costs have to be born. Yes, wisely; but urgently.","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"271-272"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168170/pdf/WPS-22-271.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The post-traumatic growth approach to psychological trauma.","authors":"Richard G Tedeschi","doi":"10.1002/wps.21093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"328-329"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168173/pdf/WPS-22-328.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovering informative biomarkers in psychiatry.","authors":"Carol A Tamminga","doi":"10.1002/wps.21084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21084","url":null,"abstract":"World Psychiatry 22:2 June 2023 ophrenia and comorbid cannabis use disorder. This finding highlights the malleable nature of biological markers in the context of highly prevalent comorbidities (i.e., substance use disorders) which cooccur not only with schizophrenia but also with several other neurodevelopmental and mental disorders. Altogether, the insights from the AbiDargham et al’s review and the advances, limitations and opportunities discussed here suggest that, along with the excitement that novel approaches and technologies will likely bring to the biomarker discovery field, we need to remain mindful of the inherent challenges, particularly the biopsychosocial nature of psychiatric disorders and the multiple sources of interand intraindividual variability influencing clinical outcomes. We also need to work towards research endeavours that are better poised to address these challenges via collaboration between biological and psychosocial scientists, concerted largescale international efforts to improve and harmonize both biological and behavioural measures (as well as their underpinning ontologies), and incorporation of people’s living experiences into our definitions and measurements of biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"270-271"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168152/pdf/WPS-22-270.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching for biomarkers in the fluidity of mental ill-health.","authors":"Antonio Verdejo-Garcia","doi":"10.1002/wps.21083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21083","url":null,"abstract":"World Psychiatry 22:2 June 2023 ply of earlier clozapine utilization, it is not about earlier utilization for all. Rather, the biomarker would guide earlier utilization by clinicians only for that group of patients with a SCI value that indexes likely nonresponse to conventional antipsychotics. A trial such as this one, if successful, would have the potential to change prescribing and regulatory guidelines specifically for patients assessed by the SCI as likely not to respond to conventional antipsychotics. This could mean that a biomarker in psychiatry would have realworld impact, when currently there is no such case. An opportunity could exist in the same trial to incorporate melanocortin 4 receptor genotype, which confers a nearly fivefold increased risk of weight gain in relation to antipsychotic exposure. Similarly, while agranulocytosis is rare, an allele in the HLADQB1 gene carries a ~15 fold increased risk of this potentially lethal event. Therefore, one could stratify patients on multiple biomarkers, maximizing potential gains and minimizing potential harms, in the same clinical trial. Costeffectiveness analyses could further strengthen the case. Saving even one day in hospital would likely offset the costs of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic tests. If we are serious about getting biomarkers into clinical practice, the biomarker/ biological field and the psychiatric services field should work together for successful implementation. Engaging patients and family members with lived experience would be important. A parent who has wit nessed his/her teenager or young adult child recovering from early psychosis thanks to the use of a given biomarker would be a powerful advocate, providing a lived experience voice that could help support the scale and spread (i.e., the implementation) of that biomarker into clinical practice. In addition, engaging policy makers who may have a say in health system incentives early in the process, as well as the relevant regulatory agencies, would be wise. Practice change is notoriously difficult. Even the implementation of measurementbased care in mental health clinics, e.g. us ing a scale routinely to guide treatment decisions, may be a challenge. If we have the data to bring MRI results or a genetic test into the clinic, the challenge of implementation may be even greater. Fortunately, in relation to the SCI biomarker example in early psychosis, the presence of networks of clinics that are part of a learning health system – e.g. via EPINET in the US, as well as similar initiatives in Canada, Australia and elsewhere – could be as good of an environment as we might hope for to propel successful translational efforts into clinical practice. In that sense, the time is now as well, and the broader notion of precision medicine, implementation science, and a learning health care system has been described, and could be applied in psychiatry. Much of the focus of the comprehensive review by AbiDhargam e","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"268-270"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168163/pdf/WPS-22-268.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive enhancement interventions are effective for schizophrenia: why not provide them early?","authors":"Matcheri S Keshavan, Shaun M Eack","doi":"10.1002/wps.21091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21091","url":null,"abstract":"World Psychiatry 22:2 June 2023 youth and adults with mental health conditions or intellectual disabilities face among the highest rates of stigma and exclusion. Yet, the SDG monitoring process has collected little data on access to quality education for children with disabilities overall, and even less on the experience of children with mental health conditions. Meanwhile, data available from other sources suggest that we have far to go: our study of policies in 193 countries found that over onethird fail to even guarantee integrated education along with individualized supports for children with disabilities, and much less specifically address the needs of children with mental health conditions. Regarding employment, the SDG indicators require tracking average wages and unemployment rates for workers with disabilities, but data are currently only available for the latter; similarly, though indicator 10.2.1 calls for data on income inequality by disability, measures are currently unavailable. Moreover, there are no specific efforts to monitor improvements in inclusive employment for people with mental health conditions. Again, these gaps are concerning, given other research indicating that many countries fall short: our center’s data show that, as of 2021, only 46% of countries worldwide explicitly guaranteed reasonable accommodations for workers with mental and/or in tellectual disabilities. It is not too late for the SDGs to provide an opportunity for accelerating progress in preventing poor mental health, treating mental health conditions, and improving the quality of life of people living with mental health conditions. To do that, however, we need to measure annually not only the suicide mortality rate, but also comprehensive coverage of mental health services in national health systems; the density of the mental health care workforce; the accessibility of essential mental health therapeutics; and the extent to which countries are ensuring the full inclusion of people with mental health conditions in education and employment. Only by specifically prioritizing and tracking progress for mental health prevention, treatment and equal rights can we create a world where meeting mental health needs is not an afterthought, where explicit and implicit discrimination is eliminated, and where all people can lead full and healthy lives.","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"326-327"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168164/pdf/WPS-22-326.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WPA scientific publications in the triennium 2020-2023.","authors":"Michel Botbol","doi":"10.1002/wps.21108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"347-348"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168139/pdf/WPS-22-347.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidepressants in primary care: limited value at the first visit.","authors":"Bruce Arroll, Rachel Roskvist, Fiona Moir, Matire Harwood, Kyle Eggleton, Christopher Dowrick, Pim Cuijpers","doi":"10.1002/wps.21057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wps.21057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168160/pdf/WPS-22-340.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of self-binding directives: recommendations based on expert consensus and input by stakeholders in three European countries.","authors":"Matthé Scholten, Simone Agnes Efkemann, Mirjam Faissner, Marleen Finke, Jakov Gather, Tania Gergel, Astrid Gieselmann, Lia van der Ham, Georg Juckel, Laura van Melle, Gareth Owen, Sarah Potthoff, Lucy A Stephenson, George Szmukler, Astrid Vellinga, Jochen Vollmann, Yolande Voskes, Anna Werning, Guy Widdershoven","doi":"10.1002/wps.21095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21095","url":null,"abstract":"World Psychiatry 22:2 June 2023 ing informal workers, and those who work in small­ and medium­ sized enterprises and in low­ and middle­ income countries. A WHO and International Labour Organization joint policy brief was released alongside the guidelines to support stakehold­ ers in their application. This brief provides a roadmap to improve mental health at work through creating an enabling environment for prevention of exposure to risks, protection and promotion of mental health at work, and support for people with mental health conditions to participate and thrive at work.","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"332-333"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168143/pdf/WPS-22-332.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}