Volume 8B: Energy最新文献_第5页

Conventional and Advanced Exergetic Analysis for the Combined Cycle of Power Plant With Gas Turbine of a Refinery 某炼油厂电厂与燃气轮机联合循环的常规与先进火用分析

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-70521

J. Fajardo, Dawing Guette, D. Barreto, Camilo Cardona, I. Baldiris

{"title":"Conventional and Advanced Exergetic Analysis for the Combined Cycle of Power Plant With Gas Turbine of a Refinery","authors":"J. Fajardo, Dawing Guette, D. Barreto, Camilo Cardona, I. Baldiris","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-70521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70521","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article shows the results of the performance study of a combined cycle plant made up of a Siemens STG-800 gas turbine and a MACCHI heat recovery boiler (HRSG) designed to produce 47.5 MW of electricity and 81908 kg / h of steam operating under ISO conditions (15 ° C and 60% relative humidity and 1 atm), the system is part of the steam and electric power generation section of a crude oil refinery in the city of Cartagena de Indias.\u0000 The objective of this research is to quantify the real inefficiencies in each of the equipment applying conventional and advanced exergetic analysis, to achieve this the investigation has been ordered as follows: first, the basic thermodynamics at the equipment boundaries is defined, define performance parameters that compare the adjustment of the thermodynamic model with the values provided by the manufacturer, the rate of exergy destruction and exergy efficiency are obtained from conventional analysis, advanced exergetic analysis allows obtaining avoidable, unavoidable, endogenous, exogenous exergies and the combined, finally, the mexogenous exergetic analysis allows to know the amount of energy that is lost due to the interactions between the equipment.\u0000 The thermodynamic model is adjusted with an average error of 2% using design KPIs such as net power, heat rate and thermal efficiency, it was obtained that the exergy destruction reaches 83.5MW, 15% is avoidable and the 8% is avoidable endogenous, the mexogenous analysis shows that inefficiencies in the compressor refer to all equipment, by focusing efforts on improving its conditions, up to 25% of the total exergy destruction can be recovered.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120825131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Conceptual Design of Temperature-Controlled Fueled-Salt Irradiation Experiment to Support Demonstration of Advanced Nuclear Reactors 支持先进核反应堆示范的温控燃料盐辐照实验概念设计

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-69204

A. Abou-Jaoude, James Chandler, gr core, K. Davies, C. Downey, W. Phillips, Chuting Tan, S. Wilson

{"title":"Conceptual Design of Temperature-Controlled Fueled-Salt Irradiation Experiment to Support Demonstration of Advanced Nuclear Reactors","authors":"A. Abou-Jaoude, James Chandler, gr core, K. Davies, C. Downey, W. Phillips, Chuting Tan, S. Wilson","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69204","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Irradiation testing of fuel-bearing molten salts is critical for supporting the development and demonstration of molten salt reactors (MSRs). These experiments can inform several important reactor design and safety parameters, including source term modeling, the evolution of thermophysical properties with burnup, and the degradation of structural materials under reactor-relevant conditions. Idaho National Laboratory is designing an instrumented and heated high-temperature molten-salt-fueled irradiation capsule to study the behavior of the fuel salt during in-pile irradiation. This paper details the neutronics, thermal, and mechanical analyses performed to date. Parametric studies were performed to assess a range of materials, different experiment dimensions, two in-reactor positions, and the fuel enrichment used. The principal recommendations are to select a peripheral reactor position in order to alleviate neutronic constraints, a thin salt annulus to achieve thermal design objectives, and high-temperature alloys that provide additional safety margins.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134305476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interconnection of Renewable Resources, New Opportunity in the Rehabilitation of Old Small Hydropower Plant 再生资源互联，老旧小水电厂改造新机遇

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-70973

B. Radulescu, V. Radulescu

{"title":"Interconnection of Renewable Resources, New Opportunity in the Rehabilitation of Old Small Hydropower Plant","authors":"B. Radulescu, V. Radulescu","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-70973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70973","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In Romania, before 1990, numerous small hydroelectric power plants - SHP were realized for the electrification of isolated areas or small communities. Since 2007, a new concept concerning the operational parameters and yields has been implemented, and the functional SHPs have been re-evaluated. A massive environmental data monitoring campaign has started, creating an economically appropriate SHP database that can be associated with another renewable resource. This paper presents such a pilot station, the first realized in Romania near the Arges River, SHP Budeasa, interconnected with a wind power plant. Some local conditions and part of the realized database are briefly presented. Due to the increase in local demand for electricity, it was necessary to rehabilitate this SHP by associating it with 2 other power plants based on renewable sources. Each component of the pilot station is analyzed separately. After the commissioning of the wind farm an additional production of electricity was obtained, and the pilot station became profitable. From these benefits, the rehabilitation of SHP Budeasa started. The theoretical model, the essential steps in the physical realization and necessary conditions for interconnection are mentioned. The results obtained after seven months of operation and some economic aspects are finally mentioned.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127269974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Reactor Train System for Efficient Solar Thermochemical Fuel Production 高效太阳能热化学燃料生产的反应器列车系统

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-69716

Aniket S. Patankar, Xiao-Yu Wu, Won-Seok Choi, H. Tuller, A. Ghoniem

{"title":"A Reactor Train System for Efficient Solar Thermochemical Fuel Production","authors":"Aniket S. Patankar, Xiao-Yu Wu, Won-Seok Choi, H. Tuller, A. Ghoniem","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69716","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Thermochemical redox cycles are a promising route for the production of solar fuels. In this paper we present a novel Reactor Train system for efficient conversion of solar thermal energy to hydrogen. This system is capable of recovering thermal energy from redox materials, which is necessary for achieving high efficiency, but has been difficult to realize in practice. The Reactor Train System overcomes technical challenges of high temperature thermochemical reactors like solid conveying and sealing, while enabling continuous, round-the-clock fuel production and incorporating efficient gas transfer processes and thermal energy storage.\u0000 The Reactor Train is comprised of several identical reactors arranged in a closed loop and cycling between reduction and oxidation steps. In between these steps, the reactors undergo solid heat recovery in a radiative counterflow heat exchanger. We report a heat recovery effectiveness of 75–82% with a train consisting of 56 reactors and a cycle time of 84 minutes. With ceria as the redox material, 23% of the high temperature thermal energy input is converted to hydrogen, while 49% is recovered as intermediate-temperature heat at 750 °C.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114562370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Design, Fabrication and Testing of a Novel Wave Energy Converter 一种新型波能转换器的设计、制造与测试

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-66597

Sumesh Narayan, Ashneel Deo, Anilesh Raj, Shaniel Kumar, Ronesh Pratap

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Impact of Cyber-Attacks on Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings 评估网络攻击对电网交互高效建筑的影响

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-73694

Yangyang Fu, Zheng O’Neill, Jin Wen, V. Adetola

{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Cyber-Attacks on Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings","authors":"Yangyang Fu, Zheng O’Neill, Jin Wen, V. Adetola","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-73694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-73694","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEBs) are not only exposed to passive threats (e.g., physical faults) but also active threats such as cyber-attacks launched on the network-based control systems. The impact of cyber-attacks on GEB operation are not yet fully understood, especially as regards the performance of grid services. To quantify the consequences of cyber-attacks on GEBs, this paper proposes a modeling and simulation framework that includes different cyber-attack models and key performance indexes to quantify the performance of GEB operation under cyber-attacks. The framework is numerically demonstrated to model and evaluate cyber-attacks such as data intrusion attacks and Denial-of-Service attacks on a typical medium-sized office building that uses the BACnet/IP protocol for communication networks. Simulation results show that, while different types of attacks could compromise the building systems to different extents, attacks via the remote control of a chiller yield the most significant consequences on a building system’s operation, including both the building service and the grid service. It is also noted that a cyber-attack impacts the building systems during the attack period as well as the post-attack period, which suggests that both periods should be considered to fully evaluate the consequences of a cyber-attack.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133312018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Validation Approach for Energy Optimization Models of Grid-Interactive Buildings Using Co-Simulation 基于联合仿真的网格交互建筑能耗优化模型验证方法

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-69679

Patrick J. McCurdy, Kaleb Pattawi, Chenli Wang, Thomas Roth, Cuong Nguyen, Yuhong Liu, Hohyun Lee

{"title":"Validation Approach for Energy Optimization Models of Grid-Interactive Buildings Using Co-Simulation","authors":"Patrick J. McCurdy, Kaleb Pattawi, Chenli Wang, Thomas Roth, Cuong Nguyen, Yuhong Liu, Hohyun Lee","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69679","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The consumption and production of energy are more dynamic as distributed energy resources (DERs) such as solar photovoltaics (PV) are deployed within the electric distribution system. The existing techniques for bulk generation do not take full advantage of DERs and can lead to wasted energy and higher costs for both utility companies and consumers. Commercial and residential building energy management systems are usually on a fixed schedule and are not able to respond to changes in energy price instantaneously. There is a need for a real-time pricing structure that can accommodate the fluctuating cost of energy based on supply and demand, and for an energy management system that is able to respond to the dynamic utility rate. As such, there is a need for a robust energy management control strategy and methodology to validate new approaches.\u0000 To address this gap, a strategy to control heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in a residential house was developed along with a validation methodology. A model of predictive control was implemented to optimize the thermostat setpoints and minimize energy cost for an individual residential house while maintaining thermal comfort of residents. This model was integrated with EnergyPlus simulation via an open source co-simulation platform previously developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Total energy consumption and cost for consumers were compared between a case with the proposed model and a baseline case that used fixed-temperature setpoint control. The simple dynamic pricing model used in simulations was proportional to the demand of energy at that time of day. This work will contribute to the development of dynamic utility pricing models and residential control strategies for grid-interactive buildings and homes. The outcome of this research can be expanded to different building models or locations in future work.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114346904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Two-Phase Flow Study on Carbon Dioxide Bubbles Evolution in Direct-Methanol Fuel Cells With Degassing Channels 带脱气通道的直接甲醇燃料电池中二氧化碳气泡演化的两相流研究

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-72603

Sameer Osman, Mahmoud A. Ahmed

{"title":"A Two-Phase Flow Study on Carbon Dioxide Bubbles Evolution in Direct-Methanol Fuel Cells With Degassing Channels","authors":"Sameer Osman, Mahmoud A. Ahmed","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-72603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-72603","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Low-temperature fuel cells have the potential to be used in portable and automotive applications, and the direct-methanol fuel cell is a good candidate for such applications as the fuel is in the liquid phase, making it easy to store and handle. Active direct-methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) operate on a liquid methanol solution as a fuel that is pumped to the anode flow channels. Gaseous carbon dioxide can accumulate in the anode channels and block the diffusion layer (DL), limiting the transport of reactants through the DL to the functional layer. This causes a drop in the rate of reaction and therefore limits the maximum current density achievable by the cell. A degassing channel concept is investigated in this study to collect Carbon dioxide bubbles and keep them away from the main channel. A 3D two-phase flow model is developed and validated to investigate bubble development and actuation to the degassing channel. Different wettability conditions for the degassing channel are investigated, and the resulting bubble development pattern is analyzed for the expected effect on mass transport of reactants to the DL. Results indicate that the use of a degassing channel significantly improves the transport of reactants in the main channel, which in turn improves the cell’s performance. Furthermore, using a degassing channel with a slightly hydrophobic treatment achieved around 37% faster bubble actuation rate from the main channel, compared to a degassing channel with plain wettability. However, this treatment created longer bubble slugs that travel about 25% slower than in the plain case. In summary, using this configuration will improve the mass transport of reactants to the diffusion layer, at the expense that bubbles will be extracted more slowly from the flow field overall. These findings create the opportunity to improve the performance of DMFCs by the improvement of mass transport of reactants on the anode side.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124136189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comprehensive Analysis of an Electrolytic Hydrogen Production System Based on Solar Radiation for the Generation of Clean Energy 基于太阳辐射的清洁能源电解制氢系统综合分析

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-69444

Ronald Mas, Antonios Antoniou, Cesar Celis, A. Berastain

{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of an Electrolytic Hydrogen Production System Based on Solar Radiation for the Generation of Clean Energy","authors":"Ronald Mas, Antonios Antoniou, Cesar Celis, A. Berastain","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69444","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A comprehensive analysis of electrolytic hydrogen production systems based on solar radiation is carried in this work. In the referred analysis, directly coupled photovoltaic-electrolyzer hydrogen production systems were studied. Specifically, the studied systems were split into three subsystems, (i) photovoltaic (PV) power production, (ii) electrolyzer based hydrogen production, and (iii) hydrogen storage in tanks, each of them having its own model considerations and restrictions. Detailed mathematical models for the referred subsystems, including different photovoltaic and electrolyzer related technologies, have been developed and utilized in the analyses performed here. In particular, employing the aforementioned mathematical models, a modeling and simulation platform has been developed. Once developed, such platform has been used to parametrically study the behavior of entire hydrogen production systems, accounting for key variables such as solar irradiance, photovoltaic modules and electrolyzer cells temperature, and hydrogen production rate. Several plant designs options have been firstly determined and from the obtained results a specific one has been selected to further assessments. The particular system studied here is currently in the design phase so the outcomes from this work will be used in future for not only properly sizing it but also building and testing it. It is expected that the implementation of large-scale green hydrogen production plants will reduce the impact of energy production systems on both health and environment.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122891951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Wind Harvesting on Mars: Study and Approach (II) 火星上的风收集:研究与方法(二)

Volume 8B: Energy Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/imece2021-71157

Mohanad Qomsiya, R. Fletcher

{"title":"Wind Harvesting on Mars: Study and Approach (II)","authors":"Mohanad Qomsiya, R. Fletcher","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-71157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-71157","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In previously presented work the authors provided a systematic approach for implementing sustainable energy harvesting projects on Mars. The proposed methodology serves to lay the infrastructure for future In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) on the Martian planet. In this new and updated work the authors thoroughly investigate and report the results of selected site locations for possible future crewed missions. Moreover, it also sheds the light on the multiple wind turbine airfoil designs that would be appropriate for the Martian atmospheric parameters, including the outcomes of Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) studies.\u0000 In order to assure survival rate for a successful future habitation on Mars, multiple sites were studied and analyzed through the utilization of a General Circulation Model (GCM) simulation, Java Mission-planning and Analysis for Remote Sensing (JMARS) database, and other resources. One of the important factors that was considered during the evaluating of potential site locations is the availability of water resources, as it is crucial for the thriving of any possible human inhabitancy. The geographical location focus of this research work (including the two proposed site locations) is concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere. The two locations are in the Deuteronilus Mensae and Phlegra Montes.","PeriodicalId":238134,"journal":{"name":"Volume 8B: Energy","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131585008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0