Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan最新文献_第5页

[Promoting Research on Modeling and Simulation]. [促进建模与仿真研究]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00175

Akihiro Hisaka

{"title":"[Promoting Research on Modeling and Simulation].","authors":"Akihiro Hisaka","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00175","DOIUrl":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00175","url":null,"abstract":"As I recently retired from Chiba University, I would like to describe how I began my research career, some of my accomplishments in the research field of modeling and simulation, and future prospects in this area. Here, I discuss the research topics of drug interactions, the oral absorption of drugs, analyses of between-group and individual differences in pharmacokinetics based on the theories of physiologically-based pharmacokinetics and population pharmacokinetics, and my roles in implementation of the drug interaction guideline. Furthermore, I also discuss modeling topics unrelated to pharmacokinetics, i.e., the analyses of the long-term progression of chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using individual patient information; the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; and prognostic factors of chronic heart failure with the view towards personalized medicine. After completing my Master's course at Hokkaido University, I joined a pharmaceutical company and worked as a pharmacokinetics researcher for 21 years, while obtaining my doctoral degree. I spent the next 9 years as a hospital pharmacist focusing on scientific research at the University of Tokyo Hospital, and the last 10 years as a Professor of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics at Chiba University. My career is, therefore, characterized by involvement in pharmaceutical sciences from many different perspectives. This description focuses rather on the background of the studies than scientific details.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 3","pages":"223-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Pharmacy Accessibility and Function in Wakayama Prefecture Using Geographic Information System. 基于地理信息系统的和歌山县药房可达性及功能分析。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.25-00008

Satoki Kajimoto, Shota Suzuki, Hiroshi Okada

{"title":"Analysis of Pharmacy Accessibility and Function in Wakayama Prefecture Using Geographic Information System.","authors":"Satoki Kajimoto, Shota Suzuki, Hiroshi Okada","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.25-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.25-00008","url":null,"abstract":"Studies investigating pharmacy accessibility have demonstrated value for analyzing healthcare resource distribution and regional disparities. However, researchers have not yet conducted a comprehensive investigation of the geographical distribution of pharmacies. This study aimed to examine the geographic accessibility and functionality of pharmacies in Wakayama Prefecture using a geographic information system. This cross-sectional study analyzed pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics in Wakayama Prefecture from November 2024 to March 2025. The investigation was conducted at the secondary medical region level, evaluating the population percentage within pharmacy service areas. The study also collected and analyzed data on pharmacy-to-population ratios, operating hours, numbers of full-time pharmacists, and pharmacy functions. Results indicated that pharmacies were predominantly concentrated in northern and coastal regions. The Wakayama Medical Region showed the highest population percentage (69.4%) within an 800-m service radius, while the Gobo Medical Region showed the lowest (35.6%). Analysis of pharmacy functions revealed disparities exceeding 20% for 24-hour service and home dispensing services. These findings suggest that despite Wakayama Prefecture's pharmacy density exceeding the national average, accessibility challenges persist due to regional disparities within the prefecture. The results emphasize the need to address regional disparities in pharmacy accessibility and promote equitable distribution of medical resources. Future research should include a survey tailored to the needs of local residents to identify areas for improvement.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 7","pages":"639-643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Precision Medicine for Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Drug-metabolizing Enzyme Expression Levels]. [基于药物代谢酶表达水平的肾细胞癌患者精准医疗]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00166

Jun Matsumoto

{"title":"[Precision Medicine for Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Drug-metabolizing Enzyme Expression Levels].","authors":"Jun Matsumoto","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00166","url":null,"abstract":"Notable advances have recently been achieved in drug therapies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved for metastatic RCC (mRCC). The current first-line treatment for mRCC involves combination therapies using TKIs and ICIs. However, there is no consensus on which TKI+ICI therapy is best or how to select the appropriate therapy for individual patients with RCC. The kidney expresses various metabolic enzymes, including CYP and uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT). Although information on CYP and UGT expression in the kidney is limited compared to our understanding of liver expression, the main CYP and UGT subtypes expressed at high levels in the kidney are estimated to be CYP2B6, CYP3A5, CYP4A11, CYP4F2, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7. In RCC, the expression profiles and levels of these enzymes are somewhat altered compared with normal kidney. The main known subtypes of CYP and UGT in RCC are CYP1B1, CYP3A5, CYP4A11, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT1A10, and UGT2B7. High CYP expression has been reported in several cancers, possibly conferring resistance to anti-cancer drugs including TKIs, due to extensive drug metabolism. Additionally, CYP and UGT expression levels may possibly affect cancer prognosis by metabolizing endogenous substrates, regardless of their role in anti-cancer drug metabolism. In this review, I discuss CYP and UGT expression level profiles in RCC based on previously published papers, including ours, and examine possible relationships between these enzyme expression profiles and treatment outcomes for patients with RCC.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 1","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Effects of Taking Herbal Medicines in Early Gestation on Pregnancy and Placental Formation]. 妊娠早期服用中药对妊娠及胎盘形成的影响

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-3

Toshihiro Sakurai

{"title":"[Effects of Taking Herbal Medicines in Early Gestation on Pregnancy and Placental Formation].","authors":"Toshihiro Sakurai","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-3","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Japanese herbal medicines (Kampo medicines), rooted in centuries of traditional practice, lacks extensive Western scientific validation regarding their safety. Concerns include potential risks such as placental dysplasia, miscarriage, teratogenicity, and fetotoxicity when administered to pregnant women. Therefore, scientific safety evaluations are crucial for the appropriate use of Kampo medicines during pregnancy. Critical physiological processes such as implantation, invasion into the endometrium, placentation, and fetal development are vital for establishing a successful pregnancy. The placenta, forming from implantation until birth, is essential for fetal growth and nutrition. Proper placental function relies on the regulated differentiation and development of specific trophoblast cell lineages. If Kampo medicines impact these cell lineages, there may be increased risks of fetal developmental issues and pregnancy complications. current studies often neglect evaluating placental function or formation, focusing primarily on fetal toxicity and teratogenicity. Thus, assays for placental function and placentation toxicity are needed. This review consolidates existing knowledge on the effects of Kampo medicines, herbs and herbal medicines on pregnancy and placentation, emphasizing the necessity for scientific safety assessments to guide their use during pregnancy. Ensuring accurate information and safety of Kampo medicines, herbs and herbal medicines for pregnant women is essential to safeguard the health of the mother, fetus, and placenta.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 1","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[ADA2, an Adenosine Deaminase Isozyme Acting as a Regulator of Autoinflammation]. [ADA2，腺苷脱氨酶同工酶在自身炎症中的调节作用]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00194

Moeko Ito

{"title":"[ADA2, an Adenosine Deaminase Isozyme Acting as a Regulator of Autoinflammation].","authors":"Moeko Ito","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00194","url":null,"abstract":"Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding adenosine deaminase (ADA) 2. This enzyme catalyzes the deamination reaction of adenosine/2'-deoxyadenosine to inosine/2'-deoxyinosine. DADA2 exhibits a complex clinical presentation, with systemic vasculitis with stroke, bone marrow failure, and immunodeficiency as the major pathologies. Since its discovery in 2014, more than 400 cases have been reported, and the phenotype has expanded significantly. DADA2 generally presents in childhood, although diagnosis in adulthood has also been reported, indicating the need to raise awareness of this disease beyond pediatrics. ADA2 is believed to be relevant in the regulation of the human immune system. Currently, knowledge is accumulating on the association between macrophage polarization into an inflammatory phenotype and systemic vasculitis, upregulation of the type I/II interferon pathway, and neutrophil function. The biochemical characteristics of ADA2 that differ from those of its isozyme ADA1 are a subject of significant research. One of these characteristics, N-glycosylation, plays a vital role in controlling the formation of the functional three-dimensional structure of ADA2. Moreover, with the accumulation of knowledge regarding the dysregulation of innate and adaptive immunity in DADA2 and the biochemical properties of ADA2, effective treatments and diagnostic methods are being established. This review provides an overview of ADA2 properties and DADA2.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 5","pages":"379-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Fundamental Research into Enhancing Fab Functionality by Protein Engineering]. 蛋白质工程增强Fab功能的基础研究

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00195

Hitomi Nakamura

{"title":"[Fundamental Research into Enhancing Fab Functionality by Protein Engineering].","authors":"Hitomi Nakamura","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00195","url":null,"abstract":"Antigen-binding fragments (Fab) are a type of antibody fragment that contains an antigen-binding site in a therapeutic antibody format. To further improve their utility as therapeutic antibodies, this study aimed to enhance Fab functionality through protein engineering. A Fab expression system using the yeast Pichia pastoris was constructed, and recombinant Fabs were efficiently prepared. Second, a Fab mutant suitable for conjugation with polyethylene glycol (PEG) was generated to increase the serum half-life of the Fab. The interchain disulfide bond normally formed at the C-terminus (H: Cys224-L: Cys214) was shifted to a novel position (H: Cys177-L: Cys160), allowing a free cysteine residue at the C-terminus to be used for site-directed PEGylation without conformational destabilization of the Fab. The prepared PEGylated Fab displayed an increased serum half-life. Several additional sites for the introduction of interchain disulfide bonds, which contribute to conformational stability, have been identified in the Fab constant region, and a Fab with an N-glycosylation site introduced at position 178 of its heavy chain (H: L178N) was expressed in P. pastoris. The high-mannose type N-glycan attached to Fab showed the inhibited Fab aggregation under pH shift-induced stress, and the immunogenicity of the glycosylated Fab was lower than that of the wild-type Fab. These protein engineering results are expected to contribute to the design of Fab molecules with increased functional value and greater safety.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 5","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Graduation Research: To Cultivate a Scientific Spirit of Inquiry]. [毕业研究：培养科学探究精神]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00167-F

Keiko Odera, Rieko Takehira

引用次数: 0

[How do Pharmacy Students and Pharmacists Perceive Their Graduation Research?] 药学学生和药剂师如何看待他们的毕业研究？］

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00167-5

Etsuko Arita

{"title":"[How do Pharmacy Students and Pharmacists Perceive Their Graduation Research?]","authors":"Etsuko Arita","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00167-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00167-5","url":null,"abstract":"As the role of pharmacists expands from product-focused to patient-focused care, the development of pharmacist scientists with a balanced clinical and research mindset is expected in Pharmaceutical education. The 2022 revision of the Model Core Curriculum for Pharmacy Education emphasizes scientific inquiry as a fundamental competency for pharmacists. Although graduation research is crucial in promoting this exploration, the current approach to the 6-year pharmacy education program that began in 2006 needs to be re-evaluated. We surveyed undergraduate pharmacy students and practicing pharmacists to investigate their perspectives on graduation research. Those who value the cognitive and methodological skills gained through research have a positive view, whereas those who judge it based on its direct applicability to practice are more critical. The 2022 revision of the Model Core Curriculum for Pharmacy Education aims to develop the ability to identify and solve unknown problems through scientific thinking and appropriate research activities from a pharmaceutical perspective. Graduation research is the only opportunity in undergraduate education for students to experience the full research process-formulating clinical questions into research questions, planning studies, collecting and analyzing data, examining results, and presenting findings-thereby cultivating logical thinking skills and an understanding of research ethics. Universities are responsible for training pharmacists in the research capabilities needed to contribute to future healthcare. Hence, this issue requires collective consideration with clinical pharmacists. It is expected that all stakeholders will share a common understanding that the goal of graduation research is to cultivate a research mindset that pharmacists should naturally possess.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 5","pages":"427-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Elucidation of the Mechanisms of RNA Diseases and Manipulation of RNA]. [RNA疾病机制的阐明和RNA的操作]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00209-F

Miki Imanishi, Hitomi Tsuiji

引用次数: 0

[Approaches to Improving Human Extrapolation of Drug Evaluation Methods]. [改进药物评价方法人性化外推的途径]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00165-F

Daiju Yamazaki, Seiichi Ishida

引用次数: 0