Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan最新文献_第4页

[Inspection of Residual Veterinary Drugs at Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health: Bioassay and LC-MS/MS Analysis].

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-4

Maki Kanda

{"title":"[Inspection of Residual Veterinary Drugs at Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health: Bioassay and LC-MS/MS Analysis].","authors":"Maki Kanda","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-4","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinary drugs are used worldwide to prevent and treat diseases and promote growth in animals, fisheries, and beekeeping. Despite their effectiveness, the illegal and improper use of these drugs can result in livestock and fishery products, potentially impacting human health by causing allergic reactions, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial resistance. To mitigate these adverse effects, the Japanese government established a positive list system in 2006. Maximum residue levels (MRLs) have been defined for approximately 300 veterinary drugs. The regulation of certain antimicrobial drugs without defined MRLs uses in zero tolerance. Residual veterinary drugs in meat, fish, eggs, milk, and honey are inspected to ensure compliance with legal limits. Initially, samples are screened using bioassay and LC-MS/MS. If residues are detected, they are confirmed and quantified using more precise methods. We have detailed the detection of residual norfloxacin in honey. Additionally, we are currently developing new analytical methods. This study introduces an analytical method for the residue screening of sulfonamides and quinolones. After residue detection by bioassay, the same test solutions were analyzed by LC-MS/MS for accurate identification and quantification. This method has also proven to be more environmentally friendly compared to other quantitative methods. We present the ingenuity used to realize the combined method, performance evaluation results, examples of applications to actual samples, and future prospects.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 2","pages":"109-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Role of Median Raphe Serotonergic Neurons in Positive and Negative Information Processing].

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00150

Hiroyuki Kawai

{"title":"[Role of Median Raphe Serotonergic Neurons in Positive and Negative Information Processing].","authors":"Hiroyuki Kawai","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00150","url":null,"abstract":"Serotonergic neurons play a critical role in processing reward and aversive information. Rewarding stimuli activate serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), whereas optogenetic activation of DRN serotonergic neurons induces reward-like effects. However, the pharmacological enhancement of serotonin neurotransmission does not induce rewarding or aversive effects. These findings suggest the presence of another serotonergic neuron that plays a role opposite to that of the DRN in processing reward and aversion information. Previous reports suggested that the median raphe nucleus (MRN) processes negative emotional stimuli. To elucidate the function of MRN serotonergic neurons in these processes, we recorded the changes in serotonergic activity in mice in response to rewarding and aversive stimuli. We also used optogenetic manipulation to determine whether these changes could induce rewarding and aversive behaviors. The activity of MRN serotonergic neurons decreased in response to rewarding stimuli and increased after aversive stimuli. Optogenetic inhibition of MRN serotonergic neurons induced reward-related behavior, while optogenetic stimulation induced aversion-related behavior. Furthermore, we found that the projection pathway from MRN serotonergic neurons to the interpeduncular nucleus is crucial for these processes. These results indicate that MRN serotonergic neurons play a pivotal role in processing reward and aversive information, functioning oppositely to DRN neurons.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 2","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Basic and Clinical Research on Placental Function for Drug Development Research]. [药物开发研究中胎盘功能的基础与临床研究]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-F

Kazuma Higashisaka, Mikihiro Yoshie

引用次数: 0

[Translational Research on Pre-eclampsia with Existing Drugs Targeting Antioxidant Molecules]. [现有抗氧化药物对子痫前期的转化研究]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-1

Kenji Onda

引用次数: 0

[Elucidating the Pathophysiology of Various Diseases by Investigating the Role of Molecules in Brain Wiring].

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00192

Kazunori Yukawa

{"title":"[Elucidating the Pathophysiology of Various Diseases by Investigating the Role of Molecules in Brain Wiring].","authors":"Kazunori Yukawa","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00192","url":null,"abstract":"Semaphorins and their receptors plexins are axon guidance molecules that navigate axons to their final destinations during neural development. Semaphorins and plexins exert distinct roles in regulating biological functions such as the immune system and bone homeostasis. They also participate in the development and progression of various diseases such as osteoporosis and allergic diseases. This review describes the varied phenotypes revealed by the analysis of semaphorin or plexin knockout mice and discusses the association with pathogenesis and therapy of atherosclerosis, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and neuropsychiatric diseases. The deletion of semaphorin 4D in atherosclerosis-prone Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice mitigated atherosclerotic lesions, indicating its crucial involvement in the progression of atherosclerosis. Semaphorin 4D is also implicated in apoptosis induced by the estrogen-dependent generation of soluble semaphorin 4D and the active form of plexin-B1 in the postnatal vaginal opening in mice. Plexin-A1 knockout BALB/cA mice exhibited the agenesis of corpus callosum. This study indicates the crucial role of plexin-A1 in the midline crossing of callosal pioneer axons projecting from the cerebral cortex during the early phase of callosal formation. Adult plexin-A1-deficient mice exhibit reduced prepulse inhibition deficit, an endophenotype of schizophrenia, in addition to excessive self-grooming. Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex are significantly decreased in plexin-A1 knockout mice. In the parvalbumin neurons, oxidative stress is significantly increased in plexin-A1 knockout mice. Accordingly, plexin-A1 deficiency may augment oxidative stress in parvalbumin neurons, thereby impairing the parvalbumin neuron network and leading to behavioral abnormalities relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 2","pages":"133-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Neonatal Malnutrition Impacts Fibroblast Growth Factor 21-induced Neurite Outgrowth and Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone Secretion in Neonatal Mouse Brain]. [新生儿营养不良影响成纤维细胞生长因子 21 诱导的新生小鼠脑神经元生长和生长激素释放激素分泌】。］

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00177-3

Yuko Yoshida, Ai Shinomiya, Mana Oikawa, Taiga Shimada, Ken-Ichi Hanaki, Yoshifumi Watanabe

{"title":"[Neonatal Malnutrition Impacts Fibroblast Growth Factor 21-induced Neurite Outgrowth and Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone Secretion in Neonatal Mouse Brain].","authors":"Yuko Yoshida, Ai Shinomiya, Mana Oikawa, Taiga Shimada, Ken-Ichi Hanaki, Yoshifumi Watanabe","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00177-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00177-3","url":null,"abstract":"Neonatal malnutrition has been suggested as a factor contributing to neurological and other disorders. However, the details of this mechanism remain unclear. We focused on fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), an endocrine factor produced in the liver during lactation-the main source of nutrition during the neonatal period- and analyzed its role in the brain. From the RNA-seq analysis of mouse brains, we analyzed the genes whose expression was regulated by FGF21 and their respective functions. We found that FGF21 has two functions in the neonatal brain; FGF21 induces the production of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in the hypothalamus and is involved in isoform determination of Kalirin, a Ras homologous guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and promotes neurite outgrowth in the brain. Furthermore, the above mechanism is regulated by SH2-containing tyrosine phosphatase (SHP2) activity downstream of the FGF receptor. Additionally, the conserved intron of the SHP2 gene, Ptpn11, shows altered activity in malnourished mouse brains. In summary, FGF21 functions in neurite outgrowth and GHRH production in the neonatal mouse brain, with the mechanism being regulated by SHP2. However, SHP2 activity depends on nutritional status. Our goal was to elucidate the mechanisms by which FGF21 is involved in the maintenance of the central nervous system during the neonatal period. This study provides new insights into the role of FGF21 in diseases caused by dysfunction due to malnutrition.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 3","pages":"183-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Mechanism of the Molecular Pathophysiology for Familial Hypercholesterolemia]. [家族性高胆固醇血症的分子病理生理学机制]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00177-5

Mika Hori

{"title":"[Mechanism of the Molecular Pathophysiology for Familial Hypercholesterolemia].","authors":"Mika Hori","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00177-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00177-5","url":null,"abstract":"Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by high serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels from birth, tendon/skin xanthomas, and premature coronary artery disease. The prevalence of FH is 1 per 300 individuals in the general population. FH is caused by a pathogenic (rare) variant in the LDL receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) genes. In Japan, there has been only one reported case of a family with FH caused by the known APOB p.(Arg3527Gln) variant. Those without pathogenic variants in the LDLR or PCSK9 genes account for approximately 36% of patients with FH. Novel causative genes/variants of FH have been explored in patients with FH worldwide, but no gene variants with a large effect size have been found. Polygenic hypercholesterolemia accounts for approximately 10% of patients with clinical FH. We performed whole-exome sequencing in 122 families without pathogenic variants in the LDLR and PCSK9 genes. However, we could not find novel causative genes/variants of FH via family analysis. We examined all the APOB variants and showed that the low-frequency APOB p.(Pro955Ser) variant has a moderate effect size in FH patients via functional analysis of hepatocytes. We also reported that low-frequency PCSK9 variants contribute to the severity of the FH phenotype in patients with FH harboring an LDLR pathogenic variant. Thus, the combination of low-frequency variants and age, environmental factors such as diet, or other genetic factors contribute to the severity of or variability in the FH phenotype.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 3","pages":"195-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The Impact of a Picture Book to Improve Medication Compliance in Pediatric Patients: A Questionnaire Survey]. [图画书对提高儿科患者用药依从性的影响：问卷调查]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00132

Kensuke Yoshida, Anna Kiyomi, Suguru Tohyama, Kanami Take, Takuma Shoji, Yonggon Lee, Kyongsun Pak, Munetoshi Sugiura

{"title":"[The Impact of a Picture Book to Improve Medication Compliance in Pediatric Patients: A Questionnaire Survey].","authors":"Kensuke Yoshida, Anna Kiyomi, Suguru Tohyama, Kanami Take, Takuma Shoji, Yonggon Lee, Kyongsun Pak, Munetoshi Sugiura","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00132","DOIUrl":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00132","url":null,"abstract":"Poor medication compliance in children can affect treatment efficacy. We examined the impact of a picture book created by pharmacists to improve medication compliance in children. Our study aim was to assess the effects of the pharmacist-created picture book on medication compliance in children and their parents in collaboration with an outpatient pharmacy. This study included 74 children [recovery rate 28/74 (37.8%)] aged 3-6 years and their parents between March 2023 and March 2024. In the item \"Have you experienced any difficulties in giving medication to your child?\" the proportion of respondents answering, \"Always\" or \"Sometimes\" decreased from 78.3% (18/23) to 34.7% (8/23) after reading the picture book (p<0.01). When answering the question \"What specific situations have you found challenging when giving medication?\" the number of responses decreased from (an average/mean) of 1.5 situations before reading the picture book to 1 situation. Regarding whether guardians felt a greater appreciation for the importance of giving medication to their children after reading the book, 64.3% answered \"Yes,\" the highest response. A positive correlation (correlation coefficient=0.77, p<0.01) was observed between \"Is the child interested in taking the medication?\" and \"Is the child able to take the medicine? Pharmacists need to raise public awareness of the importance of medication adherence. Since picture books are likely to be repeatedly read aloud, they are considered effective. The results of this study suggest that pharmacist-created picture books may contribute to improving medication compliance in children.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":" ","pages":"1031-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Development of an Odor Evaluation Method for Citrus Unshiu Peel Using an Electronic Nose Based on the Intensity of Per Unit Length (INPULTH)]. [使用基于单位长度强度 (INPULTH) 的电子鼻开发柑橘 Unshiu 果皮气味评估方法]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00074

Yoshitomi Kudo, Fukuyo Tanaka, Kouki Fujioka

{"title":"[Development of an Odor Evaluation Method for Citrus Unshiu Peel Using an Electronic Nose Based on the Intensity of Per Unit Length (INPULTH)].","authors":"Yoshitomi Kudo, Fukuyo Tanaka, Kouki Fujioka","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00074","DOIUrl":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00074","url":null,"abstract":"Although odor is an important indicator of herbal medicine quality, an objective odor evaluation method remains undiscovered. Quantitative measurement using previous methods is complicated as Citrus Unshiu Peel (Chimpi) emits an odor when broken. To establish odor evaluation methods for herbal medicines using chimpi as an example, we developed a reproducible method for breaking samples and an objective odor evaluation method using an electronic nose (e-nose). First, an odor-emitting device (OED) was fabricated by modifying a pill cutter, which suppressed the spread of odor components into the room air while cutting the samples. The odor was emitted from chimpi with an OED and measured using an e-nose. The cut length was then measured. The sensor intensity was positively correlated with the cut length (r=0.840-0.927) in the same sample, and the intensity per unit length (INPULTH) calculated from the sensor intensity and cut length enables the comparison of the sensor intensity among different samples. In addition, average d-limonene emission level measured by GC-MS was positively correlated with average INPULTH (r=0.999), which suggests that this OED and e-nose method enables the comparison of the sensor intensity and d-limonene emissions. INPULTH also positively correlated with other seven monoterpenes such as p-cymene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, α-pinene, β-pinene, γ-terpinene, and α-terpinolene (r=0.701-0.865). Therefore, monoterpene content can be evaluated by measuring the odor in the same way as d-limonene. In conclusion, we developed a simple odor intensity evaluation method optimized for chimpi to establish an odor evaluation method for herbal medicines.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":" ","pages":"1019-1029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[What is the Initiating Reaction for the Lipid Radical Chain Reaction System That Can Induce Ferroptotic Cell Death at the Lower Oxygen Content?] [什么是脂质自由基连锁反应系统的启动反应？］

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00207

Ichiro Koshiishi

{"title":"[What is the Initiating Reaction for the Lipid Radical Chain Reaction System That Can Induce Ferroptotic Cell Death at the Lower Oxygen Content?]","authors":"Ichiro Koshiishi","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.23-00207","DOIUrl":"10.1248/yakushi.23-00207","url":null,"abstract":"The neural cell death in cerebral infarction is suggested to be ferroptosis-like cell death, involving the participation of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOx). Ferroptosis is induced by lipid radical species generated through the one-electron reduction of lipid hydroperoxides, and it has been shown to propagate intracellularly and intercellularly. At lower oxygen concentration, it appeared that both regiospecificity and stereospecificity of conjugated diene moiety in lipoxygenase-catalysed lipid hydroperoxidation are drastically lost. As a result, in the reaction with linoleic acid, the linoleate 9-peroxyl radical-ferrous lipoxygenase complex dissolves into the linoleate 9-peroxyl radical and ferrous 15-lipoxygenase. Subsequently, the ferrous 15-lipoxygenase then undergoes one-electron reduction of 13-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, generating an alkoxyl radical (pseudoperoxidase reaction). A part of the produced lipid alkoxyl radicals undergoes cleavage of C-C bonds, liberating small molecular hydrocarbon radicals. Particularly, in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are abundant in the vascular and nervous systems, the liberation of small molecular hydrocarbon radicals was more pronounced compared to ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The involvement of these small molecular hydrocarbon radicals in the propagation of membrane lipid damage is suggested.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":" ","pages":"431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0