World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Associations between blood metabolite levels and gastrointestinal cancer risk: A preliminary untargeted metabolomics study.","authors":"Tian-Hao Guo, Wen-Jian Zhu, Yi-Fan Hui, Shuo-Qi Zhao, Ting-Ting Zhou, Xue-Meng Wang, Qin-Chang Zhang, Wei Wang, Liu Li, Wei-Xing Shen, Xiao-Yu Wu, Hai-Bo Cheng","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.104860","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.104860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal cancers are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers globally. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers distinct advantages in preventing and treating these cancers.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the metabolic basis of a common TCM syndrome in gastrointestinal cancers, exploring underlying metabolic mechanisms and identifying potential biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty healthy controls (normal group), 30 patients with gastric cancer (GC), and 30 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were enrolled in 2023. Plasma metabolic profiles were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metabolic profiling revealed distinct alterations in gastrointestinal cancers. CRC samples exhibited 455 differentially expressed metabolites (234 upregulated and 221 downregulated). Similarly, GC samples exhibited 459 differentially expressed metabolites (251 upregulated and 208 downregulated). Additionally, 352 shared metabolites were identified among gastrointestinal cancers. Enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of these shared metabolites in 10 metabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To some extent, this study revealed the metabolomic characteristics of spleen deficiency and blood stasis toxin (PXYD) syndrome in gastrointestinal cancers. It provides the rationale for the \"same treatment for different diseases\" approach in PXYD syndrome of gastrointestinal cancers, and for identifying potential metabolomics-based biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"104860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yttrium-90 microsphere therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Clinical efficacy, mechanistic insights, and comparative therapeutic perspectives.","authors":"Yu-Hang Zhu, Ming-Wei Wang, Yan Jiao, Ya-Hui Liu, Shan-Shan Dong","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.109379","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.109379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yttrium-90 (Y-90) microsphere therapy, known as radioembolization, has emerged as a pivotal treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), delivering targeted radiation with minimal collateral damage to healthy liver tissues. This review meticulously synthesizes current evidence regarding the clinical efficacy, underlying therapeutic mechanisms, patient selection criteria, and comparative advantages of Y-90 therapy. Clinical studies consistently demonstrate significant improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival, coupled with robust tumor response rates and manageable adverse events. The therapy's efficacy is substantially enhanced by advanced dosimetric techniques, enabling precise radiation delivery tailored to individual tumor profiles. Comparative analyses reveal that Y-90 therapy provides superior local tumor control and a preferable safety profile compared to conventional treatments such as transarterial chemoembolization and external beam radiation therapy. Additionally, its clinical outcomes are comparable to those achieved with contemporary systemic therapies. Ongoing research into combination treatments incorporating Y-90 with systemic therapies, including targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, suggests promising advancements in comprehensive HCC management. Future directions highlight the necessity for continued refinement of dosimetry and patient stratification approaches, aiming to further optimize therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"109379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of prognostic factors and their differences in intrahepatic, hilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Muhammad Masroor Hussain, Ju-Mei Wang, Ao-Qiang Zhai, Fu-Yu Li, Hai-Jie Hu","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107995","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) comprises heterogeneous malignancies arising at different anatomical locations: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC), perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC), and distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC). These subtypes exhibit distinct clinical behaviors, treatment approaches, and outcomes. Despite advances in surgical and adjuvant therapies, the prognostic implications of tumor location remain unclear and inconsistently reported. Understanding these variations is essential for personalized management and staging refinement. We hypothesized that the anatomical subtype of CCA significantly influences prognostic outcomes and pathological features.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare prognostic outcomes and clinicopathological characteristics among IHCC, PHCC, and DCC based on current evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched, yielding 11 eligible retrospective comparative studies involving 14484 patients (IHCC: 6260; PHCC: 6895; DCC: 1329). Outcomes assessed included overall survival (OS), lymph node metastasis, neural invasion, and vascular invasion. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 13.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DCC demonstrated the most favorable prognosis among all subtypes. Despite the highest lymph node metastasis rate (DCC: 56.9%), it was associated with better OS than PHCC and IHCC. Vascular invasion was more prevalent in IHCC (OR = 1.66, 95%CI: 1.22-2.28, <i>P</i> = 0.001). OS comparisons showed no significant difference between PHCC and IHCC (HR = 1.02, <i>P</i> = 0.88), while DCC showed consistent trends toward better survival against both.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anatomical subtype is a significant prognostic factor in CCA. DCC patients experience superior outcomes despite aggressive lymphatic spread, suggesting better resectability and surgical outcomes. These insights underscore the need for subtype-specific management strategies and future prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"107995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stemness signatures reflect prognostic disturbances in gastric cancer.","authors":"Wen-Feng Pu, Xiao Yang, Xiao-Qing Wang, Xiao-Guang Guo, Mi-Yuan Yang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107211","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumors characterized by high cellular stemness often have unfavorable clinical outcomes, primarily due to their heightened potential for metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. Among the model genes, the clinical relevance and prognostic significance of Niemann-Pick type C2 (NPC2) in gastric cancer (GC) remained largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify stemness-associated genes in GC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, epithelial cells were categorized as either tumor or normal epithelial cells using the infer copy number variation method. Stemness scores were calculated for both cell types. The hierarchical Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis identified two gene modules with the strongest association with stemness. Prognostically significant stemness-related genes were pinpointed using univariate Cox regression based on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. A predictive model related to stemness was constructed using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression followed by multivariate Cox analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Functional roles of NPC2 were validated using single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data. Further experimental validation revealed that elevated NPC2 expression promoted tumor cell stemness, invasiveness, migratory ability, and resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents. Importantly, high NPC2 expression correlated with poorer overall survival in GC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, the proposed model offers prognostic insights that outperform traditional clinical staging and may inform more tailored therapeutic approaches for gastric cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"107211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in colorectal cancer: Insights from single-cell sequencing.","authors":"Zhen-Xi Xu, Fan-Yong Qu, Zheng Zhang, Wen-Yu Luan, Si-Xiang Lin, Yan-Dong Miao","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107589","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide, and its tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in tumor progression. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), as an important component of the TME, have received widespread attention in recent years. This article explores the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of NETs in CRC and their impact on disease progression, while analyzing the application of single-cell sequencing technology (SCS) in this field. The development of SCS provides a new perspective for understanding the role of NETs in CRC. By combining SCS technology, targeting key regulatory nodes of NETs is expected to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment and provide a theoretical basis for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapeutic strategies, thereby promoting the development of precision medicine in CRC and helping enhance patient prognosis. Future research should further explore the integration of SCS technology with complementary methodologies to investigate NETs and develop specific detection methods and therapeutic strategies targeting NETs to enhance early diagnosis and treatment efficacy of tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"107589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing T-cell response with monoclonal antibodies and chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer.","authors":"Ana Carolina Pires, Pedro Luiz Serrano Uson Junior","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.104806","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.104806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article provides a critical analysis of a prospective single arm study by Zheng <i>et al</i>, which assessed the impact of oxaliplatin and trastuzumab, administered every 3 weeks, for a total of six cycles in 60 patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive advanced gastric cancer. The study specifically explored how this treatment regimen influenced serum tumor markers and T lymphocyte subsets. After six cycles of treatment, the levels of the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carbohydrate antigen 72-4 in the blood significantly dropped compared to their initial values (<i>P</i> < 0.001). There was a notable increase in the percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells (<i>P</i> < 0.05), while the percentage of CD8+ T cells decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05). As a result, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio also rose significantly after treatment (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Patients who had a reduction of 50% or more in their tumor markers and an increase of 1.5 times or more in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio showed better clinical improvements (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In this editorial, we will discuss these findings and how they apply to the current treatment field for advanced HER2 positive gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"104806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nav1.6 drives colorectal cancer proliferation and invasion through MAPK signaling pathway.","authors":"Li-Ming Zhao, Wan-Ying Hong, Jian-Guang Xu, Shui-Quan Lin, Ming-Sheng Liu, Li-Hui Wang, Xu-Li Jiang, Ming Sang, Yang-Bo Lv","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.105264","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.105264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, or Navs) are highly expressed in various tumors and play a critical role in tumor metastasis and invasion.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify Nav1.6-associated cancer genes through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, with the goal of determining the role of Nav1.6 in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data were analyzed using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and Venn analysis to identify Nav1.6-associated genes in CRC. siRNA, real-time PCR, and western blotting were employed to validate the Nav1.6-associated cancer genes and signaling pathways identified in CRC. Cell counting kit-8 and Transwell migration assays were used to assess the proliferation and migration of CRC cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis of TCGA and GEO datasets, along with WGCNA, identified 575 differentially expressed genes associated with <i>SCN8A</i> (Nav1.6) in CRC, which were particularly enriched in MAPK signaling pathways. Tissue microarray analysis of surgical samples revealed elevated Nav1.6 levels in CRC tissues, which were predominantly in the cytoplasm and nucleus rather than in the membrane. Cytoplasmic Nav1.6 expression increased with T stage increases, consistent with the TCGA findings. <i>SCN8A</i> knockdown in colon tumor cells significantly reduced cell proliferation and invasion and downregulated key proteins in the RAF-MAPK pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that Nav1.6 promotes CRC cell proliferation and invasion which is related to the MAPK signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"105264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in the treatment of duodenal cancer: A comprehensive review.","authors":"Liang-Gong Liao, Zhi-Guo Xiong, Jun-Jie Hu","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.105712","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.105712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Duodenal cancer, a rare gastrointestinal malignancy (30%-45% of small bowel cancers), shows improved outcomes with multidisciplinary advances. Endoscopic resection is preferred for early-stage (Tis/T1) tumors (66% usage), enhancing survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.70) and reducing infection-related mortality <i>vs</i> surgery (<i>P</i> = 0.03). Advanced cases rely on surgical resection (segmental/Whipple, 46.4% 5-year survival) with minimally invasive techniques reducing blood loss. Poor prognosis links to nodal metastasis (HR: 2.58) and vascular invasion (HR: 2.18). Patients with stage III disease benefit from FOLFOX chemotherapy (HR: 0.55), while neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy improves resectability. Targeted therapies (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2/epidermal growth factor receptor/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B-mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) yield complete responses with trastuzumab-chemotherapy combinations. Immunotherapy (pembrolizumab) achieves organ preservation in microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient locally advanced tumors. Molecular profiling (caudal type homeobox 2, cell-free DNA, microsatellite instability) guides personalized therapy. Future priorities include global collaborations for precision strategies and novel biomarkers, integrating surgical, targeted, and immunotherapeutic advances to optimize survival and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"105712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BTNL9 exerts anti-cancer effects by inhibiting CDC20 to induce G2/M arrest in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Mao Xiao, Zhi-Yan Luo, Ai-Ru Yu, Ke Xu, Wei Zhou","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.108274","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.108274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignancy. As a member of the BTN/BTNL family, BTNL9 has been identified as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, and colon cancer; however, its role and underlying mechanisms in PC remain to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the role of BTNL9 in the pathogenesis and development of PC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The difference of BTNL9 expression in cancer and adjacent normal tissues was analyzed by RNA sequencing data from a public database and tissue microarray detection. The relationship between BTNL9 expression and the prognosis of patients was also studied. The effects of BTNL9 on proliferation, metastasis, and cell cycle of PC cells were investigated by phenotypic experiments. The mechanism was investigated by RNA sequencing, western blotting, and immunofluorescence detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mRNA and protein levels of BTNL9 in PC tissues were downregulated compared with normal tissues. Based on survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and tissue microarray, BTNL9 was an independent influencing factor for overall survival, and its low expression predicted a shortened overall survival of patients. <i>In vitro</i>, BTNL9 could inhibit cell proliferation and metastasis in both PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells and induce cell cycle arrest in G2/M phases. Downregulation of BTNL9 could activate the cell cycle signaling pathway. Furthermore, overexpression of BTNL9 could significantly inhibit the expression of cell division cycle 20 (CDC20). Rescue experiments demonstrated that overexpression of CDC20 reversed the effect of BTNL9 on the proliferation, metastasis, and cell cycle of PC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The expression of BTNL9 was downregulated in PC, and it has the prediction ability for prognosis. Functionally, BTNL9 exerted an anti-cancer effect by suppressing downstream CDC20 expression in PC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"108274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence.","authors":"Qian-Jia Liu, Jia-Cheng Zhang, Yue-Fan Wang, Ming-Hao Zou, Wen-Xuan Zhou, Yan Lu, Xiao-Chen Feng, Hui Liu","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107815","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.107815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors globally and is the most prevalent type of primary liver cancer, posing a heavy burden on global health. Surgical resection and liver transplantation are the gold standard for the radical treatment of HCC. However, due to the heterogeneity and high invasiveness of HCC, the rates of local and distant recurrence are extremely high, with over 70% of patients experiencing recurrence within 5 years after treatment, significantly impacting the long-term quality of life. Therefore, researchers are exploring other treatment methods to reduce tumor recurrence and improve patient survival. To date, extensive research has concentrated on new alternative therapies, including radiotherapy (<i>e.g.</i>, selective internal radiotherapy), targeted drug therapy (<i>e.g.</i>, sorafenib and lenvatinib), and immunotherapy (<i>e.g.</i>, immune checkpoint inhibitors), which have played an integral role in the comprehensive treatment of HCC. This review mainly focuses on the cutting-edge advancements in these treatment methods for HCC and their potential role in reducing HCC recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 7","pages":"107815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}