World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of sorafenib combined with transarterial chemoembolization in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Mei Xu, Si-Rui Zhou, Ya-Ling Li, Chen-Hao Zhang, Da-Zhong Liao, Xiao-Li Wang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.98927","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.98927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The combination of sorafenib with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is being investigated for its potential to improve outcomes in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of this combined treatment strategy in enhancing overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to monotherapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed across PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to May 8, 2024. Studies were included if they compared sorafenib plus TACE to sorafenib alone or TACE alone in adults with advanced HCC. Primary outcomes were OS, PFS, response rates, and safety profiles. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two reviewers. Heterogeneity was assessed using the <i>I²</i> statistic, and a random-effects model was applied for pooling data. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of twelve studies involving 1174 patients met the inclusion criteria. Significant heterogeneity was observed for both OS (<i>I²</i> = 72.6%, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and PFS (<i>I²</i> = 83.7%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The combined treatment of sorafenib with TACE significantly improved OS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44-0.76] and PFS (HR = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.38-0.69). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings. Funnel plots and Egger's test indicated no significant publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sorafenib combined with TACE significantly enhances both OS and PFS in patients with advanced HCC compared to monotherapy. This combination therapy represents a promising approach to improving clinical outcomes in advanced liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"98927"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 inflammasome: From action mechanism to therapeutic target in clinical trials.","authors":"Chun-Ye Zhang, Shuai Liu, Yu-Xiang Sui, Ming Yang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100094","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a critical modulator in inflammatory disease. Activation and mutation of NLRP3 can cause severe inflammation in diseases such as chronic infantile neurologic cutaneous and articular syndrome, Muckle-Wells syndrome, and familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1. To date, a great effort has been made to decode the underlying mechanisms of NLRP3 activation. The priming and activation of NLRP3 drive the maturation and release of active interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β to cause inflammation and pyroptosis, which can significantly trigger many diseases including inflammatory diseases, immune disorders, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. The investigation of NLRP3 as a therapeutic target for disease treatment is a hot topic in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. Developing potent NLRP3 inhibitors and downstream IL-1 inhibitors attracts wide-spectrum attention in both research and pharmaceutical fields. In this minireview, we first updated the molecular mechanisms involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the associated downstream signaling pathways. We then reviewed the molecular and cellular pathways of NLRP3 in many diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases. In addition, we briefly reviewed the roles of NLRP3 in cancer growth and relative immune checkpoint therapy. Finally, clinical trials with treatments targeting NLRP3 and its downstream signaling pathways were summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"100094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiotherapy dosage: A neural network approach for uninvolved liver dose in stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver cancer.","authors":"Arunkumar Krishnan","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.101888","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.101888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent study by Zhang <i>et al</i> developed a neural network-based predictive model for estimating doses to the uninvolved liver during stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in liver cancer. The study reported a significant advancement in personalized radiotherapy by improving accuracy and reducing treatment-related toxicity. The model demonstrated strong predictive performance with <i>R</i>-values above 0.8, indicating its potential to improve treatment consistency. However, concerns arise from the small sample size and exclusion criteria, which may limit generalizability. Future studies should incorporate larger, more diverse patient cohorts, explore potential confounding factors such as tumor characteristics and delivery technique variability, and address the long-term effects of SBRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"101888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying adipocyte-derived exosomal miRNAs as potential novel prognostic markers for radiotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Yang-Yang Ge, Xiao-Chun Xia, An-Qing Wu, Chen-Ying Ma, Ling-Hui Yu, Ju-Ying Zhou","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.98808","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.98808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation resistance limits radiotherapy efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The tumor microenvironment, particularly adipocytes, plays a role in promoting cancer progression. Extracellular vesicles and microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and hold prognostic potential for esophageal carcinoma. Elucidating radioresistance mechanisms and identifying radiosensitization targets can help enhance radiotherapy efficacy for esophageal cancer.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the potential role of miRNAs derived from adipocyte exosomes as prognostic markers for radiotherapy efficacy in ESCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Free adipocytes were isolated from human thoracic adipose tissue. A co-culture model of adipocytes and ESCC cells was established to observe colony formation and cell survival post-irradiation. ESCC cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Western Blot and immunofluorescence assays were performed to evaluate DNA damage in ESCC cells post-irradiation. Adipocyte-derived exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by electron microscopy. A similar set of experiments was performed on ESCC cells to analyze cell survival, apoptosis, and DNA damage post-radiation exposure. Exosomes from adipose tissue and serum exosomes from ESCC patients pre- and post-radiotherapy were subjected to high-throughput miRNA-sequencing and validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between potential target miRNAs and the short-term prognosis of radiotherapy in ESCC was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Co-culturing adipocytes with ESCC cells enhanced radioresistance, as evidenced by increased colony formation. Adipocyte co-culture reduced ESCC cell apoptosis and DNA damage post-radiation. Adipocyte-derived exosomes similarly conferred radioresistance in ESCC cells, decreasing apoptosis and DNA damage post-irradiation. High-throughput miRNA-sequencing identified miR-660-5p in serum and adipose tissue exosomes. Patients with high expression of serum exosome miR-660-5p showed poor prognosis after radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adipocyte-derived exosomal miR-660-5p is a potential biomarker for evaluating radiotherapy efficacy in ESCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"98808"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipation for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Grigorios Christodoulidis, Dimitra Bartzi, Konstantinos E Koumarelas","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100505","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) is an advanced targeted therapeutic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer. HAIC has demonstrated significant potential in managing advanced HCC, particularly in regions with high prevalence rates. Despite its promise, several challenges and areas for future research remain. Clinical studies have substantiated the efficacy of HAIC in enhancing survival outcomes for patients with advanced hepatic carcinoma. Notably, combination therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as lenvatinib and programmed death-1 inhibitors, have shown substantial improvements in median overall survival and progression-free survival compared to systemic chemotherapy. These combination therapies have also exhibited superior response rates and disease control, with manageable and often less severe adverse events relative to systemic treatments. This article is based on the review by Zhou <i>et al</i> and aims to discuss the current status and future directions in the treatment of HCC, emphasizing the role of HAIC and its integration with novel therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"100505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of colorectal traditional serrated adenomas with dysplasia/adenocarcinoma in a Korean population.","authors":"Ki-Hyun Kim, Eun Myung, Hyung Hoon Oh, Chan-Muk Im, Young-Eun Seo, Je-Seong Kim, Chae-June Lim, Ga-Ram You, Sung-Bum Cho, Wan-Sik Lee, Myung-Giun Noh, Kyung-Hwa Lee, Young-Eun Joo","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.101780","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.101780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) is a rare and precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer. The clinical and endoscopic differentiations between TSAs without dysplasia or adenocarcinoma (TSAOs) and TSAs with dysplasia or adenocarcinoma (TSADs) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the characteristics of colorectal TSAs and compare the characteristics of TSAOs with those of TSADs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 193 patients who underwent endoscopic resection and received a pathologic diagnosis of TSA. We reviewed the medical, endoscopic, and histopathologic records of patients who underwent endoscopic resection of TSAs between January 2010 and December 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TSAs were more frequently located in the rectosigmoid colon. Most TSAs had 0-Ip, 0-Isp, or 0-Is morphologies. The TSAD lesions were larger than TSAO lesions. TSAD lesions more commonly had a red color and an irregular border than TSAO lesions. TSAOs were usually treated using conventional endoscopic mucosal resection, whereas TSADs were treated using conventional endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and surgery. Post-polypectomy bleeding was more common with TSADs than with TSAOs. Univariate analysis showed that gastrointestinal bleeding, red color, 0-IIa, irregular border, and lobular mucosal surface were significantly associated with TSADs. Multivariate analysis showed that gastrointestinal bleeding, an irregular border, and a lobular mucosal surface were significantly associated with TSADs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TSAs with gastrointestinal bleeding, an irregular border, and a lobular mucosal surface are associated with an increased risk of dysplasia or adenocarcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"101780"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological and radiological characteristics and prediction of survival in colon cancer.","authors":"Ashok Kumar, Payal Kaw","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.101516","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.101516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are various histological characteristics which have been proposed to predict the survival rate in colon cancer. However, there is no definitive model to accurately predict the survival. Therefore, it is important to find out one model for the prediction of survival in colon cancer which may also include the preoperative, and operative factors in addition to histopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"101516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced pancreatic cancer treated with camrelizumab combined with apatinib: A case report.","authors":"Yun-Hao Luo, Ting He, Lu Lin, Rong-Qiu Wang, Hong-Xia Cai, Wen Hu","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100724","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 5-year survival rate for patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) is 4%-12%. Surgery is the only treatment that offers curative potential, but only 15%-20% of patients are eligible for surgery. PC is prone to recurrence and metastasis, and the antitumor effect of chemotherapy is notably limited.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>Histopathological analysis of a 53-year-old female PC patient who underwent Whipple surgery revealed poorly differentiated tumor cells infiltrating nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels. The patient received two different first-line chemotherapy regimens consecutively; however, both regimens struggled to control disease progression. During this period, the patient underwent liver metastasis ablation surgery, <i>Candida albicans</i> liver abscess, and stereotactic body radiotherapy. With the addition of camrelizumab to the modified FOLFIRINOX regimen, tumor control was achieved. The patient subsequently refused to continue chemotherapy, and the antitumor regimen was changed to a combination of camrelizumab and apatinib. After patients received a combination of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, the length of hospital stay was significantly reduced. Furthermore, all side effects were within acceptable limits, leading to an improved quality of life and prolonged progression-free survival. Unfortunately, the pain associated with cancer, coupled with the side effects of opioid analgesics, has led the patient to reject all available anticancer treatment options. Approximately one month after camrelizumab and apatinib were discontinued without medical authorization, the PC recurred and rapidly progressed to widespread metastasis, ultimately leading to the patient's death approximately one month later. The overall survival was 2 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have the potential to increase both the quality of life and survival time of PC patients, particularly those whose tumor progression is not effectively controlled by chemotherapy alone. Nevertheless, further clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"100724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who might benefit from third-line chemotherapy.","authors":"Bomi Kim, Jaihwan Kim, Soomin Yang, Jinwoo Ahn, Kwangrok Jung, Jong-Chan Lee, Jin-Hyeok Hwang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100167","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Survival rates of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) have been improved with palliative chemotherapy series. The current preferred first-line regimen consists of combination therapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin (LV), irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) or gemcitabine plus albumin-bound paclitaxel (GNP). After failure of first-line chemotherapy, there are a few options for subsequent therapy including switch to the unused first-line regimen or nano-liposomal irinotecan and 5-FU/LV. However, there are limited studies on the efficacy of third-line chemotherapy after failure of second-line chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify patients with APC who might benefit from third-line chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records from a single tertiary hospital were retrospectively reviewed between 2012 and 2021. The study included patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic or locally APC who underwent first-line FOLFIRINOX or GNP and subsequently received third-line chemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) after diagnosis and OS after third-line chemotherapy (OS3) were defined as the interval from the diagnosis to all-cause death and the time between the initiation of the third-line chemotherapy to all-cause death, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 141 patients were enrolled. The median patient age at diagnosis was 61.8 years (36.0-86.0), and 54.9% were male. The first-line regimen was FOLFIRINOX (67.4%) or GNP (32.6%). The second-line regimen was FOLFIRINOX (27.0%), GNP (52.5%), or other (20.6%). The median OS was 19.0 months, and the median OS3 and progression-free survival after third-line treatment were 15.3 and 7.3 weeks, respectively. With regard to the best tumor response during third-line chemotherapy, 1.4% had partial response, 24.8% had stable disease, and 59.6% had progressive disease. The following clinical factors before third-line chemotherapy affected OS3: Good performance status (PS), serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level < 1000 U/mL, duration of second-line chemotherapy ≥ 19 weeks, and no peritoneal seeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified that patients with good PS, CA19-9 < 1000 U/mL, second-line chemotherapy ≥ 19 weeks, and no peritoneal seeding before starting third-line treatment may benefit more from third-line chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"100167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic primitive neuroectodermal tumors: Clinical features, treatment, and influencing factors.","authors":"Yan-Fei He, Huan-Zhi Wang, Xiao-Dong Hu, Jun-Qiang Liu, Hu-Ming Li, Jie Wang, Shuang-Feng Lu","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.97298","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.97298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data on clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and prognosis of pancreatic primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyze the clinical data of 30 patients with pancreatic PNETs to identify their clinical characteristics and factors associated with prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the keywords \"primary neuroectodermal tumor,\" \"digestive tract,\" \"pancreas,\" \"pancreatic,\" and \"gastrointestinal,\" individually or in combination, to collect data from a global database for all patients with pancreatic PNET to date. Univariate and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for patient survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 30 cases of pancreatic PNET were included in this study: 15 males and 15 females with a mean age of 24 years. The main symptom was abdominal pain (73.3%), and the median tumor size was 7.85 cm. Twenty-four patients (80.0%) underwent surgery and nineteen patients received adjuvant therapy. Local metastasis was observed in 13 patients (43.3%), lymph node metastasis in 10 patients (33.3%), and distant metastasis in 6 patients (20.0%). Local recurrence was observed in 13 patients (43.3%). The median survival time of all patients was 29.4 months, and the overall estimated 1-year and 3-year survival rates were approximately 66.0% and 36.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that chemotherapy (<i>P</i> = 0.036), local metastasis (<i>P</i> = 0.041), lymph node metastasis (<i>P</i> = 0.003), distant metastasis (<i>P</i> = 0.049), and surgical margins (<i>P</i> = 0.048) were the prognostic factors affecting survival. Multivariate analysis revealed only lymph node metastasis (<i>P</i> = 0.012) as a prognostic factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pancreatic PNET is extremely rare, occurs in young adults, has no apparent sex predisposition, has a high rate of metastasis and early recurrence, and has a very poor prognosis. The diagnosis of pancreatic PNET requires a combination of clinical symptoms, pathologic features, immunohistochemistry, and cytogenetic analysis. Univariate analysis suggested that chemotherapy, metastasis, and surgical margins were prognostic factors affecting survival, and multivariate analysis suggested that lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor. Therefore, early diagnosis, early and extensive resection, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy may help improve prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 2","pages":"97298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}