Water Quality Research Journal最新文献

Development and evaluation of filter for canal water potability 开发和评估运河水饮用过滤器

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.009

V. Tiwari, J. Singh, P. Sahota, N. N. Singh, K. Singh

{"title":"Development and evaluation of filter for canal water potability","authors":"V. Tiwari, J. Singh, P. Sahota, N. N. Singh, K. Singh","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.009","url":null,"abstract":"Low-cost portable water filter having a capacity of 15 l for an average small family size was designed, developed, and fabricated for canal water potability. The volume and thickness of filter media were computed and found to be 4,544 cm3 and 5.6 cm, respectively. The provision for injection of sodium hypochlorite solution was made for the removal of bacterial contaminants and calibrated to be 1.5 mL for 15 l of water to maintain the required level of residual chlorine content (2–5 ppm) which was supplied through the pumping unit. The adsorbed contaminants on the filter media could be removed by placing them in 3 l of boiled water for 2 min. The experiment was conducted to determine the settlement duration of suspended solids in canal water and found to be 8 h, thereafter allowing it for filtration. The performance of the developed filter was evaluated by analyzing water quality parameters of the canal water before and after filtration. The values of BOD, chemical oxygen demand (COD), MPN, TDS, pH, and residual chlorine of filtered water were found to be within the permissible limit. The cost of the developed filter was estimated to be INR 1,300 which is economically viable, technically feasible, and easily portable.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorus removal and recovery from anaerobic bioreactor effluent using a batch electrocoagulation process 间歇式电絮凝法去除厌氧生物反应器出水中的磷

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.111

G. P. Bhoi, Kripa S. Singh, Dennis A. Connor

{"title":"Phosphorus removal and recovery from anaerobic bioreactor effluent using a batch electrocoagulation process","authors":"G. P. Bhoi, Kripa S. Singh, Dennis A. Connor","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.111","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 A batch monopolar electrocoagulation system was developed and studied for the removal of phosphorus from anaerobic bioreactor effluent using iron as an electrode material. The study focused on the optimization of the independent variables, such as initial pH, retention time (RT), current density (CD) and inter-electrode distance (IED) using the response surface methodology (RSM) to maximize the removal of total phosphorus (TP). A quadratic model was fitted to the experimental data for TP removal. The optimal parameters were found to be pH of 6.75, RT of 11.06 min, CD of 300 A/m2, and inter-electrode distance of 1.5 cm resulting in 98.05% TP removal and energy consumption of 1.28 kWh/m3. A kinetic study for TP removal revealed that at optimal conditions, removal followed first-order kinetics (K = 0.185 m/min). Phosphorus was recovered from the post-precipitated sludge through combustion at 900 °C followed by acid leaching with sulfuric acid. Acid leaching tests were carried out with sulfuric acid for the post-precipitated sludge obtained at the optimum conditions. It resulted in around 91% of phosphorus recovery at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 100 mL/g.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41976812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Fuzzy Inference System for enhanced groundwater quality assessment and index determination 强化地下水水质评价与指标确定的模糊推理系统

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.031

Isaac Sajan R., V. B. Christopher

{"title":"A Fuzzy Inference System for enhanced groundwater quality assessment and index determination","authors":"Isaac Sajan R., V. B. Christopher","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Groundwater is a vital resource for human consumption, particularly in rural areas with limited access to treated water. Assessing groundwater quality is crucial for economic development and human well-being. The conventional Water Quality Index models used for this purpose have limitations related to data volatility and judgment uncertainties. To overcome these limitations, our study introduces a novel approach that employs a Fuzzy Inference System to determine the Water Quality Index. The dataset used in our research includes multiple parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, Cl, SO4, TH, DWQI, and other physio-chemical and chemical parameters. Our approach utilizes linguistic variables, fuzzy rules, and the hyperbolic tangent set function to handle imprecise and uncertain water quality data. By employing Fuzzy C-Means clustering, we group similar water samples based on quality parameters and map membership values to linguistic terms representing water quality categories. Suitable defuzzification methods are then applied to convert fuzzy outputs into precise results. This proposed approach provides a comprehensive framework for accurate water quality assessment, enabling informed decision-making and more reliable and precise evaluations of groundwater quality for human consumption. Our approach enhances groundwater safety and supports the effective management of this vital natural resource.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46157198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The risk of bacterial virulence in the face of concentrated river pollution 面对集中的河流污染，细菌毒性的风险

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.004

Roukaya Al Haj Ishak Al Ali, L. Mondamert, Alexandre Crépin, Maha Al Badany, Joelle Jandry, J. Berjeaud, J. Labanowski

{"title":"The risk of bacterial virulence in the face of concentrated river pollution","authors":"Roukaya Al Haj Ishak Al Ali, L. Mondamert, Alexandre Crépin, Maha Al Badany, Joelle Jandry, J. Berjeaud, J. Labanowski","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The decrease in low-water flows and the increase in water temperature and other parameters as observed in the rivers over the last 50 years suggest that a concentration of compounds and pollutants is taking place, in connection with climate change and/or anthropisation (without discerning their respective contributions). These effects occur in a context where the rivers are already impacted by the presence of many pollutant cocktails (pesticides, drugs, and others). The authors now show that these pollutant cocktails – at the environmental concentrations currently found – constitute a threat to human health through their possible effects on the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. While certain genes of Salmonella Typhimurium may not experience an increased risk, the exposure to more concentrated cocktails (at a five-fold concentration) could potentially amplify certain virulent factors such as the motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa H103. The findings indicate that pollution mixtures have an effect on the virulence potential of certain waterborne pathogenic bacteria, even at concentrations currently observed in rivers.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47524923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient removal of perfluorinated compounds with the polyamide nanofiltration membrane and membrane fouling resistance analysis 聚酰胺纳滤膜对全氟化合物的高效去除及膜污染阻力分析

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.011

Yuyang Wu

{"title":"Efficient removal of perfluorinated compounds with the polyamide nanofiltration membrane and membrane fouling resistance analysis","authors":"Yuyang Wu","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are significant pollutants known for their high toxicity and resistance to natural degradation, posing a severe threat to both the global environment and human health. In this study, a polyamide (PA) membrane with an intermediate layer structure of MXene-TiO2 (referred to as MXT-NFM) was utilized for the removal of PFCs. Experimental results confirm that MXT-NFM exhibited remarkable capacity in intercepting PFCs, accompanied by the high water flux. To gain insights into the mechanisms governing membrane fouling induced by PFCs, inorganic ions, and organics, a series of fouling tests were conducted using MXT-NFM under diverse conditions. Additionally, the XDLVO theory was employed to provide a theoretical perspective on the interactions occurring during the fouling process. The findings suggest that the MXene-TiO2 intermediate layer contributed to the exceptional hydrophilicity and rough surface properties, enabling multiple functionalities. These include alleviating membrane pore plugging, improving the physical configuration of the PA layer, and effectively mitigating fouling phenomena in coexisting systems during practical applications. Moreover, the particle size of pollutant colloids and the acid–base interaction were identified as decisive factors influencing the development of membrane fouling.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42627440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparative study of several types of indices for river quality assessment 几种河流水质评价指标的比较研究

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.029

Norma Gil-Rodas, Meyer Guevara-Mora, Gabriel Rivas, Gabriela Dávila, Doris García, Alejandra Contreras-Perdomo, Pride Alvizures, Mónica Martínez, G. Calvo-Brenes

{"title":"A comparative study of several types of indices for river quality assessment","authors":"Norma Gil-Rodas, Meyer Guevara-Mora, Gabriel Rivas, Gabriela Dávila, Doris García, Alejandra Contreras-Perdomo, Pride Alvizures, Mónica Martínez, G. Calvo-Brenes","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Water is vital for humans, plants, and animals; unfortunately, some anthropogenic activities adversely alter water quality (WQ). Many indicators can be used for WQ assessment; fortunately, extensive data can be simplified by using WQ indices (WQIs). The main difference among WQIs lies in the way of assessing pollution and the number and types of WQ indicators used; therefore, the selection of a reliable WQI should be the first step. This research aimed to compare several types of indices and evaluate their effectiveness. Eighteen sampling sites were monitored, and the selected indices showed different results. Biological indexes exhibited a significant statistical correlation and yet different quality results. In addition, biological WQIs showed different outcomes from the physicochemical index. The high concentrations of phosphates, fecal coliforms, and biological oxygen demand, found in most rivers, were responsible for adversely influencing the quality results of the physicochemical index; however, their high concentrations found in some sampling sites had no adverse effect on the macroinvertebrate's existence; therefore, biological WQ assessment showed better quality results than the physicochemical index. The Rapid Bioassessment Protocol index, based on visual habitat observations, proved to be an easy way to classify WQ and an adequate replacement for biological indices.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43029355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prioritization of micropollutants based on removal effort in drinking water purification treatment 饮用水净化处理中基于去除努力的微污染物的优先顺序

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-09 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.032

T. Pronk, Astrid Fischer, A.E.T. van den Berg, Roberta C. H. M. Hofman

{"title":"Prioritization of micropollutants based on removal effort in drinking water purification treatment","authors":"T. Pronk, Astrid Fischer, A.E.T. van den Berg, Roberta C. H. M. Hofman","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 A main focus of water managers with regard to micropollutants is the protection of aquatic ecology. However, micropollutants also have the potential to affect the production of clean drinking water. In this paper, we propose to consider the removal effort when assessing micropollutants with an ‘Effort Index’ (EI). Assessments using the EI show which micropollutants need more extensive monitoring or abatement because of their difficulty to be removed using low-effort water purification treatment techniques. For water containing mixtures of micropollutants, the averaged EI values can indicate overall water quality. Data on the removal by different purification treatment techniques are not necessarily available for all micropollutants. Therefore, a set of data-driven indicative removal rules is derived to quantify the relation between micropollutant properties and different drinking water treatment techniques. The indicative removal rules provide a rough indication of removability. As an illustration, the water quality of the river Rhine is evaluated between 2000 and 2018. The EI value shows that the Rhine contains increasingly more difficult-to-remove micropollutants. In total, 18 of those are labeled as particularly difficult-to-remove chemicals. These micropollutants are suggested as candidates for abatement to lower the required effort in drinking water production.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44150665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential of Pseudomonas yamanorum for the valorization of municipal biosolids 山氏假单胞菌在城市生物固体中增值的潜力

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-12 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.003

Jordan Lussier, L. Lonappan, H. Cabana

{"title":"Potential of Pseudomonas yamanorum for the valorization of municipal biosolids","authors":"Jordan Lussier, L. Lonappan, H. Cabana","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It is generally accepted that some trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) pass through the wastewater treatment process without being properly treated and find their way into waterbodies. These molecules can also be concentrated within the biosolids (BS) through adsorption. The presence of TrOCs in BS, which are then commonly used as soil amendments in agriculture, may affect plant growth and viability. The potential risks posed by TrOCs are being usually ignored because they are present in low concentrations and mostly have relatively short half-lives. However, the continuous addition of these substances in water sources and on farmlands makes them pseudo-persistent. To reduce the concentrations of selected TrOCs from these BS, Pseudomonas yamanorum LBUM636 (PY) was tested with and without a commercial bacterial blend of Bacillus spp. (BC). About 60% removal of atrazine was achieved using PY-amended BS. Bioslurries inoculated with PY had relatively high laccase activity at about 2,200 U/L. Laccase activity was seven times higher in samples where BC was also present, which suggests a synergistic effect between BC and PY. Concentrations of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, an antibiotic with a biopesticide effect, were also relatively important in PY-inoculated bioslurries.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49061984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tannery effluent treatment and its environmental impact: a review of current practices and emerging technologies 制革厂废水处理及其对环境的影响:对当前做法和新兴技术的审查

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.002

A. Bhardwaj, Sanjeev Kumar, Davinder Singh

{"title":"Tannery effluent treatment and its environmental impact: a review of current practices and emerging technologies","authors":"A. Bhardwaj, Sanjeev Kumar, Davinder Singh","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The tannery industry plays a significant role in the economy but poses a severe environmental threat due to its high water and chemical usage, leading to wastewater generation with a high concentration of pollutants. This wastewater contains a range of contaminants created throughout the leather manufacturing process, making effluent disposal a significant challenge for the industry. The tanning process also contributes significantly to the pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), and concentrations of T Cr, Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cl−, sulfate, sulfide, and inorganic constituents in the wastewater. This review paper provides a concise overview of the origins and characteristics of post-tanning effluent, different treatment techniques, and applications of treated wastewater. Comparing the prominent tannery effluent technologies, adsorption and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) effectively improved wastewater biodegradability before biological treatment. AOPs, enzymatic, adsorption, and coagulation treatment effectively upgraded the effluent to desired levels for disposal. Additionally, membrane separation processes have shown high pertinency in cases where the treated effluent is intended for reuse, whereas hybrid technologies can be the answer for better and cost-effective results.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43518795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Investigation of a basic nitrification–denitrification biofiltration system for primary wastewater treatment 用于污水一级处理的基本硝化-反硝化生物过滤系统研究

IF 2.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.2166/wqrj.2023.103

W. Hassen, A. Ben Rejab, B. Hassen, N. Jdidi, A. Hassen

{"title":"Investigation of a basic nitrification–denitrification biofiltration system for primary wastewater treatment","authors":"W. Hassen, A. Ben Rejab, B. Hassen, N. Jdidi, A. Hassen","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2023.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2023.103","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The study aimed to eliminate the nitrogen and its main residual forms from municipal wastewater by using a biofilter system adapted for a small community. The biological nitrification/denitrification system used involved two successive PVC columns; a first gravel column (C1) loaded with primary wastewater followed by a second sandy column (C2). A complex biofilm development on the gravel and sand materials has been confirmed by scanning electron microscope. The efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), BOD5, TSS, and NH4+-N removal from primary wastewater reached 75.3, 88.4, 83.5, and 88.1%, respectively, at the exit of the sandy column (C2). Inoculation with activated sludge as an external carbon source allowed an improvement in the nitrate removal, from 80 to 28 mg/l N-NO3. However, sludge inoculation showed non-significant fecal coliforms and Streptococcus contamination, and the biofilter appeared as effective for total nitrogen removal and a bacterial abatement of over 3.2 U-log10. The average bacterial removal seemed directly related to the applied load of about 50 cm/day and a tertiary disinfection treatment, such as UV-C254 irradiation, is needed as a preventive step to ensure the removal of pathogens.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45991580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0