{"title":"Female Saints as Agents of Female Healing","authors":"Iliana Kandzha","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.7","url":null,"abstract":"This essay studies the mechanics informing the construction of a single\u0000 healing cult, that of the virgin saint Empress Cunigunde (c.980-1033)\u0000 and its gender aspects. The shrine of St. Cunigunde in Bamberg was well\u0000 known as a healing space after her canonization in 1200, although the\u0000 first miracle collection does not reveal any medical specialization of the\u0000 cult. Using previously neglected late medieval narrative and archival\u0000 material, the essay shows that Cunigunde was a popular female patron\u0000 whose assistance was sought by women, especially during childbirth. This\u0000 case of female medical patronage is analysed alongside similar practices\u0000 in the cults of other saints and is regarded as one of the resources for\u0000 female convalescence in the medical market of that time.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132926963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Domestic Care in the Sixteenth Century","authors":"Cordula Nolte","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.13","url":null,"abstract":"This essay combines a gendered approach with a perspective on the\u0000 spatial, material, and performative dimensions of care practices within\u0000 sixteenth-century German domestic environments. Terminological and\u0000 semantic challenges of premodern and modern vocabularies are discussed\u0000 first. The essay questions dichotomies between public, communal, and\u0000 institutional care versus private, domestic care in light of the collaboration\u0000 between internal and external experts and the collective nature\u0000 of infirmity and caregiving. Using a case study of written and pictorial\u0000 instructions in an illustrated surgeon’s manual, the essay suggests the\u0000 value of interdisciplinary approaches to the field of premodern care.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115526229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ubi non est mulier, ingemiscit egens?","authors":"Eva-Maria Cersovsky","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.12","url":null,"abstract":"This essay studies the feminization of different caring practices by examining\u0000 the cultural meanings attached to the biblical proverb Sirach 36:27.\u0000 Touching on diverse sources, it investigates three interrelated contexts of\u0000 use. In particular, I explore discourses on wifely responsibilities towards\u0000 the needy husband; on charitable care for the sick and poor; and on the\u0000 nature and social status of women. I suggest that by using the proverb as\u0000 an argument, learned men subsumed a wide variety of caring practices\u0000 under received notions of essentially female duties and innate qualities,\u0000 connected above all to gendered ideas of compassion. However, the essay\u0000 also highlights ambivalent attitudes towards female caregivers, as well\u0000 as their agency and power, that surface within these complex discourses.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127015641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding/Controlling the Female Body in Ten Recipes","authors":"J. G. Martins","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.11","url":null,"abstract":"In 1529, a book called Dificio di ricette was published in Venice. It included\u0000 ten recipes concerned with the female body, which aimed to instruct\u0000 readers but also allowed them to control the female body, especially\u0000 where reproduction was concerned. This book initiated a new trend\u0000 of vernacular medical texts directed to a broad audience; it described\u0000 practices, prescribed models, and served as a tool for readers to create\u0000 their own experiments. When translated into other vernaculars, recipes\u0000 were adapted to new readerships, with publishers and translators closely\u0000 engaging and transforming their texts, reshaping the knowledge they\u0000 diffused. By encouraging the discussion of these matters more openly\u0000 in the vernacular, recipes potentially allowed female readers to actively\u0000 regulate their own bodies.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131636408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Household Medicine for a Renaissance Court","authors":"S. Barker, S. Strocchia","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.10","url":null,"abstract":"Household recipe books were the most prevalent form of women’s authoritative\u0000 medical writing in Renaissance Europe. Among the most significant\u0000 female-authored collections from fifteenth-century Italy was that of Caterina\u0000 Sforza (1463-1509), Countess of Imola and Forlì. Two recently discovered\u0000 manuscripts shed new light on her creative praxis and the practical knowledge\u0000 she collected, developed, and tested. We argue that Caterina’s vast\u0000 miscellany of ‘secrets’ must be read intentionally within the context of a\u0000 household economy writ large, simultaneously serving the health needs and\u0000 political objectives of a Renaissance court. These discoveries highlight the\u0000 authority of experiential knowledge within the domestic realm and beyond.\u0000 Since the manuscripts were subjected to censorship, we interrogate the later\u0000 reclassification of some of Caterina’s authoritative knowledge as heterodox.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129681289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Caring by the Hours","authors":"S. Ritchey","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.6","url":null,"abstract":"This essay explores a psalter, Liège, Bibliothèque de l’Université MS 431, as a tool for the construction and transmission of women’s therapeutic knowledge. It places the psalter in its institutional context at the beguinage of St. Christopher’s, which maintained relationships with hospitals and a leprosarium in Liège. Given its context in feminine circuits of care, the essay argues that several features of this psalter, supported by comparative evidence from other contemporaneous psalters from the region, indicate the ways that beguines incorporated prayer and liturgical performance into their practice of daily caregiving.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115316133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Blood, Milk, and Breastbleeding","authors":"Montserrat Cabré, F. Salmón","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.8","url":null,"abstract":"In humoral physiology the pregnant body was considered capable of\u0000 transforming menstrual blood into nourishment for the foetus. After\u0000 childbirth, blood became breast milk. However, this harmonic continuum\u0000 was threatened when the maternal body was unable to transform blood\u0000 into milk: in the Hippocratic aphorism 5.40, when blood cannot be transformed\u0000 in the breasts of women, it indicates madness. We analyse medieval\u0000 interpretations of this condition through the commentaries of university\u0000 masters who examined this textual and clinical reality. We discuss how\u0000 humoral physiology – an extremely flexible system of thought – could\u0000 only conceive of maternal bleeding breasts with recourse to madness.\u0000 Disharmony in the maternal body not only disrupted the physiological\u0000 routine but also the symbolic function of mothering.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124995506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bathtubs as a Healing Approach in Fifteenth-Century Ottoman Medicine","authors":"A. Atat","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb78b.14","url":null,"abstract":"The fifteenth-century Ottoman physician Muhammad al-Shirwānī’s\u0000 extensive encyclopedia of pharmaceutical science, Rawdat al-ʿitr (Garden\u0000 of pharmacy/perfumes’), is an important source for understanding\u0000 Ottoman medicine. The work includes a specific chapter about using\u0000 bathtubs in urgent cases, along with self-prepared remedies. This essay\u0000 contextualizes al-Shirwānī’s encyclopedia within the traditions of Arabic\u0000 and Ottoman medicine. It presents the first English translation of al-\u0000 Shirwānī’s chapter on bathtubs and analyses the kinds of ailments that\u0000 could be treated by this technique, as well as the types of materia medica\u0000 used in therapeutic preparations. Al-Shirwānī’s inclusion of an extended\u0000 chapter devoted specifically to this home-based approach suggests that\u0000 household medicine was emerging as an authoritative terrain of both\u0000 Arabic and Ottoman medicine.","PeriodicalId":237056,"journal":{"name":"Gender, Health, and Healing, 1250-1550","volume":"28 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120927751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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