Blood, Milk, and Breastbleeding

Montserrat Cabré, F. Salmón
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Abstract

In humoral physiology the pregnant body was considered capable of transforming menstrual blood into nourishment for the foetus. After childbirth, blood became breast milk. However, this harmonic continuum was threatened when the maternal body was unable to transform blood into milk: in the Hippocratic aphorism 5.40, when blood cannot be transformed in the breasts of women, it indicates madness. We analyse medieval interpretations of this condition through the commentaries of university masters who examined this textual and clinical reality. We discuss how humoral physiology – an extremely flexible system of thought – could only conceive of maternal bleeding breasts with recourse to madness. Disharmony in the maternal body not only disrupted the physiological routine but also the symbolic function of mothering.
血、奶和乳房出血
在体液生理学中,怀孕的身体被认为有能力将经血转化为胎儿的营养。分娩后,血液变成了母乳。然而,当母亲的身体无法将血液转化为乳汁时,这种和谐的连续性受到了威胁:在希波克拉底的格言5.40中,当血液不能在女性的乳房中转化时,这意味着疯狂。我们通过大学大师的评论来分析中世纪对这种情况的解释,他们研究了这种文本和临床现实。我们讨论了体液生理学——一个极其灵活的思维系统——如何只能在疯狂的情况下构想出母亲流血的乳房。母亲身体的不和谐不仅破坏了生理常规,也破坏了母性的象征功能。
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