World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Plants' steroidal saponins - A review on its pharmacology properties and analytical techniques","authors":"Nagendra Singh Chauhan, Sudha Porte, V. Joshi, K. Shah","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.353503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.353503","url":null,"abstract":"The plant is a rich repository of useful secondary metabolites with profound medicinal potential. Saponins, one type of bioactive compound, are amphitheatric glycosides with one and more hydrophilic sugar and hydrophobic steroidal and terpenoid part. The former is known as steroidal saponin, and the latter is called terpenoid saponins. Steroidal saponin is mostly distributed among monocotyledon families such as Asparagaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Smilacaceae, and Liliaceae. Even though it is unusual, it could also be detected to some extent by dicotyledonous angiosperms, such as Plantaginaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, and Solanaceae. It exhibits diverse pharmacological ability including antimicrobic, anti-inflammatory, cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitory, antiadipogenic, bactericide, cardioprotective, antitumor, antidiabetic, cytotoxic activity, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective. Steroidal saponin timosaponin AIII from Anemarrhena asphodeloides has been found to possess antitumor activity. Diosgenin, another steroidal sapogenin, has the potential of preventing neurological diseases by affecting different signaling pathways, increasing bone formation, and increasing antithrombotic activity. Spicatoside A from Liriope platyphylla possesses anti-inflammatory, antiasthma, and antiosteoclastogenic activities. TTB2 from Trillium tschonoskii exhibits anticancer potential. The cell cycle arrest and ROS-dependent autophagy are induced by polyphyllin I. These diverse biological activities of steroidal saponins are attributed to the variability of their structural features. Analysis of steroidal saponins in plant materials mainly utilizes classically and advances thin layer chromatography (TLC) on normal and reverses-phase (high-performance thin-layer chromatography, densitometric TLC), gas chromatography, LC, UPLC, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), supercritical fluid chromatography, and HPLC coupled to ultraviolet detector and diode array detector. HPLC coupled with MS and Nuclear magnetic resonance is used for online identification of separated saponins. The present review aims to furnish a comprehensive account of the recent advances in analytical methods of determination and medicinal applications of steroidal saponins.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"350 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45965678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of Shanghanlun on Japanese kampo medicine","authors":"Hiromichi Yasui, Liwu Zeng, Zhang Tao, Hui-Jun Wang, Kai Zhong, Lin-lin Shao, Guoqun Zhang","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.344545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.344545","url":null,"abstract":"Shanghanlun is a classic work in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which systematically discusses diagnosis and treatment ideas based on syndrome differentiation and records a large number of highly practical prescriptions. When Shanghanlun was introduced into Japan along with the communication between China and Japan in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it had a profound influence on the development of Kampo medicine in Japan. By sorting out the works related to Shanghanlun in the medical history literature of Kampo medicine before the Meiji Restoration, this paper discusses the relationship between Shanghanlun and the Koho school of Kampo medicine, as well as the influence of the thought “formula corresponding to pattern identification,” originating from the Koho school, on the development of modern Kampo medicine. The study of Shanghanlun by Kampo medicine nowadays not only attaches great importance to clinical practicality but also has theoretical discussions. It is expected that future medical exchanges between China and Japan will complement each other from the perspectives of both sides and promote the theoretical and clinical development of TCM.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"436 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46734637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous determination of eleven bioactive constituents in honey-processed licorice by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector and its application from the perspective of processing influence under orthogonal design","authors":"Li-hong Chen, Yuanpeng Sun, H. Cai, Shuang Guo, Xiachang Wang, Wei-Dong Li, Chunqin Mao, Xun-hong Liu, Lin Yan, Heng-li Jiang, Tu-lin Lu","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.344543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.344543","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a reliable approach to simultaneously quantify 11 markers and explore the quality variation in honey-processed licorice. Materials and Methods: A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 11 markers (nine flavonoids and two triterpenoid saponins) in honey-processed licorice. The changes to the 11 markers in honey-processed licorice were investigated using an orthogonal design with three input factors. Results: The established method was precise, accurate, and sensitive enough for the simultaneous quantitative evaluation of 11 markers in honey-processed licorice. Intuitive analysis and variance analysis revealed that (1) the soaking time of crude licorice, stir-frying temperature, and stir-frying time remarkably influenced the content of liquiritin apioside, signifying the decomposition of liquiritin apioside to liquiritin or transformation of liquiritin apioside to isoliquiritin apioside, (2) stir-frying temperature significantly influenced licorice-saponin G2, (3) stir-frying temperature was the most important factor of the three input factors, (4) in terms of composition, honey fried licorice had significant effects on two components, namely liquiritin apioside and licorice-saponin G2. Conclusions: Honey processing influenced the content of the 11 licorice analytes differently. This paper highlights the first report on how the quality of honey-processed licorice varies under different processing conditions and suggests the optimal levels of the investigated three factors as A2B2C3 according to the degrees of influence of these factors on the 11 components. Specifically, the soaking time of crude licorice with honey solution, stir-frying temperature, and stir-frying time were 40 min, 100°C, and 20 min, respectively.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"395 - 401"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45956304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological, ethnomedicinal, and evidence-based comparative review of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Shigru) and its potential role in the management of malnutrition in Tribal Regions of India, especially Chhattisgarh","authors":"P. Gupta, Kishor Sonewane, ShardaSwaroop Chouhan, M. Rajan, Nagendra Singh Chauhan, O. Rout, Awanish Kumar, G. Baghel","doi":"10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_69_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_69_21","url":null,"abstract":"Moringa oleifera Lam. (Shigru) (Moringaceae family) is a traditional medicine used for control of diabetes, obesity, asthma, and cardiac, liver, gastrointestinal, infective, and brain disorders, such as depression and Alzheimer's disease. In Ayurvedic literature, Shigru is among few drugs having Balya (nourishing) as well as Medohara (antiobesity) property. This review focuses on valid connections between the properties documented in ancient literature and current pharmacological knowledge of Moringa, including pharmacological actions, phytochemistry, botanical description, and how Moringa can tackle malnutrition in India, especially Chhattisgarh. All information about M. oleifera was obtained from electronic scientific databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Traditional Knowledge Digital Library, and Indian Traditional Books (Ancient Ayurveda literatures, The Wealth of India, and The Ayurvedic Formulary of India), postgraduate/doctoral thesis, and googling the keyword M. oleifera. M. oleifera have anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, wound-healing properties and it can potentially tackle malnutrition. This review describes the key information related to botanical description of M. oleifera, phytochemistry, pharmacological actions, clinical studies, toxicological studies, better utilization as food therapeutics, and ethnobotanical and evidence-based comparative review of M. oleifera. M. oleifera can effectively tackle malnutrition in India, especially Chhattisgarh. The authors emphasize the need for future in-depth ethnopharmacological lead-based research and clinical studies to expand M. oleifera pharmacological activities, clinical efficacy, and safety.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"314 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44217512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese medicines against COVID-19: A global overview","authors":"Chang-liang Yao, Wen-long Wei, Jianqing Zhang, Qi-rui Bi, Jiayuan Li, I. Khan, R. Bauer, D. Guo","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.353502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.353502","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, continues to be a global concern. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are an important element of the fight against COVID-19 in China. The combined application of TCMs and conventional medicines in the treatment of COVID-19 has achieved beneficial results, including the resolution of symptoms, prevention of disease progression, and reduced mortality. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current applications of TCMs with respect to COVID-19, as well as update the preclinical and clinical research, including chemical analysis, molecular mechanisms, quality control, drug development, and studies of clinical efficacy. The expectation is that a better understanding of the roles of TCMs against COVID-19 will improve the response to COVID-19, both in China and globally.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"279 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48683378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on quality markers and action mechanisms of inulae flos on anti-hepatitis through network pharmacology and high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprints","authors":"Li Lin, Lian-lin Su, Huan-huan Li, Chunqin Mao, De Ji, Hui Xie, Tu-lin Lu","doi":"10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_1_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_1_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to combine network pharmacology with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to screen for quality markers (Q-markers) of Inulae Flos and predict mechanism on anti-hepatitis. Materials and Methods: Active ingredient library of Inulae Flos is structured using databases and the literature. “Compound-target-pathway” network on anti-hepatitis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network are constructed using network pharmacology. Next, chromatographic fingerprints of Inulae Flos in 7 origins are obtained through HPLC, and chemometric analysis is implemented to identify chemical markers, which is combined with network pharmacology to identify Q-markers and detect content. Results: 1,6-O, O-Diacetylbritannilactone, Ivangustin, and Inulanolide A are key ingredients of Inulae Flos to interact with 82 potential targets related to anti-hepatitis. Furthermore, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, and transcription factor AP-1 are the core targets in the PPI network. Chromatographic fingerprints of the Inulae Flos define 20 common peaks and identify 8 peaks using reference substances. Through partial least square discriminant analysis, 7 compounds including caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 1,6-O, O-Diacetylbritannilactone were main chemical markers for variability. 1,6-O, O-Diacetylbritannilactone is both a key ingredient and exclusive chemical marker. Therefore, 1,6-O, O-diacetylbritannilactone is a Q-marker of Inulae Flos, and the average content is 1.82 mg/g. Conclusion: 1,6-O, O-diacetylbritannilactone is determined to be a Q-marker of Inulae Flos.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"426 - 435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41911450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of ferulic acid on regulating the neurovascular unit: Implications for ischemic stroke treatment","authors":"Xiang Wang, Xinran Liu, Ke-xin Li, Xiang-hui Fan, Yang Liu","doi":"10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_76_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_76_21","url":null,"abstract":"Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic phytochemical with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects. In recent years, the neuroprotective effects of FA have been studied extensively. Many researchers have attempted to use FA to prevent and treat neurological diseases and have made some progress. This paper mainly collated the study of the protective effect of FA on stroke and summarized the protective effect of FA on ischemic stroke and the potential protective effects of FA on neurovascular units.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"210 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47231314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evidence on the effects of saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) in anxiety and depression","authors":"Vanktesh Kumar, N. Kaur, P. Wadhwa","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.321340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.321340","url":null,"abstract":"Crocus sativus L., a member of the Iridaceae family, commonly known as saffron has very much popular as both medicine and spice. Earlier saffron was used as one of the important constituents in opioid preparations for pain relief. Its uses in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression are well documented. Depression can affect the quality of life of individuals by causing headaches, difficulty in thinking, and loss of interest. Many clinical trials have been conducted for evaluating the efficacy of saffron in depression cases. Almost fifty constituents of C. sativus L are well known. Few of the major constituents include crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal. In the present review, the main focus is on the antidepressant effects of saffron and its major constituents, in which it was found that saffron has substantial effects on depression and anxiety because of double-blind study the data can be trusted.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"181 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70432287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Andrographolide protects retinal ganglion cells in rats with glaucoma by regulating the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 signaling pathway","authors":"Jun Li, Jingwen Lu, Guang-hui Chen, Dan Li","doi":"10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_50_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_50_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim is to investigate the protective effect of andrographolide (AP) on retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in rats with glaucoma and its mechanism. Methods: ninety-six adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, chronic ocular hypertension (CHOT) group, vehicle group, and AP group. The density of RGCs and the number of apoptotic cells in retinal slices were evaluated, and the function of RGC was evaluated by photopic negative wave response (PhNR). The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 in the retina was detected. Results: (1) The density of RGC in the CHOT and vehicle groups were significantly lower than that in the NC and AP (P < 0.01). After AP intervention, the RGC density of the rats significantly increased (P < 0.01). The ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the CHOT and vehicle groups was obviously thinner, and the thickness of the GCL was partially restored in the AP group. (2) A large number of terminal deoxytransferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells were found in the GCL of the CHOT and vehicle groups, but only a few TUNEL positive cells were found in the AP group. The percentage of TUNEL positive cells was 8.80 ± 4.97%, 37.00 ± 5.27%, 46.16 ± 6.50%, and 22.29 ± 3.52% for groups NC, CHOT, vehicle, and AP, respectively. (3) At 2 weeks, the amplitude of PhNR in the CHOT and vehicle groups decreased by 63.22 ± 13.89% and 57.88 ± 6.95%, respectively. The amplitude of PhNR in the AP group was only 22.56 ± 6.44% lower than that in the NC group. The AP intervention significantly reduced the decrease of the PhNR amplitude in CHOT eyes. (4) Compared with the NC group, the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased in the CHOT and vehicle groups, and the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and caspase-3 significantly increased in the CHOT and vehicle groups, which could be reversed by AP treatment. The trend of the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was consistent with that of the western blot analysis. Conclusion: The protective effect of caspase-3/Bcl-2 may be achieved through the regulation of the Caspase-3/Bcl-2 pathway in the rat retina.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"241 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49215344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Danhong injection improves elective percutaneous coronary intervention in ua patients with blood stasis syndrome revealed by perioperative metabolomics","authors":"Qian-qian Niu, Wen-long Xing, Yu-tong Wang, Yan-wei Zhu, Hong-xu Liu","doi":"10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_63_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_63_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To observe the effect of Danhong injection (DHI) on perioperative metabolomics of unstable angina pectoris (UA) with blood stasis syndrome. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled, and single-blind clinical trial was conducted. Sixty-one UA patients with traditional Chinese medicine blood stasis syndrome undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly divided into the Danhong and control groups, and 10 healthy volunteers were included as baseline. The Danhong group received western medicine + DHI treatment, while the control group received western medicine + saline. Nontargeted metabolomics was used to analyze the serum metabolites of healthy volunteers in the Danhong and control groups before and 5 days after PCI. Results: Before treatment, there was no significant difference in serum metabolites between the Danhong and control groups, but there was a significant difference between the two groups and the healthy group. Differential metabolites were clustered mainly in glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, purine, and amino acid groups, which were generated in their metabolic pathways. After 5 days of PCI, the profiles of serum metabolites were significantly closer between the Danhong-or control-treated groups and that of the healthy group. Furthermore, DHI treatment converted the serum metabolite profile more to that of the healthy group than the control treatment. Conclusion: The beneficial effect of DHI on patients with unstable angina is reflected at the level of serum metabolic biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"247 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42941672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}