World Journal of Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of alpha-lipoic acid and <i>Silybum marianum</i> supplementation with a Mediterranean diet on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis.","authors":"Ana D Cano Contreras, María Del Rocío Francisco, Jose L Vargas Basurto, Kevin D Gonzalez-Gomez, Mercedes Amieva-Balmori, Federico Roesch Dietlen, José M Remes-Troche","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101704","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.101704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has focused on the control of comorbidities. <i>Silybum marianum</i> (SM) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) have shown antioxidant and adjuvant effects on the control of metabolic disorders.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate whether the SM-ALA formulation (LUDLEV^®), in combination with the Mediterranean diet (MD), could improve MASLD-related liver injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on patients with MASLD. Administration of SM-ALA plus MD (group A) <i>vs</i> placebo plus MD (group B) was compared for 24 weeks. At baseline and weeks 12 and 24, anthropometric measurements, metabolic parameters, and liver function were analyzed. Clinical effectiveness was evaluated through transient elastography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty patients aged 54 ± 10 years were included, and the majority (74%) were female. Reduced visceral fat and umbilical circumference were reported in both groups, with significance in group A (<i>P</i> = 0.045 and 0.003, respectively). The decrease in controlled attenuation parameter was gradual and maintained at 12 and 24 weeks in group A (<i>P</i> = 0.026), whereas in group B the decrease was greater at week 12 and remained unchanged at week 24 (^∆controlled attenuation parameter: -27 dB/m). Mild adverse effects were reported in 4 patients in group A (16%) and 4 patients in group B (16%), with no significant differences between groups (<i>P</i> = 0.641).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SM-ALA (LUDLEV^®) combined with the MD can promote the improvement of metabolic parameters, reducing visceral fat and hepatic steatosis in Mexican patients with MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"101704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research hotspots and trends in gut microbiota and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A bibliometric study.","authors":"Cai-Yun Huang, Zhong-Zhi Luo, Wei-Ping Huang, Li-Ping Lin, You-Ting Yao, Han-Xu Zhuang, Qiu-Yong Xu, Ya-Dong Lai","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.102034","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.102034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research indicates that the intestinal microbial community, known as the gut microbiota, may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To understand this relationship, this study used a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore and analyze the currently little-known connection between gut microbiota and NAFLD, as well as new findings and possible future pathways in this field.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To provide an in-depth analysis of the current focus issues and research developments on the interaction between gut microbiota and NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, all data were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection, and the related searches were completed on one day (February 21, 2024). The data were stored in plain text format to facilitate subsequent analysis. VOSviewer 1.6.20 and CiteSpace 6.1R6 Basic were used for knowledge graph construction and bibliometric analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included a total of 1256 articles published from 2013 to 2023, and the number of published papers demonstrated an upward trend, reaching a peak in the last two years. The University of California, San Diego held the highest citation count, while Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China led in the number of published works. The journal \"<i>Nutrients</i>\" had the highest publication count, while \"<i>Hepatology</i>\" was the most frequently cited. South Korean author Suk Ki Tae was the most prolific researcher. The co-cited keyword cluster labels revealed ten major clusters, namely cortisol, endothelial dysfunction, carbohydrate metabolism, myocardial infarction, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, lipotoxicity, glucagon-like peptide-1, non-islet dependent, ethnicity, and microRNA. Keyword outbreak analysis highlighted metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiovascular disease, intestinal permeability, and intestinal bacterial overgrowth as prominent areas of intense research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through the quantitative analysis of relevant literature, the current research focus and direction of gut microbiota and NAFLD can be more clearly understood, which helps us better understand the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and also opens up innovative solutions and strategies for the treatment of NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"102034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of chylous ascites after liver cirrhosis: A case report.","authors":"Zong-Qiang Chen, Shu-Jun Zeng, Chun Xu","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.100797","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.100797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chylous ascites is an uncommon condition, occurring in less than 1% of ascites cases. It results from traumatic or obstructive disruption of the lymphatic system, causing the leakage of thoracic or intestinal lymph into the abdominal cavity. This leads to the accumulation of a milky, triglyceride-rich fluid. In adults, malignancy and cirrhosis are the primary causes of chylous ascites. Notably, chylous ascites accounts for only 0.5% to 1% of all cirrhosis-related ascites cases. At present, there is a limited understanding of this condition, and effective timely management in clinical practice remains challenging.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>This case report presents a patient with hepatic cirrhosis complicated by chylous ascites, who had experienced multiple hospitalizations due to abdominal distension. Upon admission, comprehensive examinations and assessments were conducted. The treatment strategy focused on nutritional optimization through a low-sodium, low-fat, and high-protein diet supplemented with medium-chain triglycerides, therapeutic paracentesis, and diuretics. Following a multidisciplinary discussion and thorough evaluation of the patient's condition, surgical indications were confirmed. After informing the patient about the benefits and risks, and obtaining consent, a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure was performed, successfully alleviating the abdominal swelling symptoms. This article details the clinical characteristics and treatment approach for this uncommon case, summarizing current management methods for hepatic cirrhosis complicated by chylous ascites. The aim is to provide valuable insights for clinicians encountering similar situations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optimizing nutrition and addressing the underlying cause are essential in the treatment of chylous ascites. When conservative approaches prove ineffective, alternative interventions such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"100797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outpatient management after hospitalisation for acute decompensation of cirrhosis: A practical guide.","authors":"Adonis A Protopapas, Alexandra Tsankof, Ioanna Papagiouvanni, Georgia Kaiafa, Lemonia Skoura, Christos Savopoulos, Ioannis Goulis","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1377","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute decompensation in cirrhotic patients signifies the onset of clinically evident events due to portal hypertension. The transition from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis involves hemodynamic changes leading to multiorgan dysfunction, managed predominantly in outpatient settings with regular monitoring. The mortality risk is elevated in decompensated patients. Therefore, diligent outpatient management should focus on regular medical follow-ups, medication adjustments, patient education, addressing emergent issues and evaluation for liver transplantation. The ultimate goal is to improve quality of life, prevent disease progression, reduce complications, and assess possible recompensation. This guide provides valuable recommendations for medical experts managing decompensated cirrhotic patients post-hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"16 12","pages":"1377-1394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of autoimmune phenomena in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on the basis of liver pathology.","authors":"Yu-Jin Zhu, Yan Zhang, Yao Rao, Yong Jiang, Yong-Gang Liu, Jian-Zhou Li, Jia-Qi Yuan, Ying Zhao, Wen-Wen Zheng, Lin Ma, Chun-Yan Wang, Jia Li","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1407","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autoimmune phenomena can be used in some patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the clinic, but these patients are not autoimmune hepatitis patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine whether autoimmunity is present in patients with NAFLD, this study was performed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 104 patients with NAFLD diagnosed by liver biopsy at Tianjin Second People's Hospital between 2019 and 2023 were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups according to their biopsy results: The NAFL (<i>n</i> = 36), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (<i>n</i> = 51), and liver cirrhosis groups (<i>n</i> = 17).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The differences in IgA, an immune marker, among the three groups of patients were statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.025). In all NAFLD patients, antinuclear antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody were the most common autoantibodies. The antinuclear antibody detection rate was the highest at 48.1%. The cirrhosis group had the highest autoantibody positivity rate (64.7%). Portal enlargement is also common in NAFLD patients. The rates of positivity for portal lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, small bile duct hyperplasia and interfacial hepatitis were highest in the cirrhosis group; the differences between the cirrhosis group and the other two groups were significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Hepatocellular rosettes were identified only in the cirrhosis group (11.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Autoimmune phenomena occur in NAFLD patients, especially in patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis, in whom this phenomenon may be more pronounced.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"16 12","pages":"1407-1416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the history and trends of liver transplantation for echinococcosis: A bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Alimujiang Mamuti, Aliya Tulading, Yun-Fei Zhang, Yilizhati Azhati, Abudusalamu Tuersunmaimaiti, Maiwulanjiang Maimaiti, Chun-Hui Lv, Jing Wu, Gang Yao, Amina Aierken, Tuerhongjiang Tuxun","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1493","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver transplantation (LT) has demonstrated favorable efficacy in managing end-stage alveolar echinococcosis. Nevertheless, the current research focal points and advancement trends remain ambiguous.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To map the research landscape to underscore critical areas of focus, influential studies, and future directions of LT for echinococcosis treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publications on LT for echinococcosis treatment published between 1900 and 2023 were searched in the Web of Science database and analyzed using bibliometrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 14 countries/regions, 75 institutions, and 499 authors have published research articles, with China, Turkey, and France being the three most productive countries. The four institutions with the most contributions were Sichuan University, Xinjiang Medical University, the University de Franche Comte, and Inonu University. The three authors who contributed the most were Wen Hao, Wang Wentao, and Bresson Hadni Solange. The four most common keywords were alveolar echinococcosis, LT, <i>ex-vivo</i> liver resection and autotransplantation, and echinococcosis multilocularies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study found that the treatment of complications after LT for echinococcosis treatment and the preoperative surgical plan based on the anatomical relationship between the lesion and the blood vessel are early research hotspots. Recent research focuses on the treatment of complications after <i>ex-vivo</i> liver resection and autotransplantation, especially vascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"16 12","pages":"1493-1504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing the understanding of liver disease: Metabolism, function and future.","authors":"Arnulfo E Morales-Galicia, Mariana M Ramírez-Mejía, Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodriguez, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1365","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intersection between metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an emerging area of research with significant implications for public health and clinical practice. Wang <i>et al</i>'s study highlights the complexities of managing patients with concurrent MASLD and HBV. The findings revealed that patients with concurrent MASLD-HBV exhibited more severe liver inflammation and fibrosis, whereas those with HBV alone presented a better lipid profile. The growing recognition of metabolic dysfunction in liver disease, reflected in the shift from nonalcoholic liver disease to MASLD, demands updates to clinical guidelines, particularly for patients with dual etiologies. Understanding the biological interactions between MASLD and HBV could lead to novel therapeutic approaches, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies. The coexistence of MASLD and HBV presents therapeutic challenges, particularly in managing advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, which are more likely in these patients. The aim of this editorial is to analyze the interaction between MASLD and HBV, highlight the pathophysiological mechanisms that exacerbate liver disease when both conditions coexist, and discuss the clinical implications of the findings of Wang <i>et al</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"16 12","pages":"1365-1370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological presentation of liver abscesses and hydatid liver disease from two South African tertiary hospitals.","authors":"Krevosha Pillay, Zafar Ahmed Khan, Ekene Emmanuel Nweke, Jones Omoshoro-Jones","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1417","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic abscesses represent infections of the liver parenchyma from bacteria, fungi, and parasitic organisms. Trends in both abscess microbiology and management of abscesses (infective collections) have changed over the past decade. There is a paucity of published data regarding the clinicopathological features of liver abscesses in sub-Saharan Africa and other low-income and middle-income countries.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the clinical presentations of liver abscesses and hydatid liver disease at two South African tertiary-level hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Information accessed from electronic discharge summaries of patients from two South African referral hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa from January 2016 to December 2020 were reviewed and analyzed. All patients older than 13 years presenting with infective liver collections (pyogenic, amoebic) and hydatid disease were included. Clinical findings and laboratory, microbiology, and radiology results and outcomes were collated and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 222 patients were included. There were 123 males (55.41%) and 99 females (44.59%), with a median age of 48 years. Comorbidities included HIV (24.23%), hypertension (20.57%), and diabetes mellitus (16.83%). The majority (74.77%) of abscesses were pyogenic, while amoebic and hydatid abscesses represented 16.22% and 9.01%, respectively. The predominant etiology of the pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA) was biliary-related disease. WBC and C-reactive protein were significantly higher in the pyogenic group (<i>P</i> < 0.0002 and <i>P</i> < 0.007, respectively) when compared to the amoebic and hydatid groups. In patients with PLAs, organisms were cultured on blood in 17.58% and abscess fluid in 56.60%. <i>Klebsiella</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Streptococci</i> were the most cultured organisms. Sixteen percent of the cultures were polymicrobial. In the overall group, 76.00% (<i>n</i> = 169) of patients requiring drainage had a percutaneous transhepatic catheter drain placed, while 8.76% (<i>n</i> = 19) had open surgery. The median length of hospital stay was 13 days. The mortality rate was 3.02%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, the most common type of liver abscess was PLAs of biliary origin in middle-aged males. The microbiology was similar to those described in Asian populations, and non-surgical management <i>via</i> percutaneous drainage was sufficient in the majority of cases with acceptable morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"16 12","pages":"1417-1428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External validation of EncephalApp Stroop test to screen minimal hepatic encephalopathy patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis.","authors":"Ting-Ting Jiang, Xiao-Li Liu, Hao Yu, Ya-Xuan Sun, Jia-Yan Zhou, Zhi-Yun Yang, Guang Chen","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1450","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurocognitive impairment, including minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) and overt hepatic encephalopathy, is one of the most common complications of all types of primary liver diseases, such as hepatitis B, biliary cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis. The EncephalApp Stroop test is a smartphone application-based test that is time-saving for MHE screening. However, neurocognitive impairment is different between alcoholic cirrhosis patients and nonalcoholic cirrhosis patients, so the cutoff value for MHE diagnosis might be inflated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To validate the Stroop test in nonalcoholic cirrhosis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This external validation was performed at the National Center for Infectious Diseases (Beijing). Liver cirrhosis patients aged between 18 and 65 years who voluntarily enrolled in the study and provided signed informed consent were included. The Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) test was used as the standard diagnostic criterion for MHE. The EncephalApp Stroop test was then performed on the iPad, including two sessions of tests (\"off\" and \"on\") to measure patients' ability to differentiate between numbers and letters. We assessed the performance of the EncephalApp Stroop test in terms of the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, with the PHES as the standard criterion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 160 nonalcoholic cirrhosis patients were included in this validation study, including 87 (54.4%) patients without MHE and 73 (45.6%) patients with MHE. Taking the PHES as the gold standard, the EncephalApp Stroop test performed well for nonalcoholic liver cirrhosis patients in terms of \"off\" time [AUC: 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79-0.91] and \"on + off\" time (AUC: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.80-0.91); however, total runs of \"off\" session (AUC: 0.61, 95%CI: 0.52-0.69), total runs of \"on\" session (AUC: 0.57, 95%CI: 0.48-0.65), and \"on - off\" time (AUC: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.44-0.63) were comparatively low. The optimal cutoff points were \"off\" time > 101.93 seconds and \"on + off\" time > 205.86 seconds, with sensitivities of 0.84 and 0.90, specificities of 0.77 and 0.71, positive predictive values of 0.75 and 0.72, and false-positive values of 0.85 and 0.89, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that different cutoffs should be used for the EncephalApp Stroop tool for MHE screening between alcoholic and nonalcoholic living patients, which is a critical check before generalization to screen for neurocognitive impairment among the whole population of chronic liver diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"16 12","pages":"1450-1457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia upregulates hepatic angiopoietin-2 transcription to promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Jun-Ling Yang, Jie Yang, Rong-Fei Fang, Wen-Li Sai, Deng-Fu Yao, Min Yao","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1480","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) level is related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, the dynamic expression and regulatory mechanism of Ang-2 remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate Ang-2 levels in chronic liver diseases and validate early monitoring value with a dynamic model in hepatocarcinogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sprague-Dawley rats in hepatocarcinogenesis were induced with diet 2-fluorenylacet-amide, and grouped based on liver histopathology by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Differently expressed genes or <i>Ang-2</i> mRNA in livers were analyzed by whole-genome microarray. Ang-2 levels in chronic liver diseases were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical observation reveled that the circulating levels of Ang-2 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in patients with chronic liver diseases were progressively increased from benign to HCC (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Dynamic model validated that the up-regulated Ang-2 in liver and blood was positively correlated with HIF-1α in hepatocarcinogenesis (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Mechanistically, Ang-2 was regulated by HIF-1α. When specific HIF-1α- microRNAs transfected into HCC cells, the cell proliferation significantly inhibited, HIF-1α and Ang-2 down-regulated, and also affected epithelial-mesenchymal transition <i>via</i> increasing E-cadherin to block cell invasion or migration with reducing of snail, twist and vimentin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypoxia-induced Ang-2 up-regulating expression might serve as a sensitive early monitoring biomarker for hepatocarcinogenesis or HCC metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":"16 12","pages":"1480-1492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}