Vector borne and zoonotic diseases最新文献

{"title":"Individual, Host-Vector Interactions, and Environmental Risk Factors for <i>Plasmodium knowlesi</i> Malaria Among At-Risk Communities in Peninsular Malaysia: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Hafizah Pasi, Emma Mohamad, Arina Anis Azlan, Mohammad Rezal Hamzah, Mohd Rahim Sulong, Affendi Isa, Sivasangari Genapathy, Hazwani Damanhuri","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0023","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Highlighting the individual, host-vector interactions, and environmental risk factors for knowlesi malaria were consequential toward more focused and effective prevention and control strategies. This study aims to identify the individual, host-vector interactions, and environmental risk factors for Plasmodium knowlesi malaria among at-risk communities in Peninsular Malaysia. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A case-control study was conducted involving laboratory-confirmed cases of P. knowlesi malaria, while a locality-matched individual with no history of fever and tested negative for malaria was taken as control. Univariate and multiple logistic regression were applied to evaluate the potential risk factors among respondents using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Results showed higher cases among males as compared to females (76.1% vs. 23.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed being male is 3.51 higher risk (<i>p</i> < 0.001) to become a case. Respondents whose place of work or study is near the forest edge have 44.0% lower risk (<i>p</i> = 0.030), while those living in the Orang Asli village were 56.0% lower risk as compared to the organized village to become a case (<i>p</i> = 0.035). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These findings demonstrated that gender emerges as an independent individual risk factor while residing near a forest edge, in an Orang Asli village, or occupying workers' longhouses situated in hilly areas lowered the environmental risk among respondents. These findings attested that alternative directions must be considered in addressing the known risk factors associated with this type of malaria and the design of prevention and control programs should be tailored to the unique characteristics of each population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"167-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Behavioral Factors Associated with Dengue Outbreak: An Observational Study from Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.","authors":"Umaer Alam, Aman Agarwal, Hirawati Deval, Rohit Beniwal, Neha Srivastava, Ashok Kumar Pandey, Ayush Mishra, Bimla Dhiman, Tanuja Mishra, Brij Ranjan Misra, Niraj Kumar, Vijay Kumar Srivastava, Angad Singh, Rajni Kant, Manoj Murhekar","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0064","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Clinical and epidemiological aspects of dengue have extensively been studied in India. However, limited data are available on social and behavioral aspects of dengue outbreak. We aimed to fill this gap and wish to study socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors associated with dengue outbreak in the Gorakhpur region of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This retrospective observational study was conducted among dengue patients discharged from hospital. Data on sociodemographic, economic, and behavioral factors of dengue were collected telephonically using a structured questionnaire. Continuous and categorical variables were reported as mean ± SD and numbers (%), respectively. Logistic regression analysis was done to establish association between patient's characteristics, awareness, and preventive behavior. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Age group 19-45 years 156/232, males 159/232, urban residents 142/232, residing in pucca house 187/232, and from lower-income families 149/232 were mostly affected in this outbreak. Patients spent a median of Indian national rupees 20,000 on treatment. Only 10.8% of patients had Ayushman health insurance cards. Awareness about dengue infection was found in∼43% patients. Literates, middle income group, and professionals/semiprofessionals were significantly more aware about dengue disease, mosquito bite, and treatment than their counterparts. Travel history was significantly associated with dengue infection in the males of 19-45 years age group belonging to rural areas. Use of mosquito repellent, nets, wearing full sleeve clothes were significantly less in rural residents while barefoot walking was more frequently observed in this population. Use of mosquito repellent was significantly associated with income, and these were observed more in the middle-income group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> People with low education level, residing in urban areas, residing in pucca houses, who travel frequently, and who belong to lower-income groups were majorly affected by this dengue outbreak. Less dengue awareness and not following preventive practices were found in them. Targeted health education campaigns in urban setting could prevent dengue and economic burden on these vulnerable groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective: Incidence of Clinician-Diagnosed Lyme Disease in Manitoba, Canada 2009-2018.","authors":"Richard Rusk, Salima Gasmi, Annie-Claude Bourgeois, Mandy Whitlock, Gilles R Detillieux, Kelly Stimpert, David Buckeridge, Jules K Koffi","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0088","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Lyme disease (LD) surveillance yields useful information to monitor the disease trends and spatial distribution. However, due to several factors, the Manitoba Health surveillance system, as with other systems, could be subject to underreporting. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To estimate the number and incidence of clinician-diagnosed LD over the study period in Manitoba, describe the epidemiology of clinician-diagnosed LD, and compare the findings with Manitoba Health LD surveillance data during the same period to estimate the extent of underreporting. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis of administrative health data was performed to calculate the number and incidence of clinician-diagnosed LD from 2009 to 2018 in Manitoba and describe the epidemiological characteristics using the <i>International Classification of Diseases</i>, <i>Tenth and Ninth Revision</i> (ICD-10-CA and ICD-9-CM) codes, and antimicrobial drug prescriptions. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Of the 1,629,698 registrants within the Manitoba Health Insurance Registry followed over 10 years, 1658 LD events were identified. Most of the cases occurred from May to July and corresponded to the peak activity of the nymphal stage of the blacklegged tick in the province. LD events presented a bimodal distribution with a peak in children between 5 and 9 years of age for both sexes, and a peak in adults from 65 to 84 and from 50 to 74, respectively, for males and females. We estimated that an average of 165 LD events occurred annually in Manitoba (mean annual incidence of 10.17 per 100,000 population), compared with 30 cases per year reported in the surveillance system; therefore, the LD surveillance yields an important underreporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of <i>Rickettsia amblyommatis</i> in <i>Amblyomma mixtum</i> and <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Ticks Collected from Cattle in Tamaulipas, Mexico.","authors":"Sofía L Luna-Rojas, Edwin Vázquez-Guerrero, Efrén Díaz-Aparicio, Antonio Cantú-Covarrubias, Rigoberto Hernández-Castro, Gerardo Álvarez-Hernández, Paulina Estrada-de Los Santos, J Antonio Ibarra","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0098","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i><b>Background:</b></i> <i>Rickettsia</i> spp. are obligate intracellular bacteria of utmost importance for public health and the economy since their presence can generate significant losses in livestock production, affecting the health of animals, the quality of the meat, milk, and other products derived from affected animals. Therefore, prevention of the transmission of these pathogens, their early identification and timely treatment are essential to mitigate their impact on public health and animal production. <i><b>Materials and Methods:</b></i> In the present work, hard ticks were collected from infested <i>Bos indicus</i> cattle in Aldama, Tamaulipas, Mexico. They were identified by morphology using dichotomous keys and by sequencing and analyzing of a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S. PCR was performed using specific primers targeting <i>Rickettsia</i> sp. <i>gltA</i>. Phylogenetic analyses were performed, aligning the amino acid sequences with Muscle, and a phylogenetic tree was generated using PhyML. <i><b>Results and Conclusions:</b></i> <i>Amblyomma mixtum</i> and <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> ticks infesting the cattle were identified. Using molecular techniques, the presence of <i>Rickettsia amblyommatis</i> was identified in the cohort of analyzed ticks, suggesting a circulation of this pathogen in livestock in this region and granting further research in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"180-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing the Trajectory of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> Research: Eight Decades of Bibliometric Retrospect.","authors":"Ankita Sindhania, Kalpana Baruah, Amit Katewa, Yash Paul Sharma","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0081","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The global burden of mosquito-borne diseases transmitted by <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> mosquitoes has become a pressing public health concern. This study sought to quantify and evaluate about eight decades of publication data on the global epidemiological trend of the diseases transmitted by <i>A. aegypti</i> and <i>A. albopictus</i>. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A comprehensive bibliographic review of literature was performed on <i>A. aegypti</i> and <i>A. albopictus</i> transmitted diseases, focusing on disease transmission, epidemiological trends, vector control strategies, surveillance and monitoring, and international collaborations and initiatives. Extensive data were collected from the Web of Science database and analyzed for citation network analysis (CNA) using VoSviewer software. Data were collected from the Web of Science database encompassing various aspects of <i>Aedes</i>-borne diseases. The bibliographic CNA was performed to quantify and analyze the 77 years of data on <i>A. aegypti</i> and <i>A. albopictus</i> transmitted diseases. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The analysis included 4149 publications contributed by 13,416 authors from 149 countries. These articles comprised research articles (91.01%), review articles (6.267%), proceeding papers (1.76%), and book chapters (0.92%). The results revealed a cumulative h-index of 134, indicating the impact of the scientific output in this field. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This review contributes to the ongoing efforts to mitigate the impact of <i>Aedes</i>-borne diseases and protect public health worldwide. By synthesizing current knowledge and evidence-based practices, the study provides all information related to publications, citations, co-citations, top journal trends, high-impact publications, and collaborations among authors in one place among the data published in the past eight decades on <i>Aedes</i>-borne diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"155-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Morphological and Molecular Tools Can Enhance Tick Species Identification for Improved Tick-Borne Disease Surveillance Among Pastoral Communities in Kenya.","authors":"Hellen Koka, Solomon Langat, Francis Mulwa, James Mutisya, Samuel Owaka, Millicent Sifuna, Juliette R Ongus, Joel Lutomiah, Rosemary Sang","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0034","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Ticks are ecto-parasites of domestic animals, rodents, and wildlife living for periods at a time on one or more vertebrate hosts. They are important vectors of viral, bacterial, or parasitic diseases in livestock and humans. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus and the spotted fever rickettsiae are some of the tick-borne diseases of public health importance reported in Kenya. Their distribution and public health risks among communities, especially pastoralists, remain poorly characterized due to limited surveillance, affected partly by inadequate capacity for tick identification arising from a limited number of skilled taxonomists. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The aim of this survey was to identify tick species currently circulating in different livestock hosts in northern Kenya. Ticks were sampled from cattle, sheep, goats, and camels in Turkana, Isiolo, Baringo, and West Pokot counties, and differential identification was carried out using morphological identification keys followed by molecular characterization based on the cytochrome c oxidase I gene (cox1). Haplotypes were determined using the DnaSP v6 software and phylogenetic relationships inferred using the maximum likelihood algorithm. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 12,206 ticks were collected, from Turkana (45.4%), Isiolo (23.1%), Baringo (22.7%), and West Pokot (8.8%) counties in Kenya. Ten species were confirmed by molecular analysis; H. rufipes, H. impeltatum, H. dromedarii, R. pravus, R. camicasi, R. pulchellus, R. evertsi evertsi, A. variegatum, A. gemma, and A. lepidum. There was no disparity in the morphological and molecular identification of Amblyomma species. However, molecular analysis provided insight into the complexity of morphological identification especially among Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus species. High haplotype diversities (0.857-1.000) and low nucleotide diversities (0.00719-0.06319) were observed in all the tick samples tested. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The findings highlight the diversity of tick species in dry pastoral ecologies in Kenya and the importance of confirming morphological identification by molecular analysis thus contributing to accurate mapping of tick-borne disease distribution and risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i> in Culture from Vellore, South India.","authors":"Janaki Kumaraswamy, Karthik Gunasekaran, Agilandeeswari Kirubanandan, Solomon D'Cruz, Kpp Abhilash, John Antony Jude Prakash","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0070","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Orientia tsutsugamushi, causative agent of scrub typhus is an obligate intracellular parasite. We present information on isolation of this pathogen at a tertiary care centre in Vellore, Southern India. <b><i>Materials & Methods:</i></b> PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) collected from suspected scrub typhus patients were inoculated into Vero and L929 cell lines and incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2 for 30 days. They were examined for presence of Orientia tsutsugamushi on 10, 15, 20 days post-inoculation and everyday thereafter for a maximum of 30 days post inoculation. The scrapings were subjected to Giemsa staining, IFA, 47kDa qPCR and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The isolates were passaged 3-4 times to ensure viability and then stored in DMEM with 10% FBS (-80). Genotyping of the isolates was performed by amplifying a 650 bp segment of the TSA 56 (type specific antigen 56) gene. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Amongst the 50 samples inoculated, three were culture positive as confirmed by 47 kDa qPCR on 24th day post inoculation. This was further confirmed by Giemsa, IFA staining and TEM. The 650bp amplicons showed 99.5 to 100% homology with Orientia tsutsugamushi MW604716, MH003839, MW604718, MW604717, MH922787 and MH003838 strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 2 isolates belong to TA763 genotype and one belongs to Gilliam genotype. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Orientia tsutsugamushi has been isolated for the first time at Vellore, South India from PBMCs. Complete genomic analysis will give more information.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"100-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Emerging Arboviral Infections: A Tertiary Care Hospital-Based Study from Kashmir, Northern India.","authors":"Bashir Ahmad Fomda, Masqooba Murtaza, Dalip K Kakru, Shabir Ahmad Lone, Imtiyaz Sheikh, Shahnawaz Ayoub, Mubashir Nazir","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0085","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Arboviruses are becoming a global public health menace. The common diseases worldwide caused by arboviruses are dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. This study aims to determine the prevalence of these three arboviral infections in patients with acute febrile illness at a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir, North India. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A total of 812 blood samples were collected and tested for anti-dengue, anti-chikungunya immunoglobulin M (IgM), and dengue nonstructural protein 1 antigen by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular testing of these samples was also done to detect dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses by using the CDC Trioplex real-time PCR assay. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence of diseases found among the studied patients was dengue 105/812 (12.93%) followed by chikungunya 17/812 (2.09%), and 3 cases (0.37%) were positive for both dengue and chikungunya; however, no case of Zika was detected. Interestingly, we found that only individuals that had a history of travel to different destinations within the country were positive for these viruses. Most affected cases were males 105/812 (12.93%) compared with females 20/812 (2.46%). Dengue serotyping results indicate that Dengue virus-1 was the most commonly found serotype. The most common symptoms in patients positive for dengue and chikungunya were fever, intense fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, anorexia, conjunctivitis, and skin rash. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study showed that dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses are not prevalent in the indigenous population of Kashmir. However, screening for these agents is required in people who have recently traveled outside Kashmir and have symptoms of acute febrile illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"148-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Clinical and Laboratory Features of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Children and Adults: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study and Literature Review.","authors":"Ilkay Bozkurt, Emine H Erdeniz, Matthew J Riley, Levent Şensoy, Nick J Beeching, Sema Aydogdu, Hakan Leblebicioglu, Gulay Korukluoglu, Tom E Fletcher","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0066","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a major emerging infectious disease threat, and children are reported to have a milder disease course compared with adults, in contrast to other viral hemorrhagic fevers. The aim of this study was to compare adult and pediatric patients with CCHF to improve understanding of pathogenesis and the natural history of the disease. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis of all children and adults admitted with confirmed CCHF between 2011 and 2020. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features were collated on proformas, together with clinical management details. The Severity Grading Score (SGS) system was used to stratify mortality risk. Data from children were compared with adults in the same center and with other published pediatric cohort studies. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 47 children with a median (ranges) age of 14 (2-17) years and 176 adults with a median (ranges) age of 52 (18-83) years with confirmed CCHF were included. The most frequent symptoms in adults were fever, muscle-joint pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting; the most frequent in children were fever, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Adults had lower lymphocyte and platelet counts and higher liver transaminase and creatinine levels than children. SGS values were lower in children, but 97.9% children received ribavirin compared with 8.5% of adults (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and they had associated longer median lengths of hospital admission (10 vs. 7 days, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Mortality of 1 out of 47 (2.1%) children was similar to 11 other cohorts reported in Türkiye and lower than 13.1% in adults (23/176) in the same center (<i>p</i> = 0.059). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Children have lower CCHF-related mortality, less severe disease, and different clinical syndromes at presentation. The majority of published case definitions for screening for CCHF in the main endemic countries do not differentiate between adults and children and omit four of the five most common presenting features in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Animal Infection Model of <i>Spirometra Mansoni</i> and Identification of <i>Spirometra Mansoni</i> by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.","authors":"Anqi Luo, Shuyu Chen, Mingye He, Xiaoruo Tan, Zhikang Li, Wei Liu, Yisong Liu","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0051","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> <i>Spirometra mansoni</i> is a crucial zoonotic parasite. Its larvae are more harmful than adult worms due to their ability to migrate through the host's tissues and organs. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an animal model of spargana for observing pathological changes and exploring diagnostic techniques. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this study, we infected Kunming mice and cats without any pathogens by feeding sparganum (with the scolex and neck) in order to understand the infection cycle of <i>S. mansoni</i> and explore the preservation host of sparganosis. The infection of <i>S. mansoni</i> was determined by fecal detection and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In the model of cats, the eggs of <i>S. mansoni</i> were found in the feces ten days after the infection. The serum-specific IgG antibodies against <i>S. mansoni</i> were positive in experimental groups (mice and cats), and after sixty days, the S. mansoni worms isolated from experimental groups were collected. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In conclusion, the experimental results show that mice and cats can be stably infected with S. mansoni through feeding sparganum (with the scolex and neck). The infection method of this study has the potential to establish a practical model for investigating the diagnostic process of <i>S. mansoni</i>, laying the groundwork for application and development. ELISA was used to diagnose mice and cats infected with sparganosis mansoni, providing a case for non-invasive identification of animal sparganosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"133-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}