West African journal of medicine最新文献_第6页

Knowledge, Risk Perception and Prevention against Diphtheria among Caregivers of Children under-fives in Chikun Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 尼日利亚卡杜纳州奇昆地方政府区五岁以下儿童照料者对白喉的知识、风险认知和预防

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-31

T U Okwute, I A Joshua, S Kabir

{"title":"Knowledge, Risk Perception and Prevention against Diphtheria among Caregivers of Children under-fives in Chikun Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria.","authors":"T U Okwute, I A Joshua, S Kabir","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diphtheria, a re-emerging public health threat, is a vaccine-preventable acute respiratory infection caused by toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Caregivers of this most vulnerable group must be knowledgeable of the disease, its risk factors, and preventive measures to curb its spread.Objectives: To determine the knowledge, risk perception and prevention against diphtheria among caregivers of under fives.Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in January 2024. A total of 288 caregivers of children under five years of age were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique, and data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, and results were presented in tables. The chi-square test was used to test for association between the socio-demographic variables and dependent variables, and the level of statistical significance was set at a p-value of <0.05.Results: The median age of the respondents was 32 ± IQR 10.8 years. About half (51.7%) of the respondents had good knowledge of diphtheria, positive perception of the risk of the disease was reported in 77.1% of the respondents and 75.6% had good practice of the preventive measures against the disease. A quarter (26.8%) of the respondent's children took the complete 3 doses of the pentavalent vaccine.Conclusion: Despite positive diphtheria prevention behaviors, the identified gap in pentavalent vaccination coverage indicates a significant need for community immunization programs. Investigating the factors contributing to this low coverage is crucial for developing effective strategies to strengthen immunization programs.","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"42 7","pages":"542-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the Initial Acquisition of Streptococcus mutans in Infants Born to Pregnant Women Attending the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. 在拉各斯大学教学医院就诊的孕妇所生婴儿最初获得变形链球菌的评估。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-31

O Ashaolu, O O Orenuga, F A Oredugba, F O Nwaokorie

{"title":"Assessment of the Initial Acquisition of Streptococcus mutans in Infants Born to Pregnant Women Attending the Lagos University Teaching Hospital.","authors":"O Ashaolu, O O Orenuga, F A Oredugba, F O Nwaokorie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Streptococcus mutans has been strongly associated with dental caries. The mother, the primary caregiver in the first year of life is the most significant source of the bacteria. The presence of S. mutans in infants from birth to 6 weeks of life was assessed.Methodology: Prospective study of 24 women enrolled during their third trimester. Socio-demographic characteristics, oral hygiene, dietary practices and obstetric characteristics obtained using investigator-administered questionnaire. Saliva samples collection from neonates at birth and six weeks, investigated by cultural microbial analysis and polymerase chain reaction to detect S. mutans specific species genes.Results: Total of 24 mother-child pairs assessed. Mothers mean age; 31.29 (+/- 4.6) years. Neonates' mean gestational age; 38.79 (+/-1.4) weeks, with 14 (58.3%) females and 10 (41.7) males. Microbiological culture analysis of the saliva sample of the neonates showed that 25% of the neonates had S. mutans at birth and 25% had it at 6 weeks post-delivery. Approximately 25% of salivary samples from the neonates showed S. mutans upon cultural analysis and correlated with the presence of the bacteria in 41.7% of the samples using Polymerase chain reaction. Streptococcus mutans detected at birth in 60% of neonates were identical to that of the mothers.Conclusion: Maternal transmission is the primary source of S. mutans acquisition. Culture analysis of oral fluid revealed presence of viable and cultivable S. mutans in neonates asserting the acquisition of these species at birth and their presence before tooth eruption.","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"42 7","pages":"531-541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remarks on the Correlation between the EU-TIRADS Score and the Definitive Histology of Thyroid Nodules Operated on in Lomé. EU-TIRADS评分与甲状腺结节确诊组织学的相关性分析。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-31

I Sengul, D Sengul

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Correlation of Protein C and Protein S Levels with Stroke Severity and Functional Outcomes in Adults with Ischaemic Stroke. 评估成人缺血性脑卒中患者蛋白C和蛋白S水平与卒中严重程度和功能结局的相关性

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-31

A O Idowu, M B Fawale, R A Bolarinwa, A A Sanusi, A F Ogunmodede, S O Lawal, O A Asifat, A A Adebowale, M A Komolafe

{"title":"Assessing the Correlation of Protein C and Protein S Levels with Stroke Severity and Functional Outcomes in Adults with Ischaemic Stroke.","authors":"A O Idowu, M B Fawale, R A Bolarinwa, A A Sanusi, A F Ogunmodede, S O Lawal, O A Asifat, A A Adebowale, M A Komolafe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Protein C, a vitamin K-dependent anticoagulant, regulates thrombin generation with its cofactor, protein S. Deficiencies in these proteins predispose individuals to thrombophilia, which may contribute to ischemic stroke. However, data on their role in Nigerian populations remain limited.Objectives: To compare serum levels of protein C and protein S between adults with acute ischemic stroke and matched healthy controls; to assess associations between these deficiencies and stroke severity; and to evaluate their relationship with functional outcomes.Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional case-control study was conducted involving 100 ischemic stroke patients and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Serum protein C and S levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), while functional outcomes were measured using the Barthel Index and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) on days 7, 14, and 30. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with significance set at p < 0.05.Results: Among 200 participants (59 males, 41 females per group), the mean age of stroke patients was 61.24 ± 13.30 years. Median time to presentation was 48 hours. Protein C levels were significantly lower in stroke patients, while Protein S showed no significant difference. A weak positive correlation was observed between Protein C levels and stroke severity (rs = 0.201, p = 0.045), whereas Protein S did not show such a correlation. The functional outcome showed no significant association with either protein.Conclusion: Protein C deficiency may serve as a marker for stroke severity but has limited predictive value for functional outcomes. Further research is needed to clarify its pathophysiological role in ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"42 7","pages":"523-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Microalbuminuria Level to Determine Diabetic Nephropathy Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Zaria, Nigeria. 微量白蛋白尿水平对尼日利亚Zaria 2型糖尿病患者糖尿病肾病的评估。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-31

A B Dogara, I S Aliyu, D S Mshelia, H M Suleiman, F A Mahmud, M G Abubakar

{"title":"Evaluation of Microalbuminuria Level to Determine Diabetic Nephropathy Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Zaria, Nigeria.","authors":"A B Dogara, I S Aliyu, D S Mshelia, H M Suleiman, F A Mahmud, M G Abubakar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Microalbuminuria was reported to be elevated in diabetic nephropathy and high levels of this biomarker correlates with progressing nephropathy, decline in e-GFR and consequently renal failure in some patients. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the level of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients and its correlation with renal function.Method: One hundred Type-2 diabetic patients and an equal number of apparently healthy, age and sex-matched controls were recruited. Urinary albumin and serum creatinine was measured using FIA and Jaffe kinetic methods respectively. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22.0 with level of significance at p < 0.05. Urinary albumin creatinine ratio (u-ACR) was calculated, serum creatinine was used to calculate e-GFR using Cockcroft and Gault formula; while Mann-Whitney test was used to compare difference between the two means.Results: The u-ACR (3.15 (7.8, 1.3)) mg/mmol was found to be significantly higher in patients than controls (p = 0.000) while serum creatinine (74.00 (86.0, 67.0) μmol/L was found to be significantly lower in patients than controls (p = 0.000). Pearson's correlation showed significant negative correlation between u-ACR and e-GFR (r = - 0.318, p = 0.001) and between serum creatinine and e-GFR (r-value = - 0.546, p-value = 0.000), while a significant positive correlation between u-ACR and serum creatinine (r-value = 0.281, p = 0.005) among patients.Conclusion: The concentrations of microalbuminuria was higher in type 2 diabetic patients, and it may be used to assess renal function.","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"42 7","pages":"559-565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antioxidant Depletion in Asphyxiated Neonates, Neuropsychiatric Burden in Parkinson's Disease, and Public Health Vulnerabilities: The Need for Proactive Healthcare Delivery. 窒息新生儿的抗氧化剂消耗、帕金森病的神经精神负担和公共卫生脆弱性：需要积极的医疗保健服务。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-31

G E Erhabor

引用次数: 0

Burnout Without Borders: Exploring Burnout and the Validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Among Medical Students Across Four Countries in Africa. 无国界倦怠：探索倦怠和马斯拉克倦怠量表在非洲四个国家医学生中的有效性。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30

K S Oluwadiya, A O Adeoti, M I Usman, P O M Maison, G A Rahman, A A Olasinde, S Mensah

{"title":"Burnout Without Borders: Exploring Burnout and the Validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Among Medical Students Across Four Countries in Africa.","authors":"K S Oluwadiya, A O Adeoti, M I Usman, P O M Maison, G A Rahman, A A Olasinde, S Mensah","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There has been little or no cross-cultural validation study of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aims to test three hypotheses among medical students in four selected countries - Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Uganda in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Method: This research utilized a cross-sectional design and employed an online self-administered questionnaire. The measurement of burnout was conducted utilizing the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey for Students (MBI-GS (S) on Google Form. The survey was distributed via WhatsApp to medical students enrolled in six medical schools across four countries. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS AMOS version 24 for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).Result: The prevalence of burnout varied among the medical students in the four countries with Ghana (72.1%) and Nigeria (61.2%) higher than Sierra Leone (59.2%) and Uganda (47.7%). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 3-factor structure of the MBI-GS(S) fits both the overall sample and the samples from each of the four individual countries albeit after correlating error terms in the analysis. However, hypothesis 2, which posited structural invariance across the samples from the four countries, was only partially met as the model demonstrated configural invariance across the samples but not metric invariance.Conclusion: The results of our study provide empirical evidence supporting the presence of burnout among medical students, revealing significant disparities across the participating countries. While the MBI-GS (S) proved to be a useful tool for this assessment, our findings also highlight the challenges of achieving measurement invariance in cross-cultural research, underscoring the need for culturally adaptable methodologies.","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"42 6","pages":"443-451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145550961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Management Challenges of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Call for Urgent Action. 撒哈拉以南非洲慢性化脓性中耳炎的管理挑战：呼吁采取紧急行动。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30

T O Adedeji, J E Tobih, B A Adegbosin

{"title":"Management Challenges of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Call for Urgent Action.","authors":"T O Adedeji, J E Tobih, B A Adegbosin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media is a serious health care concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty, ignorance, and non-availability of surgical treatment techniques militate against its effective management.Methods: A retrospective descriptive study conducted at UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo on patients with CSOM over five years.Results: A total of 428 patients consisting of 232 males and 196 females with age ranged from 1 - 83 years. Children 1-15 years constituted the largest (54.2%) proportion. RCSOM (37.4%), LCSOM (29.9%) and bilateral CSOM (32.7%). Majority (51.4%) had discharge for more than 2 years. Most patients 208 (48.6%) had moderate size perforations and majority (93.5%) were central perforations. Culture results showed pseudomonas 24.3% and staphylococcus aureus 24.3% as the most common organisms isolated. PTA of 152 patients (reviewed) showed that 36.8% had moderate degree of HL and severe degree HL in 26.3%. Ninety four (61.8%) had conductive hearing loss. Hearing loss was significantly associated with the size of perforation (p = 0.001) and duration of ear discharge (p = 0.022). About 99% of patients were managed conservatively with topical ear drops/ dressing with wick gauze impregnated with ciprofloxacin ear drops. Five patients (1.17 %) had tympanoplasty, six (1.40%) had cortical mastoidectomy and 2 (0.47%) patients died secondary to intracranial complications.Conclusion: Challenges militating against effective management of CSOM in Nigeria include poverty, delayed presentation, few tympanomastoid surgical experts and poor attitude toward surgical procedures. Public enlightenment including early presentation of patients, provision of adequate equipment and focused attention on appropriate surgical techniques should be embarked upon urgently.","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"42 6","pages":"474-481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Technologies in Health Care: Bridging the Promise and the Gaps. 医疗保健中的新兴技术：弥合希望和差距。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30

G E Erhabor

引用次数: 0

Limitations to the Implementation of a Robotic Rehabilitation Programme for Stroke Survivors in Nigeria. 尼日利亚中风幸存者机器人康复方案实施的限制。

West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30

A A Sanusi, A F Ogunmodede, A Bello, A O Idowu, O E Olorunmoteni, U C Eke, M B Fawale, A A Adebowale, S Ayenowowon, K P Ayodele, M O Olaogun, M A Komolafe

{"title":"Limitations to the Implementation of a Robotic Rehabilitation Programme for Stroke Survivors in Nigeria.","authors":"A A Sanusi, A F Ogunmodede, A Bello, A O Idowu, O E Olorunmoteni, U C Eke, M B Fawale, A A Adebowale, S Ayenowowon, K P Ayodele, M O Olaogun, M A Komolafe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Arm function recovery is essential for stroke survivors' ability to perform activities associated with daily living. Consequently, impairment in arm function is a significant target for stroke survivors' physical or robotic rehabilitation. This study aims to explore the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a robotic rehabilitation programme for stroke survivors in a resource-poor setting.Methods: A cross-sectional design with a qualitative approach was chosen. A semi-structured, interview-based questionnaire was administered and data were collected from stroke survivors presenting at the adult neurology clinic of two tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Data from the interview-based questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 52 stroke survivors participated and were interviewed. More than half (55.8%) of the respondents were elderly, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. Majority of respondents (58%) had no idea about the use of robotics for stroke rehabilitation. About 44% of the respondents believe that the major determinant of interest in robotics will be favourable outcome after trials on other participants. Lack of financial support and transportation aid constitute barriers, while creation of awareness and the availability of transportation aid from home to hospital were the major facilitators to participation.Conclusion: These findings highlight the fact that most stroke survivors in the resource-poor setting were not aware of the usefulness of robotics in stroke rehabilitation. Hence, increasing knowledge and creating awareness about robotic rehabilitation will make it more readily acceptable for stroke survivors. KEYWORDS: Barrier, Facilitator, Robotic rehabilitation, Stroke survivors, Implementation.","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"42 6","pages":"452-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0